Cultivation techniques and Management methods of Artemisia annua L.

1. Artemisia annua L. should be cultivated in sandy loam soil, which requires convenient irrigation conditions. After selecting the land, turn the soil and apply fine farm manure, applying more than 1000 kg per 0.1ha and 25 kg diammonium phosphate as base fertilizer. Make a flat bed with a width of 1.2 to 1.4 meters and a length of 10 to 20 meters, ready to sow seeds. 2. Sowing and raising seedlings (1) seed treatment: 3-4 days before sowing, soak the seeds in 50-55 hot water for 15 minutes and soak them for 12-24 hours, put them in a warm place about 25 ℃ to accelerate germination, and wash them with clean water once a day during germination. If the new seeds should be treated at 0: 5 ℃ in advance, the dormancy would be broken in about 7 days. (2) sowing selection: spring protected cultivation generally uses hotbed sowing and seedling raising in late March or April: open field cultivation in spring, sowing and raising seedlings in hotbed in mid-April; open field direct seeding in spring, sowing in small arch shed or plastic film in early May, summer and autumn, sowing in cold bed or open field in batches, sowing in 7 to 10 days. (3) sowing method: the visible cultivation method (direct seeding or seedling transplanting) adopts sowing cultivation or strip sowing, the seed amount per hectare is 60-70 kg, the strip sowing is about 10 cm apart, and the seed consumption is 30-37.5 kg per hectare. Drug-soil mulching should be used for seedling sowing in early spring to prevent sudden death. The suitable seedling age is 20 ~ 0 days, and the suitable planting period is 3 ~ 4 true leaves. Third, planting and field management generally take 5-7 days from sowing to germination. During germination, attention should be paid to moisturizing to prevent the soil from drying. When the height of the seedling is 2-3 cm and 1-2 true leaves, the seedlings are pulled out in the field to keep the distance between plants 1-2 cm. After shallow and middle ploughing, when the seedlings were planted at the stage of 3-4 true leaves, the temperature outside or in the greenhouse should be stable through 10 ℃. The distance between planting or fixing seedlings should be 4-6 cm. Watering the seedlings for the first time, watering the seedlings again after fixing the seedlings, and topdressing the available nitrogen fertilizer with the water. The seedlings can be harvested from time to time in the future. Fourth, the general growth period of Artemisia annua L. is 40 to 50 days. When the plant is about 20 centimeters high, it can be harvested with 12 true leaves. In order to keep the products fresh and tender, the harvest should be carried out in the morning. Untimely harvest and high temperature will lead to aging of stems and leaves, poor quality, or elongation of internodes, bolting and flowering. If you want to harvest many times, you can use a knife to leave 2-3 cm at the base of the main stem, and the tender stems and leaves will be tied up into 0.5 kg handfuls on the market. It is watered after cutting and can be harvested again in a month.