Cultivation techniques of black-skinned wax gourd

Black wax gourd is a long garden column, dark green epidermis, mature longitudinal furrow, melon length 60-80 cm, transverse diameter 15-25 cm, flesh white, thickness 5-6 cm, single melon weight 8-15 kg, yield 4000-5000 kg per mu, the whole growth period is 160-180 days. The variety is resistant to drought, heat, storage and transportation. Long supply period, taste sweet, soft, has the effect of relieving summer heat and relieving thirst, in addition to eating, it can also be processed into sugar wax gourd, dried wax gourd and so on. Domestic exports are very popular. First, sowing and raising seedlings. It is planted in spring and autumn. The sowing time of spring seed is from February to April, the suitable sowing time is March, and the harvest is from July to August. Autumn planting was sown from late July to early August and harvested in October. After sprouting, direct seeding or nutrition cup seedling transplanting, early sowing pay attention to cold prevention, warm weather transplanting cultivation. Second, land preparation and planting. From the height of the border planting, the border width of 2 meters in the ditch, single row planted in the middle of the border, plant spacing of 1 meter, 300 plants per mu, 0.8 meters between autumn plants, 400 plants per mu. It can also be planted in other crops with a distance of 1.6 meters. Third, set up a frame to draw vines. Generally, when the vine is 1 meter long, set up a bamboo frame to lead the vine to grow, remove the side vine in time, make the vine grow evenly, make rational use of sunlight, and help to bear melon. When the seedlings grow to 25-30 nodes, that is to choose a normally developed young melon to stay, and only one for each plant, and the remaining 4-5 leaves will remove the terminal buds and lateral vines to promote the growth of young melons and increase yield. Fourth, field management. Melon seedlings grow slowly in the early stage and need less water and fertilizer. After fruiting period, the demand for water and fertilizer is particularly large, accounting for 70% of the total fertilizer. Therefore, it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer and topdressing after melon bearing. The main diseases are Fusarium wilt, control methods can be rotation, high border planting, keep the soil moist, no stagnant water, drugs can be used topiramate, carbendazim, chlorothalonil and so on. Pests include melon thrips, melon fruit flies, aphids, etc., which can be controlled with pesticides such as 25% imidophos, dimethoate and trichlorfon.