What should I pay attention to when cultivating plum trees?

What should be paid attention to in plum tree cultivation? Please give guidance to the cultivation of plum trees can refer to the following planting methods: 1 the selection of suitable varieties for cultivation in greenhouse should be mainly early-maturing varieties, suitable for cultivation of the following varieties: 1.1 early red plum. Originated in Japan, the fruit is oval, with an average single fruit weight of 34g and a maximum of 65g; the face of the fruit is bright red, the pulp is yellow, with radial red lines; the meat is fine, crisp, fine fiber, sweet and sour and juicy, slightly fragrant. The fruit matures in the middle of June, which is a very early-maturing variety with high yield. 1.2 Japanese Zaomi plum. Originated in Japan, the fruit is short and oval, with an average single fruit weight of 26,28g and a maximum of 35g. The fruit face is yellow, and a few sunny faces are flushed. The flesh is yellowish, the flesh is soft, the taste is sweet and juicy, the flavor is strong, the quality is high and so on. It matured in Fuxin in late June. It is an excellent variety of fresh food with high yield. 1.3 Misi Li. Native to New Zealand, the fruit is nearly round, with an average single fruit weight of 50g, smooth surface, purplish red and bright red pulp. Most of the flowers bloomed in the same year after planting. Extremely high yield, suitable for close planting, widely planted in many foreign countries. It matured in early July in Fuxin. 1.4 Sui Leng red. Native to Heilongjiang, the fruit is oval, with an average single fruit weight of 34g to 46g, with a maximum of 72g, with bright red face, yellowish pulp, fine flesh, dense and juicy, sweet flavor and strong flavor. Mature in Fuxin in early July, it is a fresh food processing variety with high yield. (2) the construction of protected facilities 2.1 the choice of shed site. Although the site conditions required by the greenhouse are not strictly different from those cultivated in the open field, for intensive production, we must choose the soil rich in humus, deep plough layer, good drainage, water retention and soil permeability. 2.2 greenhouse structure. Although the greenhouse for planting plum trees is the same as the vegetable greenhouse in form, their structure is not the same. The plum greenhouse is higher than the vegetable greenhouse, because the tree height is generally about 2m, and there should be about 1m space above the crown from the greenhouse surface, which is convenient for manual pollination, spraying, fruit thinning, harvest and so on. Therefore, the greenhouse should be tall, no matter what type of greenhouse is chosen, it must have the ability to withstand strong winds, snow and other natural disasters. 2.3 covering material. The covering material of the greenhouse requires good light transmission, heat preservation and durability. 2.4 ventilation equipment. The sealing performance of the greenhouse is good. Under the condition of sufficient sunshine, the humidity increases rapidly with the increase of temperature, which is easy to cause physiological obstacles and affect the growth and development of plum trees. Therefore, there must be ventilation equipment, such as exhaust holes, ventilation windows, etc., and the humidity in the shed should be adjusted at any time according to the need. 2.5 heating equipment. After covering in early spring, if the temperature drops and the late spring cold strikes, it is necessary to heat up the shed. The commonly used heating facilities are furnace flue heating, and warm air warmers can be used to adjust the temperature in the shed if possible. 2.6 Irrigation equipment. Due to the high temperature in the greenhouse, certain irrigation facilities are needed to ensure the normal growth of the tree. Underground pipes can be buried for seepage irrigation or sprinkler irrigation. 3Essentials of cultivation techniques 3.1 Management of germination period. The main purpose of cultivation at this stage is to break dormancy and promote root activity and germination. The period of plastic film mulching is determined according to the length of fruit ripening, and can be calculated according to the days of fruit ripening, and the general early maturing varieties enter the ripening stage 85 days after flowering. The film mulching is too early, the external air temperature is still low, and the artificial heating cost is high. Generally, film mulching is usually carried out one month before thawing in the open field. 3.2 florescence management. After plastic film mulching and heating for 3 weeks, the tree began to sprout and blossomed after 4-5 days. The pollen of plum can germinate and grow at 5 ℃. The lowest temperature in the greenhouse should be kept at 7 ℃ ~ 8 ℃. In order to promote pollination and fertilization, the maximum temperature in the greenhouse should not exceed 25 ℃ in the daytime, and 18 ℃ ~ 22 ℃ would be better. At the same time, the soil in the shed should maintain proper moisture, and do not wait until the topsoil is dry before watering. In order to improve the fruit setting rate, artificial pollination can be carried out. 3.3 Management of fruit expansion period. During the period of young fruit development, the daytime temperature is 25 ℃ ~ 28 ℃ and the night temperature is 10 ℃ ~ 15 ℃. At this stage, plum trees have relatively strict requirements for water, too much irrigation and too wet soil, which is easy to cause root obstacles, and one irrigation is equivalent to the rainfall of 15~20mm. After irrigation, the soil should be ploughed in a timely manner to prevent soil consolidation and maintain good root permeability. 3.4 late management. At this stage, the growth of new shoots is more exuberant, for the strong growth of branches should be removed, in order to ensure the internal light of the tree chamber and promote fruit coloring. At this time, the temperature in the greenhouse should be adjusted reasonably, and the greater the temperature difference between day and night, the better the fruit coloring. At this stage, the skylight should be opened to reduce the night temperature. The daytime temperature is still maintained at 15 ℃ ~ 28 ℃, must not exceed 30 ℃, and maintain a certain amount of soil moisture. 3.5 Post-harvest management. After the fruit is harvested, the covering material should be removed immediately so that the tree body is exposed in the natural environment, so as to promote the development and enrichment of branches. In order to prevent the discomfort of the tree caused by the change of external environment just after the mulch material was removed, the film should be removed in cloudy days to reduce the difference of temperature inside and outside the shed and the effect on tree growth. Click to get more plum tree planting techniques click to get more fruit planting techniques