How to manage garlic planting?

How to manage garlic planting? Please introduce soil preparation, fertilization and fine soil preparation, so that the soil is fine and the ground is flat. The soil should be ploughed about 2 cm, and combined with soil preparation, the soil pH value should be controlled at about 5.5-0.6. If the root is too acid, the root tip becomes thicker and stops growing, while if it is too alkaline, the seed petal is easy to rot and the growth is poor. Garlic likes full-effect organic fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, so it advocates the method of "controlling nitrogen, increasing phosphorus, supplementing potassium and adding micro", applying nitrogen fertilizer 2can3 as base fertilizer and adding appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to ensure neat emergence, prevent premature senescence, organic fertilizer should be rotten, buried in the soil, especially cake fertilizer, it will lead to root maggots. At present, garlic production is mostly cultivated with plastic film mulching, so it is not suitable to topdressing during the growth of garlic. Before sowing, it is best to apply sufficient base fertilizer at one time combined with soil preparation, 6000 kg per mu of rotten high-quality ring fertilizer, 80 kg of rotten cake fertilizer, 50 kg of urea, 80 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 25 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 1.5 kg of zinc sulfate. The border type adopts small height wow, the border height is 8 cm-12 cm, the bottom width is 100 cm, the surface width is 70 cm, and the groove width is 20 cm-30 cm. The determination of sowing and cultivation season should be determined according to the purpose of garlic production and the requirements of external conditions in different growth stages of garlic, as well as the climatic conditions of each region. In general, the northern region takes 35-38 degrees north latitude as the dividing line between spring sowing and autumn sowing. The winter is not too cold in the area south of 35 degrees, and the seedlings can spend the winter in the open field. In the early summer of the following year, they are mainly sown in autumn, including Henan, Shandong, Guanzhong of Shaanxi Province and southern Shaanxi, southern Shanxi and southern Hebei. In the area north of 38 degrees, the winter is cold, and the seedlings are not easy to survive the winter safely, so it is appropriate to sow in early spring and harvest before and after the Summer Solstice. Mainly includes the northeast provinces, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, * *, northern Shaanxi, Shanxi, and northern Hebei. In the area between 35 degrees and 38 degrees, it can be sown in spring and autumn, such as northern Henan and so on. The growth period of garlic varies greatly according to sowing date and variety. The growth cycle of spring sowing garlic is short, generally 90 days-110 days, and autumn sowing garlic growth cycle is longer, generally 220 days-280 days. The selection of a suitable cultivation season is the key to a bumper harvest. Garlic cloves with large size, large and neat cloves, hard cloves, no injury, disease-free spots, white and fresh colors are selected as seeds. Garlic cloves are generally required to weigh more than 400 jin and soak with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times for 12 hours-16 hours before sowing to prevent fungal diseases. It is more appropriate to sow garlic from early September to early October. "Green garlic" is usually sown in August or earlier with garlic. The temperature in October is 16 ℃ and the ground temperature is 18 ℃-19 ℃. The height of garlic seedlings can reach more than 25 cm when overwintering, which is beneficial to overwintering safely. To sow garlic, first open a 10 cm deep sowing ditch according to 20 cm row spacing, and sprinkle a small amount of seed fertilizer. When sowing, arrange the seed petals in the ditch according to the large lobe 10 cm-15 cm, the middle lobe 9 cm-10 cm, and the small lobe 7 cm. Keep it upright, and the back of the valve is parallel to the sowing line (after emergence, the leaf direction is consistent, beneficial to the scenery, increase the yield), then cover 3 cm thick soil, water, while spraying the herbicide Acetochlor And then cover the film. When mulching plastic film, the plastic film is required to spread flat on the border surface without wrinkles, and there is no gap under the plastic film, so that the plastic film is close to the border surface so as not to breed weeds. Sowing "green garlic" should be more dense, with 40,000-50,000 seedlings per mu, which is not only beneficial to management, but also beneficial to high yield, but also can effectively restrain the occurrence of diseases, insect pests and weeds. In field management, autumn sowing garlic generally emerged 7-10 days after sowing, watered the second time after emergence, and watered the soil once before freezing (before Lesser Snow). After a few days, covered with wheat straw, cold and drought protection, wind barriers can be set up when it is too cold to ensure that garlic seedlings survive the winter safely. In the first and middle of March, the cover grass was removed in time and watered in sunny and warm weather, and 15kg-20kg of urea was applied with the water to promote the green growth of garlic seedlings as soon as possible. From the beginning of April to the end of April, water is watered once in 5 days-7 days according to soil moisture. From the beginning of May to May 20, it takes 4-6 days to water once, combined with watering to apply fertilizer, so as to shorten the time of yellow leaves when garlic leaves, and prevent an underground pest at the same time. Garlic bolting when bending. Stop watering 3-4 days before bolting. Garlic bolts should always keep the soil moist after harvest to promote the rapid increase of garlic until 2-3 days before harvest. Timely harvest 1. Garlic can be harvested after 60-70 days. The specific harvest time depends on the market situation. The output of early mining is low, but the benefit is not necessarily bad. Most of the harvesting methods are uprooted, shook off the soil and bundled up on the market, generally a large number of harvests should not be washed. It is also harvested at the base when the plant height is about 40 cm, and the fertilizer and water management is strengthened after cutting, and then the regenerated new leaves are pulled up. 2. Garlic stalk harvesting one is to cut the false stem with a knife, cut off the stem and pull it out, and then twist the garlic leaves to cover the wound. The second is to pull out the garlic bolts directly by hand. The yield of garlic bolts cut by knife is high, but the wound is easy to rot after rain. The yield of garlic bolting by hand is low, and it is necessary to have certain technology and less application. At present, the most commonly used method is to extract garlic bolts in the afternoon, pinch them again with their hands at the base of garlic seedlings, or pierce the base of garlic seedlings with nails, and then extract them, so that the garlic bolts extracted in this way will cause small wounds to garlic seedlings and have little effect on the growth of garlic seedlings. 3. Garlic can be harvested about 20 days after garlic stalk is harvested. If garlic bolts are not accepted, the expansion rate and yield of garlic will be affected. Garlic harvest can not wait until all the leaves on the ground withered, if not timely harvest in the rainy season, easy to rot, garlic cloves easy to spread, can not be stored, should not leave seeds. Click to get more garlic planting techniques click to get more vegetable planting techniques