How to prevent premature senescence of ginger

The seedling stage of ginger is long and grows slowly. after the weather turns cool in autumn, its aboveground stems and leaves and underground roots enter the vigorous growth period at the same time. On the one hand, a large number of branches occur on the ground, and the underground ginger pieces expand rapidly on the other side, and the growth rate is greatly accelerated. Therefore, this period is the key period of cultivation management. According to the growth law of ginger, in order to increase the yield and prevent premature senescence, the following measures should be taken in management: sufficient topdressing should be carried out in autumn to promote ginger growth and rhizome expansion. The standard of fertilization is: 3000 kg of rotten chicken manure, 70 kg of cake fertilizer and 20 kg of ammonium sulfate per mu (cake fertilizer can be replaced by 75 kg of cooked black beans or soybeans, and ammonium sulfate can be replaced by urea). For the plots that have been applied with diammonium and urea, chicken manure can be applied with irrigation. When ginger seedlings have more than 6 branches, fertilize ammonium sulfate (or urea) 20 kg per mu and potassium sulfate 10 kg per mu to prevent premature senescence. When there are a large number of branches and rhizomes of watered ginger, the water demand increases obviously. In order to meet the moisture requirements of this period, it should be watered in time according to the weather conditions. However, if it is watered too hard and too often, it will also cause rotten roots and seeds, and premature senescence of stems and leaves. Therefore, it is common to water every 4-6 days (ginger interplanted under fruit trees can be watered less or not according to specific conditions), in order to keep the soil moist. The seedling stage of timely weeding ginger is in the high temperature and rainy season, which is full of weeds; in the prosperous period, the condition of water and fertilizer is good, and the breeding ability of weeds is also strong. If weeding is not timely, grass and ginger seedlings compete for fertilizer, water and sunshine, ginger seedlings are prone to poor growth. Therefore, weeding should be carried out in time to prevent premature senescence caused by grass bullying seedlings. Timely cultivation of ginger roots requires dark and moist conditions. In order to prevent the rhizome from being exposed to the ground after expansion, soil cultivation should be carried out in time. In early autumn, the soil on the back of the ditch was cultivated at the base of the plant by combining weeding and "big topdressing" for the first time, and then combined with watering for the second and third time. The interval between two times of soil cultivation is 10-15 days, and each time the soil is 5-6 cm. The ridge surface is gradually thickened and widened to create suitable conditions for the growth of the rhizome. In the middle and later stage of ginger growth, chemical fertilizer essence, vegetable special fertilizer and urea aqueous solution can be selected for foliar spraying in order to prolong leaf photosynthesis time, improve photosynthetic efficiency, promote plant growth and development and prevent leaf premature senescence. Especially for ginger seedlings with poor growth (including weak seedlings and yellowed ginger seedlings), foliar fertilizer spraying can be carried out early and the frequency of fertilizer spraying can be increased. According to the market situation, ginger can be harvested and sold in the prosperous period of ginger (also known as "pickled ginger"). The method is as follows: peel off the soil along the sowing direction, expose the ginger, press the stem of the ginger seedling with the left hand, and gently lift the ginger with the right hand to separate it from the plant. Be careful not to shake the ginger seedlings to prevent premature senescence of the injured roots. seal the ditch in time after taking out the ginger. It is not suitable to plant ginger for weak ginger seedlings, so as to avoid artificial premature senility. In order to ensure the high yield of ginger, greenhouse protection should be carried out before the first frost to prolong its growth time (according to relevant expert research and practical experience, if the harvest time of ginger is delayed by 1 day, the yield can be increased by about 50 kg per mu). The temperature of the arch shed is controlled at 25 ℃ ~ 28 ℃ in daytime and 15 ℃ ~ 18 ℃ at night. Generally do not water, but should pay attention to the air, to prevent harmful gas damage. In this way, the growth period of ginger can be extended by about 20 days.