Planting techniques of Organic Waxberry (2)

Fertilization 1, fertilization period, fertilizer application amount: according to the age, growth potential and soil quality of bayberry, take scientific. Formula fertilization. 2. Young trees are mainly "promoting" and pay attention to the application of available fertilizers. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be about 0.8 to 0.8, in order to promote the growth of branches, expand the crown as soon as possible, and apply fertilizer 2-3 times a year. 3. The main purpose of adult trees is to promote fruit and improve quality, and the suitable ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1: 0.3: 4. 4. Base fertilizer: it is mainly rotten stable manure, compost and cake fertilizer in October every year. Adult trees are required to apply cake fertilizer 3kg plus rotten stable fertilizer 10kg per plant in sandy soil, 3kg plus rotten stable fertilizer 15kg per plant in alluvial soil and red soil. 5. Strong fruit fertilizer: it is applied before the summer shoot in May every year, mainly with available nitrogen and potassium fertilizer. Adult trees are required to apply 5-7kg plant ash (or urea 1kg) and potassium sulfate of 3kg per plant in sandy soil, and potassium sulfate of 1kg in alluvial soil and red soil. 6. Topdressing: for the adult trees with the phenomenon of fruiting every other year, the fruit can be applied less in the small year, but must be applied in the big year. It is mainly compound fertilizer from the end of June to the first ten days of July every year, and the use amount of phosphate fertilizer should be strictly controlled. Generally, the application rate of each plant should not exceed 0.3kg every two years. Adult trees are required to apply plant ash 10kg and vegetable cake 1.5kg. Pay attention to the application of trace element fertilizer. 7. Fertilization method: young trees adopt the method of deep application by expanding holes year by year. Adult trees should adopt the methods of surface application, strip application and soil mulching, and fertilizer should be avoided by opening large holes or ring ditches. Control of the amount of flowers and fruits 1. For weak trees and trees with too many flower buds, the number of flower buds should be controlled. 2. For prosperous trees and trees with too little fruit, reasonable methods can be used to inhibit summer and autumn shoot growth and promote flower bud formation when the shoot length reaches 1.0cm in summer and autumn. 7. The ripening period of organic bayberry fruit is not the same at the right time and needs to be harvested in batches. Picking can begin when 20% of the fruit of the whole tree is ripe, usually once a day or every other day. It is appropriate to harvest in the early morning or evening to avoid harvesting in rainy days or early sunny days after rain. Organic bayberry fruit has no pericarp protection and is easy to scratch, so it should be picked, put and transported lightly. The picked fruit is placed at the bottom and surrounded by fresh ferns or firewood in small bamboo baskets or small bamboo baskets, which are packed with picking to reduce extrusion. Each basket (pineapple) should not exceed 5kg, so as to make the fruit intact, fresh and marketable. Integrated pest control 1. Control requirements: protect the normal growth of bayberry, enhance the resistance of the tree, promote ecological balance, improve the effect of prevention and control, control environmental pollution and save costs. 2. The principle of prevention and control: in accordance with the general policy of "giving priority to prevention and comprehensive control", on the basis of agricultural control, according to the law of the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, according to local conditions, rational use of biological control, physical and mechanical control and other measures, economic, safe and effective control of diseases and insect pests. 3. Prevention and control measures: strictly implement the plant quarantine system prescribed by the state to prevent the spread and spread of quarantine diseases and pests. The main results are as follows: (1) combined with pruning, cutting off disease and insect branches and dead branches, removing fallen leaves and burning after the beginning of spring, reducing the source of diseases and insect pests, strengthening cultivation and management, enhancing and improving the resistance of trees, and creating environmental conditions that are not conducive to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. (2) protect and utilize natural enemies, play the role of biological control, use beneficial organisms to eliminate pests, expand the scope of application of insect control with insects and bacteria, so as to maintain the ecological balance of nature. (3) strengthen the prediction and forecast of diseases and insect pests to achieve timely and accurate prevention and control.