How to cultivate towel gourd with high yield

How to cultivate towel gourd with high yield? Please introduce towel gourd, also known as Tianluo, which is an annual climbing herb of Cucurbitaceae. Due to the high quality requirements of processing and export products, corresponding cultivation techniques are needed to achieve high quality and high yield. after years of production practice of loofah cultivation, the main cultivation techniques are introduced. 1. Sowing seedlings 1. Towel gourd seedling bed preparation towel gourd seedling bed should choose the plot with shelter from the wind and sun for a long time as the breeding ground, and apply the basic seed fertilizer 10-15 days in advance, mainly with mature organic fertilizer, and prepare the nutrition bowl 1-3 days before sowing. And cover the plastic film for sowing. 2. Sowing towel gourd should be carried out at the end of March and the beginning of April. The main results are as follows: (1) to soak the seeds for 2 to 3 days, soak the seeds in warm water for about 6 hours (subject to the full absorption of the seeds), then put the seeds into the incubator to accelerate germination, and then sow the seeds in a nutrition bowl or square when the seed buds are white. (2) sow dried seeds directly in nutrition bowls or squares, cover plastic film in time after sowing, and set up a small arch shed to facilitate early emergence of seedlings. It is required that the seedbed must be kept moist to prevent insufficient moisture from affecting seedling emergence. 3. Seedbed management after sowing, it is necessary to do a good job in seedbed management. Before emergence, the temperature in the film of seedling bed should be kept at 20: 30 ○ C. The seeds soaked to accelerate germination can emerge in 2-3 days, and dry seeds can emerge in 6-7 days. After emergence, the temperature is low in the early stage and the seedling age is small, which is mainly warm and anti-freezing, and the seedling age increases with the increase of temperature in the middle and later stage. Ventilated seedling training is carried out flexibly according to the high and low temperature, low temperature in cloudy and rainy days but not ventilated, high temperature in sunny days must be ventilated, and the ventilation rate should be gradually increased from small to large, and the film can not be covered day and night 2-3 days before transplanting. Second, fixed point transplantation is generally mastered before and after April 20 (Grain Rain). When the seedling grows 1 or 2 true leaves, it can be transplanted with soil. 7-10 days before transplanting, apply sufficient base fertilizer on the transplanting Xingdi, apply 20 piculs of human and animal fertilizer per mu, phosphate 50~75kg, potassium 15~20kg, ploughing the land in time after fertilization, and fine soil preparation, fat back type, spray herbicides and cover the plastic film for transplanting. The suitable planting density of towel gourd is about 500 plants / mu, the row spacing is 3 meters, and the plant spacing is 0.4-0.5 meters. Third, the frame can be set up after introducing the vine towel gourd. The scaffolding stands at a distance of 1.5 meters by 1.5 meters, with a height of 2 meters, and the roof is woven into a square with small bamboo, lead wire or rope. The scaffolding should be strong and strong enough to withstand the weight of fresh melons and typhoons. When the melon vine grows to more than 2.5 meters, it can be put on the shelf. When melons and vines are on the shelf, regardless of the length of melons and vines, the melons and vines on the shelves should go hand in hand, which is conducive to the balanced extension of melons and vines on the shelf. After the melon vine is on the shelf, it is necessary to manage the vine frequently, so that the melon vine is evenly distributed on the shelf. Fourth, melon period management according to the different fruiting period of towel gourd, can be divided into plum gourd, Fu melon, autumn melon. Towel gourd usually begins to blossom and bear fruit in mid-late June. From flowering and fruiting to mature picking, plum melon 45-50 days, Fugua 35-40 days, autumn melon about 50 days. In order to achieve "three melons knot together, early knot melon, strive for high quality towel gourd", we should focus on the following links in cultivation: 1. After going to the male flower melon vine on the shelf, we should continue to prune and dig buds and remove an appropriate number of male flowers. Towel gourd generally leaves only one main vine per plant, and other side branches and buds should be removed at any time. Towel gourd is born in the same node of male and female flowers, and there are a large number of male flowers. In order to reduce the consumption of