Introduction of barley in different places

Special attention must be paid to the following four issues of principle: ⑴ should make clear the introduction goal: to find out what kind of barley varieties are needed locally and what is the urgent purpose of introduction. If it is for food and feed, the varieties with high protein content and high yield should be introduced; if it is used for beer production, the varieties with moderate protein content and high starch content should be introduced. ⑵ should pay attention to variety characteristics: understanding the winter and spring characteristics of barley varieties is an important basis for cross-regional introduction. For the variety types in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the overwintering temperature in some areas is not too low, and they are required to be precocious by the tillage system. therefore, the ecotypes of some varieties are precocious in spring. In some areas, the temperature is low, the ripening period is not strict, and the ecotypes of some varieties are winter or semi-winter mid-maturity or mid-late maturity. ⑶ should pay attention to the origin of varieties: the exchange of improved varieties should be carried out in different regions and different soil qualities; there should be certain differences between regions and conditions that can improve the characteristics of varieties. The introduction of early-maturing and medium-maturing varieties from the north in the southern region can adapt to the conditions of high temperature and short sunshine in the south; it is difficult to successfully introduce varieties with low altitude in high altitude areas; it is easy to succeed in similar ecological areas. The introduction experiment of ⑷ should be carried out: after introducing new varieties, do not popularize and plant in large areas at once, but first do trial observation in small areas, compare varieties and cultivation experiments, test their local performance and adaptability, explore suitable cultivation and management measures, and evaluate their utilization value and the prospect of popularization. The introduction and domestication experiment of barley generally goes through four steps. Observation experiment in the first year: planting in the plot, screening varieties with good comprehensive characters and adaptability, and mixed selection of excellent individual plants for plot yield test next year. The second year yield test: compare the yield with the control varieties, and continue to study the adaptability of the varieties. The fine breed moves on to the next procedure. Multi-site experiment and cultivation experiment in the third year: continue to study the adaptability and yield of varieties, understand the cultivation characteristics of varieties, experiment, demonstration and reproduction. Okay, accelerate reproduction next year. Propagation and promotion in the fourth year: systematic seed selection experiment was carried out at the same time.