Field management techniques of Zizania caduciflora

1. Reasonable fertilization Due to its long growth period, tall plants and more fertilizer requirements, Zizania latifolia is a kind of fertilizer tolerant crop, requiring sufficient base fertilizer and timely topdressing. Basal fertilizer: 35-40 loads of human and animal manure per mu (the same below), or 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate plus 40 kg of calcium phosphate, mixed well and combined with deep harrowing. Topdressing: 10-15 days after transplanting, apply "seedling promotion fertilizer" once, apply 8-10 parts of human excrement or 25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate plus 10 kg of calcium superphosphate, but pay attention to applying ammonium bicarbonate in the cloudy afternoon about 0.2 cm away from the seedlings to prevent burning seedlings; 1 month after planting, apply "tillering fertilizer" again, apply 20-25 loads of human excrement or 10-15 kg of urea, promote early tillering and early pregnancy of Zizania latifolia, apply "pregnant Zizania latifolia fertilizer" again at the end of July, this fertilizer should be timely, apply too early plants green, apply too late to affect pregnant Zizania latifolia, generally master that 80% of the plants in the field are flat, apply when it can be seen that they are expanding, and apply 30-35 loads of human excrement or 15 kg of urea per mu. 2. Scientific irrigation should be determined according to the different growth periods of Zizania latifolia. After planting, Zizania latifolia L. is promoted to live in shallow water of 0.3 cm. With the growth of Zizania latifolia L. seedlings, the water layer is gradually deepened. Before tillering, 0.5-0.7 cm of water is maintained, and 1-1.3 cm of water is maintained at the later stage of tillering to control ineffective tillering. At the pregnant stage, the water layer should be deepened to 1.7-2 cm to promote white and tender flesh of Zizania latifolia L. 3, intertillage stripping leaves from planting to the closure period to carry out secondary intertillage weeding and a stripping leaves. Defoliation is mainly to strip old leaves, yellow leaves and diseased leaves from plants. Intertillage and weeding were carried out half a month after planting and before closing the rows to loosen the soil and eliminate weeds. 4. Pest control of Zizania latifolia mainly includes one disease and three insects: leaf embroidery disease, Zizania latifolia, aphids and white cicadas. In June and July, due to high temperature and high humidity, and leaf rust is easy to occur due to plant height and leaf luxuriant, it is generally possible to spray with 0.1-0.2 degree of stone sulfur mixture +800 times solution of new lipid membrane or 0.5% sodium rust +800 times solution of new lipid membrane. Zizania latifolia, aphids and white wax cicadas can be controlled by spraying 80% trichlorfon 100g+ dimethoate 100g mixed with 75 kg water and 800 times of new lipid membrane. 5. The standard of timely harvest is that when the three outer leaves are long, the heart leaves are short, the pregnant parts are expanded, the leaf sheaths are separated from each other, and the white flesh is exposed, the harvest can be put on the market. After the first harvest, be careful not to step on adjacent young rice. After the first harvest, quick-acting fertilizer should be applied once to promote the development and expansion of the second crop and improve the yield.