How to cultivate Maize

1. Land selection 1. Irrigated corn should choose plots with flat terrain, good structure, good air permeability and high soil fertility. 2. Film-mulched corn can choose dry and flat land, mountain root land, horizontal terrace, Eryin land, mild saline-alkali wetland, alpine mandian and water land, and avoid steep slope land, waterlogged land, heavy saline-alkali land and wind land. Second, where there are conditions for the application of basic fertilizer in soil preparation, fertilization in autumn, ploughing in autumn and convergence in autumn and winter should be carried out. Combined with the previous autumn turning mu application of farm manure 2000~2500kg, rake in time after turning flat, pick out the stubble, so that the ground is flat, the soil is fine, there is no garbage, no stubble. Third, variety selection and seed treatment 1. Select seeds with good yield, strong stress resistance, high purity, strong germination potential and germination rate above 90%. Irrigated corn: in the area with effective accumulated temperature of 2700-3100 ℃, mainly selected varieties such as Shuoqiu 5, Shuoqiu 8, Denghai 9, Zhengdan958, Shi117 and so on; in the area with effective accumulated temperature of 2300-2700 ℃, mainly selected test 117,Sidan 19 and other varieties. Plastic film mulched corn: in the area with effective accumulated temperature of 2900-3100 ℃, varieties such as Shuoqiu 8, Denghai 9 and Shenchan29 were selected, and varieties such as Shuoqiu 5 and Shuoqiu 8 were selected in the area with effective accumulated temperature of 2700-2900 ℃; in the area of 2500-2700 ℃, varieties such as trial 117 and Shuoqiu 5 were selected; in the area of effective accumulated temperature 2300-2500 ℃, Sidan 19,117 and other varieties were selected. The varieties of Jichengdan 3, Shuoqiu 2 and Shuoqiu 3 were selected when the effective accumulated temperature was less than 2300 ℃. 2. Choose and buy coated seeds. Seeds that are not coated should be selected, dried and germinated so that the seeds are free of miscellaneous, inferior and full seeds. Before sowing, 40% seed dressing double (or metalaxyl) was used to control smut according to 0.3% of seed weight; 50% methamidophos emulsion 100g 5kg, seed 50kg was used to control mole cricket, grub, golden needle worm and other underground pests. 4. Sowing time: irrigated rice was sown from April 20 to early May, and film-mulched corn was sown 7-10 days earlier than local open-field corn. Sowing rate: 3~3.5kg seed fertilizer per mu: 20~25kg, zinc sulfate 1kg per mu, or diammonium phosphate 12~15kg, urea 3~5kg, potassium chloride or potassium sulfate 5~7kg, zinc sulfate 1~2kg per mu. For irrigated corn sowing method, the row spacing of unfolded corn is 30mm 33 × 50cm, the plant spacing is 4000000 / mu, the row spacing of compact maize is 27030 × 50cm, and the seedling protection is 4500000 / mu. Film mulched corn: large ridge 80cm, small ridge 40cm, plant spacing 30cm, about 3700 seedlings per mu; compact corn big ridge 70cm, small ridge 30cm, plant spacing 30cm, seedling protection per mu about 4000 plants. After sowing, spray the surface evenly with 48% 200~250mL EC, 30~40kg with water or 50% Acetochlor EC 100~150mL with water 30~40kg per mu. Plastic mulched corn is covered with plastic film. 5. Field management 1. Irrigated corn at seedling stage: time seedlings, fixed seedlings and weeding, 3-leaf time seedlings, 5-leaf time seedlings, combined with inter-fixed seedlings for intermediate tillage and weeding. Jointing fertilizer was applied in 6-7 leaves (before jointing), combined with 10-12 kg urea per mu, followed by watering. Film-mulched corn: when 50% of the seedlings emerge in the field, release the seedlings in batches before 10:00 and after 4 pm, and seal the break with wet soil in time. See 4-5 leaves fixed seedlings, see 6-7 leaves topdressing 10-12 kg / mu jointing fertilizer, drilling holes in the middle of every four plants 15cm deep topdressing, covering soil. 2. Topdressing at the big trumpet stage: the corn grew to 13 to 14 leaves for the second topdressing, 20 kg urea per mu, and the irrigated land dug 10cm deep topdressing between the two corn plants or on both sides of the corn, covered with soil, and watered at the right time. Plastic film mulched corn was fertilized by digging 10cm deep hole outside the film. Control armyworm and corn borer: sprinkle phosphorus granules into the trumpet, 7-8 grains per plant, 1-1.5 kg per mu. Uncover plastic film: plastic film corn to the ridge closure period, in order to let plastic film corn accept more Rain Water, promote late growth, remove plastic film in time, generally in mid-late July. 3. Post-management. During the filling period, the corn should be watered appropriately according to the rainfall, and the stalks should be peeled and dried when entering the wax ripening period to reduce moisture. And appropriate late harvest, promote grain fullness, increase grain weight.