Tomato and its efficient cultivation techniques

1 Virgin fruit, also known as grape tomato, cherry tomato. Except for all the nutrients of tomato, its vitamin content is 1.7 times higher than that of ordinary tomato. The nutritional value of virgin fruit is better than that of common tomato. Virgin fruit contains special substances such as glutathione and lycopene, which can promote the growth and development of the human body, especially the growth and development of children, and increase human resistance and delay human aging. Lycopene from virgin fruit can protect the human body from carcinogenic toxins from cigarettes and car exhaust, and improve the anti-cancer function of the human body. Lycopene in tomato products can not only prevent cancer, but also fight cancer. And its shape is small and exquisite, the color is gratifying, sour and sweet is palatable, use a knife to cut a "cross" with a deep fruit length of 1 big 3 from one end of the pedicel, mix sugar or honey, the flavor is better, it is a famous cold dish decoration material, and it is also the main course of high-grade banquets in hotels and hotels. In addition, potted cherry tomatoes have been gradually put on the hall by hotels, hotels and families as potted vegetables for ornamental use because of their elegant shape. Therefore, the cherry tomato can be called "into the kitchen, out of the hall," one of the modern fashionable fruits and vegetables. 2Variety selection of cultivation technique 2.1. Select varieties with strong disease resistance, such as amethyst, red sun and Venus. 2.2 cultivate strong seedlings. Before sowing, soak the seeds in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 20 ~ 30 min, remove and wash them, soak them in clean water for 4 ~ 6 hours, dry them for 2 days, and then sow them. Because of the high price of seeds, nutrition bowls or bags are often used to raise seedlings, and sparse sowing must be used if flat beds are used. 2.3 apply sufficient base fertilizer and plant in time. It is generally required to apply high quality organic fertilizer 5 ~ 8 m ~ 3, potassium sulfate 50 ~ 100 kg, plant ash 200 kg, diammonium phosphate 50 kg and rotten cake fertilizer 500 kg per 667m2. After deeply turning and leveling the land, ridging according to large and small rows, large row spacing 90 cm, small row spacing 60 cm, ridge height 15 cm. When ridging, the rotten cake fertilizer can be applied to the bottom of the ridge. It was planted when the height of the seedling was 15 cm and the plant had 5 ~ 6 true leaves. The planting distance is 40 ~ 45 cm, and 2000 ~ 2200 plants are planted per 667m2. 2.4 strengthen the management of cultivation techniques 2.4.1 Fertilizer and water management. Pour enough bottom water, after the soil layer is slightly loose, hoe and loosen the soil to promote rooting. The first ear fruit should be ploughed 2 ~ 3 times before sitting, and squatting seedlings should be carried out. The first ear fruit should be fertilized and watered in time after sitting, and the ternary compound fertilizer should be applied 15 ~ 20 kg per 667m2 each time. The interval between fertilization and watering should be controlled flexibly according to plant growth and weather changes. 2.4.2 prune the hanging vine. Hang the vine with plastic rope when the first inflorescence is in bloom. The cherry tomato is pruned by double-vine pruning method, that is, one main vine and one strong side vine are left, and the other side branches or sun branches are wiped out in time. 2.4.3 flowers and fruits, thinning flowers and fruits. The main causes of tomato falling flowers and fruits are too high or too low temperature, lack of light, lack of nutrients, incoordination of fertilizer and water, and so on. The solution, in addition to taking corresponding measures for the above reasons, hormone treatment is also a common method. The concentration of 10 ~ 15 mg/kg can be used for the flower stalk of 2meme 4murd. The tomato flower stalk has 3 nodes, and the effect is the best when you point the flower stalk to the second section or the second node. If the family planting does not use hormones in winter, cross-pollination can be carried out, otherwise the seedlings will not bear fruit. If you break the top accidentally during pollination, you can cut it in the soil to avoid direct sunlight in the first few days, and you can still survive. Cherry tomato can sit more than 30 per panicle, in order to keep the fruit large and uniform, improve the commodity, it is necessary to timely thinning flowers and fruits, generally leaving 10 ~ 15 fruits per ear. 2.5 Disease and pest control. Like common tomatoes, cherry tomatoes are prone to gray mold, early blight, late blight, navel rot, tea yellow mites, whitefly and so on. Agricultural cultivation, physical control and scientific use of chemical pesticides should be adopted. Under the premise of strengthening field management, ① can be smoked and sprayed with 30% chlorothalonil smoke remover and powder, or sprayed with 20% mancozeb 400-500 times solution. ② leaf mold can be sprayed with 25% methyl topiramate 600 times or 20% mancozeb 400 ~ 500 times. ③ Botrytis cinerea can be sprayed with 1 000 ~ 1 500 times of 20% Sukeling. ④ navel rot should be more calcium sulfate fertilizer, foliar spraying 0.5% calcium chloride solution or 1% calcium superphosphate solution; within 1 week after planting, add a small amount of methyl topiramate or chlorothalonil and other disease prevention drugs, plus flour (that is, 904100g ml + 50g medicine + 250g flour), paste with water, coated on the stem, the disease control effect is good. ⑤ sprinkled quicklime in the area where bacterial wilt occurred. ⑥ sprayed 96% copper sulfate 1000 times in the early stage of late blight.