Key points of management of pear orchard in spring

1. Shaping and pruning: continue to pull branches and shape pear trees to regulate their growth, which is beneficial to ventilation and light transmission. 2. Applying pre-flowering fertilizer to pear trees in time can rapidly improve the nutrition level of pear trees, promote tree vigor, improve the stress resistance of flower buds, and make the new shoots and buds strong. The pollen has strong vitality, good pollination and fertilization, and high fruit setting rate. The specific measures are as follows: before pear flower bud germination, generally 5-10 days before and after the Beginning of Spring, pre-flowering fertilizer, mainly organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, fruit trees for more than 5 years, 15-20 kg of mature human and animal manure per tree, 1 kg of mature peanut seedlings and 1.2-2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Dig 6-8 radiation ditches with a depth of 15-20 cm, a width of 30-40 cm and a length of 80-100 cm under the canopy. After mixing the fertilizer evenly, the fertilizer is mixed with the soil dug up and then filled back into the ditch. In case of dry weather after fertilization, each tree must be drenched with 60-80 kg of water to promote the transformation of fertilizer dissolution, supply root absorption and utilization, and improve fertilizer absorption and utilization. In addition, during the flower bud stage, 0.1% magnesium sulfate, 0.1% borax, 0.3% urea and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be sprayed on the leaves 2-3 times. 3. Reasonable intercropping: it is strictly forbidden to plant high-stem crops in pear orchards, but only green manure and dwarf crops (such as soybeans, mung beans, peanuts, etc.). 4. flower and fruit protection: the fundamental measure of flower and fruit protection is to strengthen the management of soil, fertilizer and water and the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. In addition, measures such as spraying 0.2% Mel 0.4% borax solution or 800 times vinegar semen at flowering stage, releasing bees, hanging flower branches, artificial pollination, shaking trees in foggy days after rain, and ring cutting Wangshu and Wangzhi after Xiehua can be taken. 5. Pest control: before and after flowering, use Dasheng 800x liquid, Xiansheng 600x liquid, 25carbendazim 300x liquid, trimethoprim 1500 times liquid to control pear rust, pear black disease, pear black heart disease, pear brown spot, flower rot, 2-3 times in a row, once every 10-15 days. 3000 times solution of 2.5% trichlorfon and 2.5 times of trichlorfon were used to control pear heart borer, pear star caterpillar and pear stem wasp, and 40% dimethoate was used to control pear aphid.