Methods of fertilizing pear trees

First, the amount of fertilizer applied. Generally speaking, the production of 100kg pear fruit requires 0.47kg of pure nitrogen, 0.23kg of pure phosphorus, 0.48kg of pure potassium, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1pur0.5. If the yield of pears is 2500 kg per mu, 11.75kg of nitrogen, 5.75kg of phosphorus and 12kg of potassium are needed per mu. In actual production, the amount of fertilizer application can be calculated according to the content of effective components of various fertilizers. Second, the use of trace elements. Trace element deficiency is prone to element deficiency, which should be corrected in time. If iron deficiency is easy to cause yellow leaf disease, 0.5% ferrous sulfate can be sprayed 1-2 times a month in the growing season, and yellow leaves can be turned green after repeated spraying, and a certain amount of ferrous sulfate can also be applied in spring. Zinc deficiency can easily cause lobular disease. 4-5% zinc sulfate solution can be sprayed before germination and 0.3-0.5% zinc sulfate solution can be sprayed after germination. In addition, spraying 0.2-0.5% boric acid solution during or after anthesis can not only treat boron deficiency, but also improve fruit setting rate. For young pear trees, because the root system of young pear trees is underdeveloped, fertilization should be based on the principle of thin fertilizer to avoid burning seedlings. At the same time, increase the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to enhance the tree potential. Third, fertilization time. 1. It was applied within 7-10 days after harvest to facilitate the recovery of tree potential, promote photosynthesis, increase nutrients and the occurrence of autumn roots, mainly quick-acting fertilizer. From October to December, base fertilizer was applied, mainly organic fertilizer, accounting for 40-50% of the total amount of fertilizer applied in the whole year. It is very important to apply base fertilizer in autumn. Taking nitrogen fertilizer as an example, in the middle and later stage of pear fruit expansion, if too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the fruit shape is larger, but the fruit sugar content decreases, the flavor becomes lighter, and the disease is more serious, which does not meet the requirements of high-quality cultivation. The first ten days of June is the main period when the new leaves of pears begin to synthesize carbohydrates. the trees do not need too much nitrogen, but too little nitrogen is not conducive to flower bud differentiation and will affect flowering and fruiting in the second year. the best way to solve this contradiction is to apply more organic fertilizer in autumn and winter. 3. Topdressing before and after anthesis promotes flowering and fruiting and branch and leaf growth. Quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer is the main topdressing before anthesis, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is the main fertilizer after anthesis. 4. During the fruit expansion period, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were applied together during the fruit expansion period of each variety.