Seed Production Techniques of Auricularia auricula

(1) the preparation of the mother seed is made into an inclined culture medium with a test tube, and the original test tube seed is inoculated (the mother seed that is reserved and used for production is the mother seed, which can be used to enlarge the original seed. 1. Medium formula 1 comprehensive potato medium 200g glucose 20g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2g magnesium sulfate 0.5g vitamin B110mg Agar 20g PH value natural formula II synthetic medium potato 20g glucose 20g potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2g egg Peptone 10 grams of beef extract 5 grams of yeast extract 5 grams of magnesium sulfate 0.8g water 1000 ml PH value of natural 2. The preparation method of the culture medium first washed and peeled the potatoes and cut them into thin slices Weigh 200g, add 1000 ml of water, boil 15ml for 20 minutes, filter with 4 layers of gauze, take the filtrate and replenish the water to 1000 ml, add 20 grams of Agar, reheat, dissolve in Agar, and then add drugs in other formulations. The sub-packing of the culture medium should be carried out before the culture and solidification (40 ℃ of Agar medium), generally using a funnel, or bottling separately, a soft rubber tube is connected at the lower end, and a water section of the glass tube is connected under the rubber tube. A water-stop spring clip is installed on the rubber tube, and the thin mouth of the glass tube is inserted into the test tube during sub-packaging, but do not touch the tube wall. After loading, put on the cotton plug and tie a bundle of every 10 test tubes. The cotton plug is sealed with plastic paper and tied up with string. 3. Sterilization, tie up the test tubes after sub-packaging, put them into a high-pressure steam sterilizer and sterilize them at a pressure of 1kg / cm (121cm) for 20 minutes, so that all microorganisms including bud color are killed. When the pressure drops to 0 degrees, slowly release the gas from the pot, while the culture medium is not solidified, put the test tube into a bevel. 4. Inoculation and culture, the bacteria were inserted into the inclined surface of the test tube by aseptic operation, and the temperature was lowered to 24 ℃ after 3 days. After about 15 days, the hyphae covered the whole inclined surface of the test tube and became the mother species. (2) the original seed and the mother seed of preparation are inoculated on the culture medium of the original seed, and the original seed is the original seed after extensive propagation and breeding, and the original seed is generally packed in a jar or bag. Formula 1 sawdust wheat bran medium 78% wheat bran 20% sugar 1% gypsum powder 1% water 65% PH value natural formula two cottonseed hull sawdust mixed medium cottonseed hull 90% sugar 1% wheat bran 5% superphosphate 3% gypsum powder 1% PH value 1%. Mix and bag fresh and mildew-free raw materials According to the quantity required for production, the total amount of ingredients is calculated, wheat bran and gypsum powder are evenly mixed in the culture material, sugar and calcium superphosphate are dissolved in hydrolysis, and water is added according to the amount of dry material mentioned above, the proportion is 1:1 and 3, and the water content of the culture material is 60%. The water content should be dripping between the fingers of the culture material by hand. After being stuffed for 30 minutes, bottle (bag). Slightly compacted by mechanical or manual bagging. (the size of the plastic bag is usually 9 cm 21 cm, 04, that is, while the bag is 9 cm wide, 21 cm long and 4 cm thick.) solid, put a plastic ring into the mouth of the bag to form a bottle, and then plug it into the mouth of the bag to fit the cotton stopper or wrap it with Kraft paper. There are two original sterilization methods, high pressure sterilization and atmospheric pressure sterilization. High pressure sterilization is also known as pressurized steam sterilization, the principle of sterilization: sterilization under the condition of high temperature (120 ℃) and high pressure (1 kg / cm 2) for 2 to 3 hours, killing all microorganisms including spores. Atmospheric pressure sterilization is called circulation steam sterilization. Due to the difference of sterilization equipment, conditions and basic factors, the temperature varies from 90 to 103 ℃, and its thermal and penetrating power is not strong. It is maintained for enough time at a certain temperature to achieve the purpose of sterilization, usually at 100 ℃ for 10 hours. 4. Inoculation and culture, whether inoculated in a vaccination box or inoculation room, before inoculation, the inoculation box or inoculation room should be disinfected with 0 or 2% of lesbian water or bleach powder. Then put the sterilized bottle (bag) into the inoculation box or inoculation room, irradiate with ultraviolet light for 30 minutes, inoculate under aseptic conditions, or fumigate with aerosol before inoculation. That is, the doors and windows should be closed when the aerosol is ignited and disinfected. Inoculation room disinfection, a room needs to ignite 3 boxes of 50 grams aerosol; inoculation box disinfection each time with a weight of only 40 grams, but subdivided into 20 packets of which 2 packets can be ignited (2 grams each). Generally 18 × 180 cm, each test tube of the mother seed can be connected to 6 bottles (bags) of the original seed. Put the inoculated strain bottle (bag) into the bacteria room for culture. The temperature of the culture room is 22: 26 ℃, the relative humidity is less than 80%, and the light is weakly scattered light. Good ventilation should be maintained during the bacteria-producing period. It takes 40 days from the inoculation of the original seed to the mycelium growing in the bottle (bag). (3) preparation of cultivated species and further propagation of the original species, that is, cultivated species. The cultivated species are generally prepared in plastic bags with specifications of 15 × 33 × 0,05 and sealed with no cotton cover. One bottle of original seed can be used for 50 bottles (bags) of cultivated species. The formula of culture medium, material mixing, bagging, sterilization, inoculation and germicidal management were consistent with those of the original seed prepared with plastic bags. (4) Identification of strain quality the quality of strain is not only related to the success of bacteria, but also related to the yield and benefit. The quality identification of bacteria has two meanings: one is whether the isolated and cultured strains are needed for cultivation. The second is whether the strain is an excellent strain. The normal mycelium of Auricularia auricula should be white and vigorous. After 45 days of culture, chrysanthemum-shaped or plum-blossom-shaped glial primordia will appear in bottles (bags) from top to bottom, and the color is bright brown to dark brown. If the bottom of the bottle (bag) accumulates yellowish liquid, or yellow mucus appears in the upper half, the culture medium shrinks, which is an expired aging strain and should be eliminated. If the mycelium of the strain appears a light black gelatinous ear base only when it is sent to the bottle (bag) 1, 3, 1 and 2, it means that the strain matures precociously, or expands too many times, or because the light in the culture room is too strong. If the hyphae grow only one corner and do not spread, the culture medium may be too dry, too wet or uneven. If the spread of hyphae stops and there is an obvious inhibition line, it is mostly caused by miscellaneous bacteria. In the process of sending bacteria, miscellaneous bacteria should be detected in time.