Potted cultivation methods and precautions of Clivia

Magnolia is native to southern South Africa, is a perennial herb, florescence up to 30-50 days, mainly winter and spring, New Year's Day also blossoms around the Spring Festival, avoid strong light, semi-negative plants, like cool, avoid high temperature, the appropriate temperature for growth is 15-25 ℃, stop growing below 5 ℃, like thick, well-drained soil and moist soil, avoid dry environment, with high ornamental value. China is often potted in greenhouse for ornamental. Now let's take a look at the breeding methods and points for attention of Cymbidium.

The Culture method of Magnolia

1. Soil: Magnolia is suitable to use humus-rich soil, which has good air permeability, good permeability, fertile soil and slightly acidic (pH6.5). General gentleman orchid soil configuration, 6 parts of rotten leaf soil, 2 parts of pine needle, 1 part of river sand or ash, 1 part of base fertilizer (pockmarked, etc.). Rotten leaf soil mainly refers to oak leaves, also known as oak trees. This kind of leaf is thick in texture and is a good humus. Nutritious and permeable. Other leaves are so thin that they are gone after decay and cannot be mixed with other media. The pot used in cultivation increases gradually with the growth of the plant, and the 3-inch pot is suitable for the cultivation of one-year-old seedlings. Change 5-inch pots in the second year, and then change into larger flowerpots every 1-2 years, which can be carried out in spring and autumn.

2. Lighting: Magnolia is a moist plant, which is suitable to grow in high humidity, but it does not require high light, as long as the temperature is suitable, it does not matter if the light time is longer or shorter. Although good lighting can ensure the bright color of the gentleman orchid, it still likes a slightly weaker light, so be sure to avoid strong light.

3. Pour the basin: when the gentleman orchid grows up, you need to change a big basin for it. This is "pouring the basin and changing the soil". The best time to change soil is in spring and autumn, because the orchid grows vigorously at this time and will not affect the growth of the plant. The most important thing to change soil is to fill the root with soil, otherwise if there is no soil in the root, then water and nutrients will not reach the root, which is easy to cause rotten root.

4. Watering: Cymbidium has more developed fleshy roots, and a certain amount of water is stored in the roots, so this kind of flower is more drought-tolerant. However, drought-tolerant flowers should not be seriously short of water, especially in the case of high temperature in summer and dry air, do not forget to water in time, otherwise, the roots and leaves of flowers will be damaged, resulting in the germination of new leaves, and the original leaves are estimated to be scorched, not only affect flowering, but even cause plant death. However, too much watering will rot the roots. Therefore, it is necessary to have a good grasp and always pay attention to the dry and wet condition of the basin soil. if it is semi-dry, it should be watered once, but the amount of water should not be much. It is just right to keep the basin soil moist and not damp.

5. Fertilization: many flowers like fertilizer, but there should be a limit to fertilizer-loving flowers. Too much fertilization is disadvantageous to growth, and even plants will rot or scorch. Magnolia also belongs to this kind of plant and must be fertilized appropriately. Flowers have different nutrient requirements at different stages of growth and development. Therefore, different fertilization methods suitable for plant needs should be adopted in different periods. Such as applying base fertilizer, topdressing, extra-root fertilization and so on.

① base fertilizer (or base fertilizer): the purpose is to create conditions for plant growth and development to meet its nutrient needs. The application of base fertilizer for Magnolia should be carried out when the basin is changed every two years. Apply barnyard manure (that is, livestock manure), compost, green manure, bean cake fertilizer and so on.

② topdressing: mainly to promote plant growth. Gentleman orchid can apply fertilizer such as cake fertilizer, fish meal, bone meal and so on. Apply less at the beginning, and then with the growth of the plant and the increase of leaves, the amount of fertilizer will gradually increase. When applying fertilizer, open the pot soil and apply it to the soil 2-3 cm deep, but be careful that the fertilizer should not be too close to the root system so as not to burn the root system. The application of this kind of solid fertilizer is generally enough once a month and should not be dense again.

③ topdressing liquid fertilizer: topdressing liquid fertilizer is that the supernatant of animals and plants that have been soaked and retted is mixed with 30-40% water and then poured on the basin soil. Small seedlings should be watered 40 times, medium seedlings 30 times, and large seedlings only 20 times. After pouring fertilizer solution for 1-2 days, we should continue to irrigate clear water (the amount of water should not be too much), so that the fertilizer can seep into the root system of the basin soil and give full play to the fertilizer effect. Do not water 1-2 days before the application of liquid fertilizer, so that the basin soil is relatively dry and then apply liquid fertilizer, which is more effective. Fertilization time is best in the early morning; when pouring, let the fertilizer liquid pour along the edge of the basin, pay attention to avoid applying on the plants and leaves. In addition, different fertilizers should be applied according to different seasons. For example, in spring and winter, it is appropriate to apply some phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, such as fish meal, bone meal, hemp cake, etc., which is conducive to the formation of leaf veins and improve the glossiness of leaves; while in autumn, it is appropriate to apply some leachate of rotten animal hair, horns, hooves or bean cakes and pour it with 30-40 times fresh water to promote leaf growth.

