How to grow sunflowers with high yield?

Some netizens called: now my hometown is planting sunflowers in a large area for rural tourism, but the local sunflowers have no experience. How can we grow good-looking and high-yielding sunflowers? Answer: in order to achieve high benefit, sunflowers should start from several aspects: a. Land selection and soil preparation of sunflowers are not very strict with previous crops. except for deep root crops such as sugar beet, cereal crops and leguminous crops are good previous crops of sunflowers. However, sunflower is not suitable for continuous cropping, avoid continuous cropping, and should not choose saline-alkali land and long-term stagnant water land for planting. It is not suitable for sunflowers to be sprayed with too long residual pesticides. It is better to prepare the soil in autumn, ridge and suppress in autumn, and prepare the sowing bed. Deep ploughing is beneficial to the growth of main and lateral roots, reducing the harm of underground pests, ploughing deep 20~30cm, leveling and raking fine. B. Fertilized sunflower is tolerant to barren. In order to make its high yield, sufficient base fertilizer and seed fertilizer should be applied. 10 tons of fermented manure or 1OOkg of diammonium phosphate, 25 kg of biological potassium fertilizer and 20 kg of urea were applied per hectare. The potassium requirement of sunflower is higher than that of other crops. C. Although the improved sunflower is more tolerant to low temperature, it is also a temperature-loving crop. Affected by short frost-free period, less light and insufficient accumulated temperature, early maturing varieties should be selected in Jianbian Farm of Heilongjiang Province, and the accumulated temperature of ≥ 5 ℃ is required to be 2000~21OO ℃. In 2005, the variety planted in the tenth resident group was Xinghuo 2. D. Dry the seeds for 2 days before sowing in order to improve the germination rate of seeds. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and downy mildew can be controlled by using 40% sclerotia net wettable powder with 0.5% seed amount or 35% metalaxyl with 0.3% seed amount. It should be sowed early at the right time, and the sowing date can be determined according to the variety and growth period. Jianbian Farm is usually from May 1 to 10. Using mechanical strip sowing or artificial hole sowing, sowing 3-4 seeds per hole, sowing 30-35 kg per hectare, depending on soil moisture, generally covering soil for about 5 cm, not shallower than 3 cm. The planting density of edible sunflower should be lower, and the seedlings should be protected by 1.9 ~ 20000 seedlings per hectare. E. Field management of ① seedlings and fixed seedlings: sunflower seedlings grow fast and develop early. In order to prevent seedlings from crowding and overgrowing, seedlings should be interspersed when 2 true leaves appear, and seedlings should not be fixed too late when 4 true leaves appear. ② intermediate ploughing and weeding: when the seedlings had 2 true leaves, the weeding was carried out with interseedlings; when 4 true leaves of seedlings, shoveling was carried out with fixed seedlings, leaving 1 strong seedling in each hole; when 6 true leaves, shoveling and soil cultivation was carried out for the third time to prevent lodging. ③ branching: some sunflower varieties have branching characteristics, once the branches appear, it will cause nutrient dispersion, affecting the development of the main stem disk. Therefore, when the plant bifurcates, it should be knocked out manually in time. F. Harvest when the back of the disk is yellowing, the edge of the disk is greenish, the petals are withered and withered, the bracts are yellow, the straw is old, the leaves are yellow, and the kernels do not have too much water. Cut the disk manually, use mechanical threshing or manual smashing, dry in time, and when the water content is reduced to 10% 12%, it can be bagged for storage and sale.