Fertilizing potato is very important. How to apply phosphate fertilizer to potato?

Abstract: potatoes need a large amount of fertilizer, how to fertilize potatoes?

Potato belongs to tuber crops, the most important thing in the whole growth process is the accumulation of starch, protein, sugars and other substances. Therefore, rational fertilization and a good proportion of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are the key to increase the yield and quality of potato. So how to apply fertilizer in the process of potato planting, especially how to apply phosphate fertilizer? Let's take a look at it together.

The law of fertilizer requirement of potatoes.

In order to achieve high yield and high quality of potato, we must first understand the law of fertilizer demand of potato and apply it according to demand, so as to increase the utilization rate of fertilizer and achieve the goal of high yield and high quality. Generally speaking, the fertilizer requirement of potato seedlings was not too large, and reached the peak at the beginning of tuber differentiation. Potato is a high-starch tuber plant which has the greatest demand for potash fertilizer, followed by nitrogen fertilizer, and the lowest demand for phosphate fertilizer.

Potash fertilizer can promote potato tuber to accumulate starch and vitamins, and the lack of potash fertilizer can easily cause plant dwarfing, wilt, and even cause tuber blackening. Therefore, potatoes have a great demand for potash fertilizer. At the same time, boron, copper and other trace elements are also essential. Fertilizing potatoes requires heavy base fertilizer and less topdressing.

Because potato tuber is an important part of organic matter accumulation, it is more suitable for sandy loam and is conducive to tuber expansion. at the same time, farm manure is beneficial to improve soil permeability and promote the growth of potato root system and tuber. Excessive application of chemical fertilizer will cause soil consolidation and is not conducive to tuber expansion, so the base fertilizer should be based on farm fertilizer, combined with chemical fertilizer.

The main points of fertilization and the application characteristics of phosphate fertilizer in potato.

How to apply phosphate fertilizer? Phosphate fertilizer can not only increase starch content and yield of potato, but also strengthen seedlings. Insufficient application will easily lead to potato tuber hollow, hardened, not easy to boil, affect the quality of potato tuber, and even reduce yield. Generally speaking, the soil in the north is generally short of phosphorus, so we should pay attention to the application of phosphate fertilizer, but it should not be excessive. Generally, when applying base fertilizer with organic fertilizer, phosphorus pentoxide is applied.

The specific amount of application should be determined according to the production of potatoes. Generally, it is necessary to apply 1.8 ~ 2.2kg of phosphorus pentoxide to produce 1000 kilograms of potatoes. In addition, according to the situation of potato plants, 50 kg of 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was sprayed on the leaves as extra-root topdressing.

The main points of fertilization for potatoes.

The amount of base fertilizer accounted for 2 to 3 of the total amount of fertilizer applied in the whole growth period of potato, generally about 2000 kg of farm manure per mu, combined with 40 kg of high-nitrogen and high-potassium compound fertilizer. In the later stage, it should be noted that the demand for nitrogen fertilizer in potato seedling stage is relatively large, generally topdressing urea 5-8 kg, can be washed with water, potato generally no longer topdressing nitrogen fertilizer after flowering to avoid plant growth. In the later stage, if the plant shows symptoms of element deficiency, such as premature senility and yellowing, it can be sprayed for 2 or 3 times by foliar spraying, and the total amount is not more than 1 kg.

It should be noted that potato is a potassium-loving crop, and in the usual fertilization process, people generally focus on the application of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer, resulting in too little potassium fertilizer application, affecting the yield of potato. In addition, when potash fertilizer is applied to potatoes, it is best to choose potassium sulfate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate to avoid applying chlorine-containing fertilizers to affect the quality of potatoes. In the process of fertilization, we should also pay attention to balanced fertilization, such as lack of boron fertilizer can easily lead to tuber cracking, copper can promote plant respiration and photosynthesis, appropriate fertilization can increase potato yield and improve plant drought resistance.

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