nutrients, more than 70% of the male buds can be picked in time. When removing male buds, beware of damaging the female buds on the same node. 2. Good melon to inferior gourd each towel gourd is only 1 / 2 in different melon stages, the young melon with high quality melon should be symmetrical up and down, the strip shape is straight, and the stalk is stout not slender. At the same time, a young melon should be temporarily reserved on the first few nodes of the selected small melon to compete for nutrients. The selected high-quality melons grow so that they will not break and then remove the front melons. The melon under the knot can not be left on the top of the shelf, should be put down in time, if the melon-shaped bow, must be manually straightened (small stones can be hung on the flower pedicel). 3. The reasonable application of fertilizer and topdressing plays an important role in the fruit setting and filling and expansion of towel gourd. The time, frequency and amount of topdressing fertilizer depend on the growth trend and fruit yield of towel gourd: when the diameter of the first stage young melon is above 4cm, the first topdressing should be applied, about 3 kg of pure nitrogen (equivalent to 7 kg of urea) per mu. After 10 days, 43.5 kg of pure nitrogen (equivalent to 10 kg of urea) was applied per mu to promote the expansion and enrichment of towel gourd, and then applied once every 15 days or so, with 4 kg of pure nitrogen per mu (equivalent to 10 kg of urea). Seed China reminds you that the main method of fertilization should be watering, and it should be applied alternately outside the 50cm at the base of the stem to prevent fertilizer damage near the root. 5. Control methods of main diseases and insect pests of towel gourd 1. The wild towel gourd borer occurs for several generations a year, with the largest number from July to September, and generations overlap, causing serious damage, the main food is mesophyll, and in serious cases, large area leaves only leave leaf veins, seriously affecting the yield and quality of towel gourd. Control methods: when the larvae are in full bloom, carbamate pesticides are used to control the larvae, such as 3000-fold liquid of larvae and 1000-fold solution of Shongdan. Palm thrips can be sprayed with 10% net 10g / mu. 2. the harm period of towel gourd cotton rot is divided into seedling stage and melon setting stage, which leads to rotten melon after being killed. Prevention and control methods: mainly focus on agricultural control, pay attention to the matching of three ditches, reduce field humidity, balance fertilization, prevent biased and heavy application of nitrogen fertilizer, strengthen chemical control, mainly spray with Bordeaux liquid of 1RV 2RV 200, when there is much overcast and rainy weather in melon period, when the humidity is high, it is necessary to take precautions early and diligently. 3. Towel gourd downy mildew is not easy to occur under general environmental conditions. A large number of leaves withered during the disease, which directly affected the yield and quality of melon. Control methods: the combination of agricultural control and chemical control, agricultural control should be appropriate to increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, in order to improve the disease resistance of plants. When the disease is first seen, the diseased leaves should be removed in time to reduce the spread of bacteria. The medicament control can choose 500x metalaxyl to irrigate the root in the early stage, and spray it with 2000 times poisonous mold at the beginning of the disease, once every 7 days, even twice. Sixth, because there are many varieties of towel gourd, affected by insects and wind, the variety variability is large, so it needs to be purified and rejuvenated every year, and seed production should be achieved in isolation. High-quality towel gourd with upright and symmetrical body, more than 70cm length and more locules were selected as improved varieties. 7. harvesting and peeling is generally based on the fact that the melon body changes from soft to hard, the melon stalk turns yellow, the melon stalk becomes soft and has a yellow band, the slight cracking sound can be heard during hand pinching, and the picking standard is when the concavity of the melon stalk becomes larger gradually. Peeling, towel gourd after picking, need to be peeled to get loofah. Peeling is mainly in the way of water immersion: the picked fresh melon, break the skin with a stick or cut the skin with a knife, soak in water in a container such as a river or water tank for a few days, then remove the rotten skin, wash the loofah and dry it. Click for more towel gourd planting techniques click to get more vegetable planting techniques