Key points of watermelon planting in spring

Select good varieties. The selection of varieties should be correct, mainly according to the watermelon varieties cultivated over the years, which have the strongest adaptability to local climate, soil and fertilizer, the highest yield and the best quality. 1. Sow seeds at the right time. Cultivate sturdy melon seedlings. The key to cultivating sturdy seedlings is timely sowing. Seed dressing with new high-fat membrane (which can be mixed with seed coating agent) before sowing can ward off underground diseases and insects, isolate virus infection, do not affect germination and swelling function, strengthen respiratory intensity and improve seed germination rate. Adopt hotbed agricultural film arch shed to raise seedlings. In the middle and later stage of seedling cultivation, there should be more exposure and less cover, day and night cover, 3-5 days before transplanting, film can be opened all-weather to cultivate healthy and sturdy melon seedlings. 2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer. Watermelon needs a large amount of fertilizer, therefore, the application of high-quality base fertilizer is the basis for obtaining high quality, stable yield and high yield of watermelon. It is necessary to apply 1500-2000 kg of rotten fertilizer per mu and 25-30 kg of compound fertilizer (better for watermelon). The fertilization method can be changed from single ditch to double ditch, that is, on both sides of the middle of the box, each with a depth and width of 20-30 cm, fertilizer is applied into two ditches with soil cover of about 5 cm, and melon seedlings are planted in the middle of the two ditches. The advantages of this kind of fertilization are: do not burn seedlings, but also prevent overgrowth, timely spraying Caohuawang 3 can transform plant vegetative growth into reproductive nutrition, inhibit the excessive growth of main shoots, promote flower bud differentiation, bloom more, improve the quality of pollen fertilization, blossom and fruit setting more, prevent fruit drop and promote development. 3. Scientific topdressing. Under the premise of applying sufficient base fertilizer, only 200 kg of human feces and urine and 3 kg of urea should be applied once in the vine extension period. Because the watermelon in flowering and fruiting period is very sensitive to water and fertilizer, if there is too much fertilizer and water at this time, the plant is overnourished, which is easy to cause overgrowth, which is a kind of obstacle to sitting stable melon. Therefore, when the young fruit is as big as an egg, it can be fertilized appropriately, combined with spraying Zhuangguatiling, it can thicken the melon stalk, strengthen the directional transport of nutrition, promote the rapid development of melon body, beautiful melon type and multi-flavor; the growth cycle is not falling flowers, no falling melon, no crack melon, no abnormal melon. When the watermelon sits and expands, the root system just extends to the two fertilizer ditches, with sufficient nutrients, which is conducive to rapidly growing into a standard melon-shaped melon. 4. Pest control. Quenching, Fusarium wilt and anthracnose are the three main diseases of watermelon. To prevent and cure the disease at seedling stage, the seedling bed should pay attention to ventilation and control watering. Fusarium wilt and anthrax control methods: avoid continuous cropping, the general interval of 4-5 years, do a good job of ditch drainage, found that the diseased plants were pulled out in time. Chemical control: use 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, or 70% dimethazone, or 20% Shibaolin, or Bordeaux solution spray, the control effect is very good. Watermelon pests are mainly: seedling Huang Shou melon, ground tiger, aphids and red spiders and so on. Chemical control methods are as follows: dichlorvos, dimethoate, trichlorfon and carbofuran are used to control dichlorvos, dimethoate and carbofuran respectively.