Post-harvest management of litchi and longan

First, to cultivate the fruiting mother branch is to attack the autumn shoot well and improve the growth potential. 1. Litchi (1) Old trees, weak trees or adult trees with many fruits, using the autumn shoot as the fruiting mother branch, can apply an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer and spray Zengguoling (produced in Guangxi) before fruit harvest, so as to increase the fruit and maintain the tree potential, and re-apply budding fertilizer in mid-August and late August. Every 50 kg fresh fruit sprinkled (or sprinkled) 2 jin of compound fertilizer, spray fruit ling, promote autumn buds to sprout at the end of August, and mature at the end of November. (2) for mature trees with appropriate amount of fruit, with the second autumn shoot as the fruiting mother branch, "marriage fertilizer" should be applied 15 days before fruit harvest, 1.5 kg compound fertilizer should be applied according to 50 kg fresh fruit, 0.5 kg urea or 0.5 kg mature peanut bran should be added, rinse the tree plate and spray Zengguoling on the leaves. Strive for sprouting at the end of July and the beginning of August. After the first autumn bud, when the top leaves turn green, apply compound fertilizer once to accelerate their ripening in September, apply once more fertilizer and spray Zengguoling to accelerate budding, promote them to sprout in late September, spread leaves in early October, and mature around the end of November. (3) the young and strong fruiting trees should draw autumn buds three times and take the third autumn shoot as the fruiting mother branch. On the basis of the application of "marriage fertilizer", the budding fertilizer was applied in each shoot period, and the fruit spirit was sprayed to accelerate the budding. After pushing out the buds, apply strong shoot fertilizer after spreading leaves in time. Near maturity and then apply budding fertilizer, and spray increased fruit Ling to accelerate budding. If you do this repeatedly, you will be able to mature in autumn at the end of November or December. 2. Longan should adjust the emergence period of fruit mother branch in a planned way from harvest. If you put the shoot twice, you should re-apply compound fertilizer 10 seconds 20 days before fruit harvesting, 0.5ml 0.75 kg per plant, 0.2 kg urea, and spray Zengguoling once on the leaf. Postharvest fertilizer is applied immediately after fruit harvest, and the dosage is the same as above. After the autumn shoot matured for the first time, the budding fertilizer was applied and the fruit was sprayed to produce the fruiting mother branch from the end of September to the first ten days of October. If you plan to put a shoot as a fruiting mother branch, apply strong fruit fertilizer before harvest, apply 1 kg compound fertilizer per plant, and spray Zengguoling once to increase the fruit and restore the tree potential. Apply budding fertilizer and spray fruit Ling at the end of August or the beginning of September in order to harvest the fruiting mother branch in September. Litchi, longan in the process of shoots, often mature prematurely autumn shoots encounter high temperature, wet years, may burst winter shoots, winter shoot germination, can be sprayed with chemicals, the Beginning of Winter before and after the crown spray ethephon 60m 80ml (longan with 50m 60ml), plus paclobutrazol 3Muk 4 taels or penicillin 2 taels or longer 1 Liang to water 50kg. It can also be sprayed with 2200 times flower regulating liquid to remove winter buds and promote flower buds. Second, the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests in the autumn shoot leaf expansion period, the main anti-feeding leaf and shoot borer and stem borer, leaf roll, gall mites, etc., with 10% Mianbaike 3000 times solution or isocarbophos, Wanling, dichlorvos spray in the autumn shoot just sprouting. Longan should control both litchi bug and horncheek planthopper when the summer shoot grows from late June to July, when the summer shoot is 10cm, 2000 times or 1500 times to control both litchi bug and horned planthopper. In mid-September, the autumn shoot germinated to 8 cm, and 2.5% of the enemy killed 3000 times of the solution or 10% of the 3000-fold solution to control the sharp moth, stem borer, Hai wheat moth and other pests such as wood lice and litchi bugs. Third, apply overwintering fertilizer and apply overwintering fertilizer at the end of November and the beginning of December after the mother branch is mature. Outside the crown dripping line, dig the total length of the tree circumference by product shape or four points on the opposite side, account for the total length of the tree circumference 1mm 4mer 1pm, ditch depth and width 40cm each, dry the roots for 1 week after digging ditches, and then mix well with 1 jin of lime first, and then mix with the dug root soil into the ditch, the first advantage is to cut off part of the root system to prevent the occurrence of winter buds, and the second is to force the tree to stop growing. It helps to form flower buds. The third is to apply fertilizer to maintain the differentiation of flower buds and the growth of flower organs to ensure strong flowers. In addition, the tree plate is turned 10ml 15cm deep, which has the effect of cutting roots to prevent winter buds. 4. after the mother branch is ripe, a set winter shearing will be carried out around the middle of December. Cut off shady branches, weak branches, overdense branches, overlapping branches, disease and insect branches, the degree of pruning, so that sunlight can be seen passing through the green leaf layer at noon, and it is appropriate to form a large number of light spots the size of copper coins on the tree plate. For new shoots, there are 3 branches left for each branch, and too many should be cut off to facilitate the formation of flowers.