Cultivation techniques for stable and High yield of Buckwheat

Mustard belongs to seed plant phylum, angiosperm class, dicotyledonous plant Polygonaceae. The variety has high nutritional value, cool, anti-inflammatory, help digestion, anti-aging and other health functions, with an average yield of about 100 kg per mu. Increasing the per unit yield of buckwheat and increasing the total yield play a positive role in promoting the development of catering industry, processing industry and medical and health care industry. 1. The soil selection of buckwheat is not strict to the soil, generally choose the middle and upper fertility land is better. two。 Fine soil preparation, improve sowing quality requires a tillage depth of about 20 cm, put an end to shallow tillage or no-tillage. Ploughing the land fine, raking flat, and removing the residue and weeds of previous crops, so that the topsoil is loose, which is conducive to sowing and seedling emergence, and pay attention to ditch drainage. 3. Rational fertilization (1) apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, apply 500kg to 1000kg per mu of rotten farm manure, turn it into the soil together during soil preparation, and apply urea 3kg / mu, phosphate fertilizer 15kg / mu, potash fertilizer 3kg / mu or compound fertilizer 15kg / mu when sowing, and mix seeds with 50kg fine farm fertilizer. (2) skillfully applying topdressing 3kg urea per mu before blooming. 4. Grasp the best season and sow at the right time. (1) according to the actual conditions of various places, sweet buckwheat or buckwheat can be selected, and large, full and complete seeds can be selected by wind selection, screening and grain selection. Dry the seeds for 1-2 days before sowing, increase the germination rate, enhance the germination potential, and ensure the whole seedling and strong seedling. (2) timely sowing requires sowing as early as possible without competing with other crops to avoid frost damage in the later stage. The planting in alpine and cold areas should be finished before the Beginning of Autumn, and in other areas no later than August 20 at the latest. Generally, the sowing rate per mu is 5-8 kg, and strip sowing or on-demand sowing is used to make the seeds evenly distributed in the ditch and keep the row width at about 20 cm. 5. Strengthen field management and control pests and weeds in time (1) weeding is carried out manually for the first time when the seedlings grow to 6-8 cm, and the second time before flowering, combined with soil cultivation, buckwheat lodging can be prevented, which is beneficial to high yield. (2) insect control is mainly at flowering stage and supplemented at seedling stage. Kung fu, enemy killing and other pesticides were sprayed with 600 × 700 times water for 2 times and 3 times, once every 6 days. (3) Buckwheat is a cross-pollinated crop, which is mainly pollinated by insects and wind during flowering, combined with artificial pollination to improve the seed setting rate. Artificial pollination on a sunny day at 9: 11 in the morning, two people use a long rope to pull along the wind and gently brush buckwheat flowers back and forth, the plant moves lightly to achieve the purpose of pollination, usually once every 2 or 3 days, 2 or 3 times. 6. Timely harvest buckwheat infinite inflorescence, blossom while bearing seeds, easy to drop seeds, mature and inconsistent. It is generally required that 70% of the seeds of the whole plant can be harvested when they are mature. It is recommended to harvest early in the morning, cut gently during harvest, thresh on the spot or move to the sun field for threshing.