Techniques of grasping whole and strong seedlings in Hami melon planting

Hami melon in Altay City was sown in May, when the temperature was unstable. Through years of exploration and practice, we summed up a set of techniques for grasping whole seedlings and strong seedlings, which are introduced as follows. First, the land preparation cantaloupe land advocates turning in late autumn, the depth is more than 30 centimeters. The ditch was opened for fertilization at the beginning of April of the following year, and the direction of the ditch was the best in the north-south direction. The method of fertilization is to open a fertilizer ditch 30 cm deep along 60 cm to 65 cm on each side of the center of the melon ditch, and then sprinkle organic fertilizer and mixed chemical fertilizer, applying 10 kg of urea, 15 kg of diammonium and 10 kg of potassium sulfate every 667 square meters. The ditch is mechanically opened and finished manually. The width of the upper mouth of the ditch is 80 cm 100 cm, the width of the lower mouth is 15 cm 20 cm, and the depth of the ditch is more than 40 cm. 2. One day before sowing, soak the seeds with 200 times 40% formaldehyde solution for 2 hours, rinse with clean water, drain and spray 100 times phoxim. The seeds to be sown are wrapped in gauze or cloth and placed in a cool place. Third, the length of the irrigation ditch before sowing shall not exceed 40 meters, and the middle canal shall be repaired when it exceeds, the difference between the horizontal plane of the ditch and the top of the ditch shall not exceed 10 cm, and when it exceeds, a rolling dam shall be built in the middle of the ditch to control the height of the water surface. Water should be irrigated twice before sowing, the first water is shallower and the second water is deeper, so that the water surface is as close to the top of the ditch as possible. Fourth, the method of sowing "planting first and then covering the film" is suitable for low temperature when sowing, or melon fields that need to be listed in advance and sown in advance. In May 2005, Altay City had 20 consecutive days of overcast, rainy and low temperature weather. All the seedlings sowed by this method were all seedlings and strong. The main techniques are as follows: when the water falls naturally before sowing, after planing along the water level with a planer and rake, a small hole with a depth of 7 cm 9 cm and a diameter of 10 cm is hoed with willow leaves 5 cm away from the edge of the ditch, with 2 to 3 seeds in each hole, and then covered with 1 cm thick moist soil, and then lightly suppressed with a semi-clenched fist, so that the seeds are in full contact with the soil, so that the seeds can absorb water and germinate, then spread the film and hit the belt. 5-7 days after sowing, the seeds can be germinated and unearthed. As the seedlings grow in a small greenhouse, it is very conducive to the growth and development of seedlings. The method of "covering film before sowing" is suitable for cantaloupe with higher temperature or later sowing date. When the water falls naturally before sowing, plane along the water level with a planer and rake, then lay the film, pay attention to hitting a belt every 5 meters, after the film is laid, point the seeds in the wet soil 5 centimeters away from the edge of the ditch and 2 centimeters deep, gently press the soil with your hands, so that the seeds are in full contact with the soil, and sprinkle it with dry soil 1 centimeters thick. Fifth, in the seedling stage management, the strip field which is planted first and then covered with film should pay attention to prevent hot seedlings at high temperature. After emergence, with the increase of temperature, a stick with a diameter of 1.5 cm was sharpened at one end, and a small hole was pierced in the side of the seedling. With the growth of the seedling and the increase of temperature, the hole gradually increased, based on the principle of not scalding the seedling. If the film is laid before planting, attention should be paid to prevent soil hardening and strong wind. When it rains after sowing, the hardening should be broken so that the seedlings can be unearthed. After they are unearthed, block a large piece of soil or stone in the upwind of the seedlings, or pile up the soil to prevent the wind. 6. timely seedling determination is carried out when the seedlings have 4 or 5 true leaves. Select a cold afternoon or cloudy day in the strip field where the seeds are first planted and then covered with film. The release and setting of seedlings are completed at one time, and a robust seedling is released. The rest of the seedlings, together with weeds, are pressed with plastic film and then sealed with the soil. One strong seedling was selected in the strip field which was first covered with plastic film and then planted, and the other roots were pulled out and sealed the soil.