Planting techniques of precocious cauliflower

Precocious cauliflower, listed before and after the National Day, welcomed by the public, the price is high, the output value per mu is about 4000 yuan. However, the growing period of early cauliflower is short, the cultivation techniques are very high, and the flower heads are small and loose, and there are many hairy flowers, which have no commercial value and reduce yield and harvest, and many vegetable farmers do not dare to plant. How to plant early cauliflower? It is necessary to grasp the following key measures: first, early-maturing cauliflower in protected areas should be sown in late June, and the seedling age should not exceed 35 days. At this stage, the temperature in Guangdong is high and there are many Rain Water, so it is necessary to adopt protected areas to raise seedlings. That is, the plastic greenhouse is covered with film, the skirt edge is removed, and the conditional skirt edge is covered with an anti-insect net, which can not only be ventilated and protected from rain, but also reduce insect pests. 1. Seedbed requirements: drainage ditches are opened all around, cabbage crops have not been planted in the previous crop, and 10 days before sowing, turn deeply into the sun to make the soil fully ripe. 2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer: 100 piculs of rotten organic fertilizer per mu and 20 piculs of commercial organic fertilizer as flour fertilizer. 3. Sparse sowing: the sowing rate is 0.5 kg per mu (imported varieties, pot seedlings, with about 20 grams of seeds), so that the seedlings are sparse and uniform. After sowing, double-layer mulch with non-woven cloth and sunshade net, moisturizing and cooling, watering some water every evening to keep the soil moist, to ensure that 3Mel seedlings can be planted for 4 days. Non-woven fabrics and sunshade nets should be removed as soon as possible after the seedlings are collected. 4. Small seedlings: seedlings can be picked up 18 days after emergence, with a density of 4 inches square. The nursery bed for setting up seedlings should also do a good job of preparing for ploughing. The surface of the border should be smooth, the fertilizer should be adequate, and the ditch system should be smooth. The raising of seedlings should be carried out after 4 o'clock in the afternoon. It should be watered thoroughly before pulling seedlings, hurt the roots as little as possible, immediately after setting up the seedlings, water the roots, cover the shade net, remove it in the evening, water again the next morning, cover the shade net, water the shade net again in the evening, remove the shade net, and water it evenly within three days to ensure that the trees are alive, and the shade net can be removed after the trees are alive. 2. Planting 1. Field preparation: apply sufficient basic fertilizer, apply 100 piculs of rotten organic fertilizer per mu, add 100 jin of special fertilizer for vegetables, or 150 jin of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, with a width of 2 meters, a deep ditch with a height of 25m and a horizontal ditch of 30 meters. The ditch system for planting cauliflower must be unobstructed and the rain ditch is dry. 2. Planting: it can be planted in 17 days after setting up seedlings, and the age of seedlings can not exceed 35 days, and it is best to master it in 30 words for 33 days. The over-age of early cauliflower seriously affects the quality and yield of flower head. Four plants are planted on the 2-meter border, the distance between the plants is 45-50cm, and the soil should be taken when transplanting. The seedling bed should be watered thoroughly in the morning before seedling emergence, and it should be planted in the afternoon. Within three days after planting, water should be watered once in the morning and evening to promote the survival of trees. 3. Field management 1. Weeding in the middle ploughing: after planting, due to repeated watering and border hardening, the soil should be loosened in time to make the border loose and conducive to growing. In the future, the soil will be loosened twice before the closure. 2. Topdressing: cauliflower needs a large amount of fertilizer. After planting live plants, topdressing should be done once to promote growth. In the early stage of budding, that is, heavy fertilizer should be applied once during the differentiation of new leaves, and 20 kg of compound fertilizer should be applied per mu, and then compound fertilizer should be applied again in the bud stage depending on the growth of cauliflower. 3. Pest control: cauliflower soft rot, black rot and downy mildew are the main diseases. The disease is serious in high temperature and humidity. There are many kinds of insect pests, such as aphids, cabbage moth, Plutella xylostella and cabbage armyworm. Vegetable farmers should do a good job in prevention and control in time, especially in the seedling stage. Must be eliminated. 4. Timely harvest: early cauliflower should be harvested in time because of its short ripening period and high temperature.