Prevention and Control of Diseases and insect pests before bagging of early Spring Pear

The disease and insect began to move before and after the germination of pear trees in early spring, and the bagging of pear orchards brought a lot of inconvenience to the spraying work. Therefore, pest control before bagging is the key to pest control in bagged pear orchard. In this period, we should focus on strengthening the control of pear planthopper, pear aphid, red spider and so on. (1) strengthen the management of soil, fertilizer and water. The basis of pest control in bagged pear orchard is to cultivate high yield, stable yield, moderate and strong tree potential, enhance tree disease resistance, and reasonable shaping and pruning, so as to make pear orchard ventilated and transparent. (2) around mid-February. In order to remove black, red and white, fine scrape off the rough, warped and diseased skin of the tree trunk and branches, use a piece of plastic film and then scrape off the thick old skin, and then take it out of the pear orchard to be burned or buried deeply to prevent it from falling on the ground or being blown away by the wind. After scraping, you can apply 50 times 40% Fumei arsenic wettable powder + 2% Ping Jia adjuvant, 843 rehabilitation agent or Wubiqing original solution to prevent and control diseases such as stem ring disease and rot. (3) early spring pear buds are "white". Spraying 3 °~ 5 °Be stone sulfur mixture can kill many kinds of overwintering bacteria and pests, especially against yellow powder insect, Kang's pink scale and red spider. Black spot serious spray stone sulfur mixture and 0.3% pentachlorophenol sodium mixture. This period is the peak of adult emergence of the overwintering generation of pear planthopper and the initial hatching stage of the first generation of eggs, pear leaves have not yet grown, adults and eggs are exposed on the branches and the insect body is weak, so it is the first key period for the control of pear planthopper. The situation of its sting can be observed in the field from late February, and it is found that it is sprayed immediately when it is stung. If overwintering adults are found every 5-7 days, continuous spraying is needed. Practice has proved that the effect of continuous spraying for 2-3 times is good. The agents with better control effects on the overwintering adults of pear planthopper were 28% thiocyanate EC 2000 times, 25% buprofezin wettable powder 1500 times + 40% omethoate emulsion 80g 100 times, 2.5% dimethoate 3000 times, 2000 times, 20%, 2000 times, etc. (4) the inflorescence of pear was separated to the glomerular stage. Spraying insecticides to control hatched pear wood lice, yellow powder worm nymph, pear aphid, red spider and other pests. The agents used are 0.5 °Be stone-sulfur mixture, methamidophos, isocarbophos and so on. (5) 80% Mel 90% spraying insecticides and fungicides when petals fall off. At this time, the nymph of the first generation of pear planthopper is in full bloom, and it is the second key period for the control of pear planthopper. Killing the first generation nymph is very important for the control of pear planthopper. The agents with better control effects on pear wood lice nymphs are 28% thiocyanate EC 2000 times, 25% cypermethrin EC 1500 times, 20% amitraz 1000 times, and so on. During this period, pear orchard diseases such as scab and scab can be controlled with 10% doxorubicin 200 × 400 times or Shiduqing 600 times, etc. Pear orchards damaged by leaf rust mites can be sprayed with 3000-4000 times of 2% mite or 50% sulfur suspension in this period. (6) spray before bagging. In order to prevent the diseases and pests harmful to fruit, such as ring streak, scab, yellow powder insect and Kangshi pink scale, to increase the difficulty of control, insecticides and fungicides must be strictly sprayed before bagging, which is very important for the prevention and control of fruit diseases and insect pests after bagging. The types of drugs are mainly aimed at the diseases and insect pests that harm the fruit, and pay attention to the selection of efficient insecticides and fungicides which are not easy to produce drug pests. High-efficiency fungicides can choose Nova, Dasheng, dilute azolol, etc., and it is forbidden to use Bordeaux liquid, inorganic sulfur and other pesticides that strongly stimulate the pericarp. Pyrethroids, parathion, dichlorvos and omethoate can be used for insecticides. more than two kinds of insecticides should be selected in pear orchards where yellow powder insect and Kangs pink scale are more serious. Omethoate and dichlorvos emulsion have good killing effect on yellow powder insect and Kangs pink scale. In order to reduce the frequency of spraying and the labor of pear orchards, pesticides and fungicides should be sprayed together, such as 2500 times of methomyl 1000 times of methyl topiramate or 2500 times of 12.5% uniconazole wettable powder + 3000 times of deltamethrin EC. Spray the medicine before bagging, focus on spraying the fruit surface, but the sprinkler should not be too close to the fruit surface, otherwise too much pressure can easily cause rust or drug damage, the liquid spray into a fine mist evenly scattered on the fruit, should be sprayed to wash. After spraying, bagging can be carried out after the solution is dry, and bagging is strictly prohibited before the solution is dry, otherwise it will cause drug damage. One spray can be bagged for 2-3 days, and the effect is greatly reduced after 2-3 days, so you can bag while spraying.