Occurrence and integrated control of powdery mildew of Zizania caduciflora

Powdery mildew of Zizania caduciflora is the main disease of Zizania caduciflora, which mainly harms leaf sheath and flesh, resulting in the decline of yield and quality of Zizania caduciflora. The main symptoms and comprehensive control methods of the disease are briefly introduced as follows: first, the main symptoms: at the initial stage of leaf sheath infection, the disease spot is a dark green dot, then it develops into an oval tumor-like process, and in the later stage, the leaf sheath is full of black pollen spores, which makes the leaf sheath black. When Zizania caduciflora is infected, the smut fungus is full of Zizania caduciflora tissue, which makes the middle bulge, the body of Zizania caduciflora becomes shorter, and there are many longitudinal grooves on the outer surface. Rough, serious Zizania caduciflora meat can not be eaten. 2. Integrated control methods 1. The fields where Zizania caduciflora smut has occurred in rotation should rotate with dry soil crops every other year. This can effectively control the occurrence of the disease. 2. Select sterile plants to stay in disease-free fields, and insist on using strong and bacteria-free Zizania caduciflora to raise seedlings. Plant. 3. In the treatment of seedling, the aboveground part of the old pier of the seedling should be cut off in spring to lower the stem of Zizania caduciflora in order to reduce the tiller position. If the introduced seedlings are suspected to be unreliable, use 25% carbendazim wettable powder. 75% Chlorothalonil wettable powder (1:1) 600 times liquid immersion disinfection treatment. to eliminate the germs of the seedlings with bacteria. 4. in the early germination stage of Zizania caduciflora, the over-dense tillers were removed, the nutrients were concentrated, and the sprouting tillers were neat and consistent, which was convenient for water layer management in the field and reduced the probability of disease. 5. Strengthen fertilizer and water management and apply sufficient mature organic fertilizer or 667 square meters (1 mu) Shi Zhengfeng ecological granular fertilizer 100 kg as base fertilizer. According to the experiment, the disease occurrence of Zhengfeng ecological fertilizer is less than that of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, and the effective period is longer. Adhere to scientific irrigation, manage the water layer according to different growth stages, and avoid long-term deep irrigation, that is, according to the needs of promoting tillering stage, restraining late tillering stage and promoting pregnancy stage, shallow water should be irrigated 3-5 cm in the early tillering stage. combined with heavy topdressing, 30kg of ternary compound fertilizer was applied to 667 square meters to promote tiller growth: control topdressing in the period of high temperature and humidity, and irrigation in deep water to inhibit ineffective tillers in the later stage. Keep Zizania caduciflora field moist during pregnancy. 6. Artificial removal of diseased leaves combined with ploughing and topdressing and other agricultural operations, timely removal of lower yellow leaves, diseased leaves, and taken out of the field for destruction, in order to enhance permeability. 7. In the early stage of the disease, the medicament can be sprayed at the early stage of the disease. The medicament can be used as 600x liquid of 3% doxorubicin wettable powder, or Bordeaux solution of 1.525% Bordeaux powder, or 1000 times liquid of 25% triadimefon wettable powder (safe interval of 3 days), or 25% carbendazim wettable powder. 75% Chlorothalonil wettable powder (1:1) 600 times liquid (safe interval 7 days) alternate spray, spray once every 7 days, continuous prevention and control 3-4 times, if used in rainy season, pay attention to make up spraying in time after rain.