Cultivation techniques of Zizania latifolia in greenhouse

1.1. The variety Zizania caduciflora is suitable for local planting, which is suitable for high yield and high quality Zhexiao 2. This variety was introduced from Zhejiang University in 1995 and has become the main variety widely planted in Yuyao City after many years of domestication and breeding by the agricultural technology department. Zhejiang Zizania latifolia No. 2 has a plant height of about 2m, leaf width of 3.5~4.5cm, strong tillering and good stress resistance. The body of Zizania caduciflora is in the shape of spinning, with long 17cm of Zizania latifolia meat, 4cm of horizontal diameter and net weight of about 90g. Zizania caduciflora meat is clean and smooth, thin skin, delicate texture, high yield, concentrated harvest, good commodity and good economic benefits, so it is favored by Zizania latifolia farmers and market. 1.2. The cultivation of Zizania caduciflora in greenhouse should choose fields with low-lying terrain, fertile and loose soil, high content of organic matter, deep tillage layer, convenient drainage and irrigation, good water quality, no industrial "three wastes" pollution, and no continuous planting of Zizania caduciflora. 1.3. Select and retain excellent seedlings, reasonable close planting of Zizania latifolia seedlings should be strictly selected every year, with neat plant type, high rate of pregnant Zizania caduciflora, hypertrophy of flesh, low position of bearing Zizania latifolia, no male Zizania latifolia and Zizania latifolia, low tillering node position, and mature and consistent Zizania caduciflora pier. At the end of March and the beginning of April, the seed pier was dug and planted, one seedling and one hole, the seedling density was 30cm × 40cm, and the ratio of seedling field to Honda was 1:10. The planting density was 100~80cm × 50cm, 2 plants per hole, 22500 holes / hm2. If the leaves of the seedlings are too long, the upper leaves should be cut off in time to reduce the nutrient consumption of the plants. 6m wide greenhouse, 70cm left on the edge of the film, a total of 6 rows. 1.4. Clean up the Zizania caduciflora field and apply sufficient basic fertilizer to the harvest of Zizania latifolia in the middle of November. In the middle of December, the residual plants and withered leaves of the above-ground plants should be cut off, the fields should be cleaned and burned centrally, so as to reduce the overwintering base of insects and bacteria. The field with more weeds in the Zizania latifolia field was released 5-6 days before the shed, and the water 40kg was sprayed with 10% glyphosate water agent 1kg. After filling the shallow water 2-3 days before the shed, 667m2 applied special organic fertilizer for Zizania caduciflora (developed by the Institute of encircling soil of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences and produced by Cixi Zhongci Ecological Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) 120~150kg or Russian compound fertilizer (15% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium effective nutrients respectively) 50kg. 1.5. build a shed for heat preservation and carefully manage it at the end of December, that is, before and after the Winter Solstice to cover the film to prevent frost. Bamboo frame greenhouse is mainly used in Zizania caduciflora greenhouse, which is 6m wide and 1.8m 2.0m high. There are columns in the middle, and the length is determined by the field. The film is a multi-functional drip-free film with 0.08mm thickness and 8m width. The greenhouse is mainly sealed and insulated during the year, and the temperature has changed sharply after the Beginning of Spring. It is still necessary to seal and insulate at night, and it is necessary to inspect and observe frequently during the day. Usually, both ends should be ventilated when the weather is mild; when the weather is fine, when the temperature in the shed exceeds 32 ℃, the edge film and both ends should be ventilated; in case of continuous overcast and rainy weather, ventilation should be strengthened, which is beneficial to strong seedlings and reduce the rate of pregnant Zizania caduciflora. Generally, the film will be uncovered before and after the Qingming Festival. The temperature began to rise at the end of February and the beginning of March, and the plants of Zizania caduciflora grew rapidly. When the plant height was 30~40cm, it was necessary to delete seedlings in the greenhouse, leaving about 200000 strong seedlings per pier, so that the effective seedlings of 667m2 could reach about 30 000. Cutting seedlings can be combined with weeding in the field, remove weeds on the edge of the field, and improve the beauty of the soil. At the same time, the cultivated field can press the mud in the rhizosphere of Zizania caduciflora to spread the tillers and improve the nutritional status. Under the premise of cutting seedlings, the strong stalk fertilizer was applied timely according to the seedling color, and the imported compound fertilizer 25~30kg was generally applied to 667m2. At the end of March, Zizania latifolia gradually flat stalk scoop Zizania latifolia, 30% of the plants pregnant Zizania latifolia, depending on the leaf color skillfully apply Zizania caduciflora fertilizer, 667m2 can be applied urea 5~6kg, in order to ensure the nutrients needed after Zizania latifolia is pregnant, and to ensure the fat and purity of Zizania latifolia meat. 1.7, protect Zizania latifolia with mud, harvest in time at the end of March and early April, Zizania latifolia has been pregnant one after another, then it is necessary to harvest artificial nest mud to protect Zizania latifolia. The purpose of the nest mud is to block the direct light on Zizania caduciflora, improve the soil temperature, promote Zizania caduciflora stout, white, crisp and tender, and improve the commodity rate. The nest mud should be carried out in stages, and one plant of pregnant Zizania latifolia should be seen in each pier, and the mud should be kept in place with the continuous elongation of Zizania caduciflora. Generally, the height of the mud should not exceed that of Zizania caduciflora eye. As the plant is pregnant first and then, it is necessary to harvest the mud at the same time to promote the individual hypertrophy of Zizania caduciflora. When Zizania caduciflora grows to the heart leaf to contract, the left and right leaf pillows contract to be flat, and the middle is expanded to slightly expose the chest.