How to raise seedlings of balsam pear?

The seed epidermis of balsam pear is thick and hard. If the seeds are sown directly into the field, the water is not easy to infiltrate into the field, the germination is slow, the seedlings are unearthed uneven, and the rate of missing seedlings is relatively high. Therefore, seed soaking should be carried out before sowing. The main results are as follows: (1) in the method of accelerating germination, the seeds were soaked in warm water of about 55 ℃ for 10 minutes to sterilize. Then soak the balsam pear seeds in clean water for 4 hours at room temperature to fully absorb water and promote seed germination, then pick up the seeds, wash the gelatinous material on the seed coat, dry it a little, wrap it in a clean and moist cotton cloth, and put it in a 28-33 ℃ incubator to accelerate germination. If there is no incubator, you can put balsam pear seeds in a tile jar or iron bucket, hang a 40-kilowatt electric lamp on it, heat it day and night, and cover the cylinder mouth to maintain a constant temperature environment. Place a thermometer in a tile cylinder or iron barrel to keep the temperature at 28-33 ℃. When sprouting, you should check every morning and evening. If the temperature in the cylinder is low, increase the light bulb. If the temperature is too high, use a low wattage light bulb. (if you can use a temperature controller to control the temperature, the effect will be better). The seeds should be sprayed with water when they are dry to keep them moist. Balsam pear seeds began to germinate after soaking seeds for 30 hours and germinated completely in 2-3 days. In the process of accelerating germination, we should check frequently every day, pick out the germinated seeds and sow them. If mold has grown on the surface of the ungerminated seed, it should be washed with clean water and then germinated until the germination is complete. (2) plastic film greenhouse A greenhouse in which plastic film is used as transparent roof is called plastic film greenhouse. The temperature of plastic film can obtain perfect spectrum, and the effect of promoting seedling growth is better than that of glass greenhouse. Plastic film greenhouse has the advantages of easy construction, various configurations and low cost. At present, galvanized pipe arch shed or 600-meter steel strip arch shed or bamboo-wood structure arch shed are mostly used in the south of our country. (3) other seedling raising equipment is in the south of China, and shading seedlings are commonly used in hot summer. At present, the sunshade net is widely used. Sunshade net, also known as cool yarn and cold yarn, is a new type of agricultural covering material with light weight, high strength, aging resistance and network, which is woven with polyolefin resin as the main raw material. The width of the net is 900mm, 1500 mm, 1600 mm, 2000 mm and 2200 mm. The colors are black, silver gray, white, etc., and the shading rate is 2075%. The shading and cooling effect of the sunshade net, such as covering in hot summer, generally reduces the surface temperature by 4 ℃, and the ground temperature of 5 cm underground is 3 ℃ lower than that of the open field. Use a black sunshade net to cool down up to 9 ℃. After shading, the wind speed is slowed down, the humidity is increased, and the soil evaporation is reduced, so it has the effect of preserving soil moisture and preventing drought. In addition, the effect of preventing rainstorm is also very good. The preparation of nutrient soil for seedling cultivation is the basis of supplying water, nutrition and air for the growth and development of balsam pear seedlings. Good bed soil should be fertile, warm, soft and meticulous. It is generally required that the content of organic matter is 15% to 20%, the content of total nitrogen is more than 0.5%, the content of available nitrogen is more than 6 × 10-5, the content of available phosphorus is more than 10 × 10-5, and the content of available potassium is more than 10 × 10-6. Ph is about 6.5. Under normal circumstances, the above requirements can be achieved by adding 2 big 3 garden soil and 1 big 3 rotten pig, cow and chicken manure. Click to get more balsam pear planting techniques click to get more vegetable planting techniques