What should I pay attention to when watering vineyards?

What is there to pay attention to watering the vineyard? Ask for advice on watering or controlling water according to the water demand of grapes in each waiting period, so as to ensure the normal growth and fruit of grapes. First, watering ① to promote sprouting water. From the sap flow and sprouting of grapevine in spring to 30-40 days before flowering. At this time, it is the spring drought season, grape sprouting, branching, leaf spreading, inflorescence continue to differentiate and grow, urgently need a lot of water, so it is necessary to irrigate 1-2 times until the root is thoroughly irrigated. But it should not be watered too much, so as not to affect the rise of ground temperature. ② watered the flowers before. In arid areas, water should be watered about 15 days before flowering, which is beneficial to flowering and fruit setting. ③ berries were watered during the expansion period. The period of berry expansion is from the end of physiological flower and fruit drop to 50-80 days before fruit coloring. The length of this period varies with different varieties. In this period, the new shoots grow vigorously, and the fruit begins to expand rapidly, which is the peak period for grape to absorb fertilizer and water. In addition, the temperature is high and the leaf evaporation is large. Generally, it should be watered every 10-15 days. In case of rainy days, there can be no irrigation or less watering. ④ was watered after applying basal fertilizer in autumn. From the harvest of the fruit to the sprouting of the second year, it is necessary to apply high-quality organic base fertilizer, which is generally called base fertilizer in autumn. When fertilizing, the ditch is required to be 0.6-0.8 meters deep, mix organic fertilizer with topsoil and backfill, and then fill it with enough water to make it firm to prevent ventilation. ⑤ poured frozen water at the right time. Watering in winter can increase the soil temperature and prevent frost damage. In the northern region, frozen water should be irrigated 10 days before the grapes are buried in cold soil in winter in order to improve the effect of cold protection and prevent root frost damage and early spring drought. Watering must be fully irrigated, with the soil reaching a saturated state as the standard, when the ground soil is slightly dry, and then bury the soil to prevent cold. Second, water control ① water control during flowering. The grape lasts 10-15 days from the early flowering stage to the last flowering stage. If the rain in the flowering stage will affect pollination and fertilization, it is easy to appear the phenomenon of large and small grains, and it is also easy to cause branches to grow, consume too much nutrition, seriously affect pollen germination, cause falling flowers and buds, and reduce production. ② berry coloring period should be properly controlled by water. Grape coloring period is not long, generally from the beginning of coloring to harvest, for 20-30 days, the middle irrigation can be done. Excessive moisture (or rainfall) during berry ripening will affect coloring and reduce quality, and it is also prone to anthracnose and white rot, and some varieties are also prone to fruit cracking. In order to improve the sugar content and quality of berries, attention should be paid to water control and drainage. Click to see more grape planting techniques click to see more fruit planting techniques