Key points of Management Technology of Spring Cucumber

Cucumber is one of people's favorite vegetables, which contains a variety of sugars, free amino acids, vitamins, cucurbitacin, calcium, phosphorus, iron and so on. Among them, cucurbitacin has anti-tumor effect. Cucumber also has the effects of clearing away heat and diuresis, detoxification, sore throat, febrile abdominal pain and so on. There are generally 3500 cucumbers per mu, with a yield of 5000-8000 kg per mu and an income of about 3000 yuan per mu. The cultivation process of cucumber is mainly "seed selection-seedling-soil preparation-fertilization-planting-vine introduction-fertilizer and water management-pest control" and other links. 1. Variety selection. In spring, Jinchun 4, 5, Jinyou 4, 6, Jinlu 4, 6, Zhongnong 6, 8, or Xiangyuan 3, 1, Xiangchun 3, 4 should be selected for open field cultivation. It is suitable to choose the facilities to promote cultivation in spring. Zhongnong 9, 12, 7, Jinchun 1, 2, Jinza 2, 4; or Xiangyuan 3, 1, Xiangchun 3, Chunyuan 4 and other varieties. two。 Sow seeds and raise seedlings. Open-field cultivation was sown from mid-March to late April, and seedlings were raised in electric or cold beds. Facilities promote cultivation from mid-January to mid-February to sow seeds and raise seedlings by electric heating. The amount of seed used per mu is 150 grams. Soak the seeds with warm scalding for 15 minutes before sowing, wash and dry, accelerate germination or direct seeding. The soil temperature was maintained at about 28 ℃ and the seedlings could emerge in 4-5 days. It is recommended to use a nutrition bowl to raise seedlings; after the cotyledons are expanded, the seedlings are transplanted on the seedling bed according to the row spacing of 10 × 10 cm. The seedling bed temperature is 18: 28 ℃ during the day and not less than 12 ℃ at night. When the seedlings have 1 leaf and 1 heart, 1% concentration of dregs water is applied once; when 2 leaves and 1 heart, 0.1-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed once, and 20% concentration of dregs water is applied once. Pay attention to seedling refining within 6-7 days before transplanting. 3. Fertilize the whole soil. Melon land is not continuous cropping, choose loam land with convenient transportation and good irrigation and drainage conditions. For cultivated land, 100 kg of lime is applied per mu, and 2000kg to 3000 kg of human dung and 60 kg of compound fertilizer are applied per mu of soil. Spraying 600 times of dimethazone solution on the border surface reduced the occurrence of the disease. The border surface can be covered with film to increase temperature. 4. Colonization. Ground mulching and open field cultivation were transplanted from early April to late April, and facilities contributed to the transplanting before the middle of March. About 3500 plants per mu, watering well after planting. 5. Cultivation and management. (1) facility adjustment. The temperature in March is extremely unstable and hail occurs occasionally. Facilities should pay attention to heat preservation and seedling protection and control moisture in order to prevent disease and freeze. The temperature rebounded rapidly in April, with occasional cold air cooling and hail, so pay attention to prevention. The mastery of protected cultivation opens early in sunny days and closes at night to keep the seedlings strong. When the local temperature is stable over 10 ℃, the shed can be removed and the film can be removed. (2) set up the frame to draw the vine. When the vine is 0.3 meters long, it begins to cut, pile and tie the vine. After setting up the frame, tie the vine and draw the vine in time, tie the vine once every 2-3 days, carry on in the sunny afternoon, and let the cross strip climb. In order to improve the early fruit setting rate of cucumber, 1:50 times of cucumber Baoguoling can be used to spray stamens or fruit stalks. (3) Fertilizer and water management. Spring cucumber plants grow rapidly and hang many fruits, so they need to supply fertilizer and water uniformly and continuously. During the vegetative growth period, the seedlings were fertilized with 20% concentration of manure for 3 times. During the harvest period, 30% of the concentration of strong fruit fertilizer was recovered for every 2 harvests. 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was used as foliar topdressing for 1 and 2 times to delay the senescence of functional leaves. (4) Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. Before the five-leaf stage, 1000-fold solution of 80% trichlorfon was used to control the damage of Huangshou melon; after the planting survived, watermelon heavy stubble liquid was used to prevent soil-borne diseases such as Fusarium wilt, and the leaves were sprayed with 1000-fold liquid of bengshuangling wettable powder at flowering stage for 3 times, which can effectively inhibit the damage of downy mildew. (5) harvest. Facility-assisted cultivation generally began to harvest from late April to early May, while ground mulching and open field cultivation began to harvest in the first and middle of May. The harvest interval is once in 2-3 days in the early stage and 1-2 days in the middle and later stages.