④ extra-root topdressing: this method of fertilization is mainly to make up for the lack of nutrients in the soil, in order to solve the problem of lack of fertilizer in the plant, so that the seedlings grow fast and the flowers and fruits grow fat. Extra-root fertilization is to spray the fertilizer diluent directly on the leaf surface of the plant and let the nutrient elements infiltrate into the leaf tissue through the leaf epidermis cells and stomata and then transport to the whole body of the plant. The commonly used fertilization varieties are urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium superphosphate and so on. When spraying, spray evenly to both sides of the blade. In the growing season, it is sprayed once every 4-6 days and once every two weeks when it is semi-dormant. Generally, it is sprayed after sunrise, and the plant should be stopped after flowering. It must be noted that this method can only be used when the plant is found to be short of fertilizer. If the plant has sufficient nutrition and exuberant growth, it is not suitable to be used.

Management in the later stage of Cymbidium Culture

The flowering period of Cymbidium is generally from February to April. After flowering, the flowering period can be prolonged by appropriate cooling, ventilation and reducing light. The length of the flowering period of Cymbidium can be controlled by people's cultivation techniques.

1. Fertilization: bone meal, fermented fish viscera and bean cake water should be added to make the flowers bright, increase the flowers and thicken the leaves. Otherwise, it is easy to appear the phenomenon of small flowers, small number and light color. At the same time, attention should be paid to avoid excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer and insufficient phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, resulting in weak growth or excessive growth of leaves, affecting budding and flowering.

2. Light: certain light conditions should be given to meet the requirements of photosynthesis and flowering. In strong light, the florescence is short and the flower color is bright; in low light, the flower color is light. Too long, too strong or long-term shade, lack of light, all affect the production and accumulation of nutrients, so that it can not bud and blossom.

3. Temperature: the suitable temperature has an obvious effect on the flowering effect. When the temperature is too high, the root hair exists for a very short time, and the function of absorbing water and fertilizer is greatly reduced, so that the orchid is semi-dormant; the temperature below 10 ℃ will also inhibit the growth; the growth period should be controlled at 15-25 ℃, and the florescence should be at 15-20 ℃. The root hair exists for a long time, the function of absorbing water and fertilizer is good, the leaves grow short and wide, and the flowers are luxuriant. It should also be noted that Cymbidium should maintain a temperature difference of about 8 ℃ between day and night, because the organic matter it produces at higher temperatures during the day needs to be stored and digested at lower temperatures at night.

4. Moisture: Cymbidium can not be short of water during the whole plant growth period, and the water requirement at flowering stage is greater, and the growth humidity is not less than 60%.

The cause of Arrow entrapment in Gentleman and its treatment

1. The reason for clamping arrows

① temperature is too low: the extraction temperature of Cymbidium is about 20 ℃. If the temperature is lower than 15 ℃ for a long time, it is difficult for the flower to grow.

Lack of ② nutrition: Orchid bud and flowering when the demand for phosphorus, potash fertilizer, if the lack will make the orchid draw insufficient strength, resulting in the phenomenon of arrow entrapment.

③ basin soil anoxia: the root oxygen demand of Cymbidium is large during the budding period. If the basin soil is too fine or in a state of high humidity for a long time, it will reduce the basin soil permeability, resulting in hypoxia, resulting in the phenomenon of arrow entrapment.

④ constant temperature cultivation: the flowering of Magnolia needs a day-night temperature difference of 5 ℃ to 8 ℃. If the plant is kept at the same temperature during the day and night, it will affect the nutrition accumulation of the orchid, and it is easy to clip arrows during flowering.

⑤ root rot: the root system of Cymbidium is damaged or rotten, which will block the channel of nutrient absorption and affect the flowering of the plant.

Bad varieties of ⑥: some varieties of orchids are born with arrows.

2. prevention and control measures

① adjust the temperature and increase the temperature difference: in winter, after 20 days of low temperature treatment, put the plant under the normal temperature, and try to keep the temperature difference between day and night at 5 ℃ to 8 ℃.

② increased application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to ensure nutrition: in autumn and winter, appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote plant flowering.

③ to ensure an appropriate amount of water supply: during the extraction period, make sure that the water content of the basin soil is between 30% and 50%.

④ is used together to promote flowers: the arrow promoter purchased on the market can be smeared on the flower tree or dripped in the potted soil according to the instructions; the leaves on both sides of the arrow can also be stretched out artificially, but the leaves can not be damaged, so as to reduce the pinch force of the leaves on the flower flower and promote the flower flower to protrude as soon as possible.

⑤ re-change soil, dry before wet: re-change soil need to pay attention to: after the change of soil within 5 days without watering, the soil should not be dry soil, should maintain about 30% moisture; 5 days after watering a flood, so generally can blossom.

Points for attention in the cultivation of Cymbidium

1, the gentleman orchid likes the semi-overcast cool environment, must avoid high temperature, strong light, dry. In 15-25 degrees is the most suitable temperature, below 5 degrees began to dormancy stop growth, high temperature is not suitable, summer should pay attention to summer. Otherwise, the narrow and long leaves will affect the ornamental, and the temperature should be cooled down in time.

2. The basin soil should be kept moist during the growth period of Cymbidium, the basin soil should be dry during the high temperature and semi-dormancy period, and more water should be sprayed on the leaf surface to achieve the purpose of cooling. The gentleman orchid likes fertilizer and changes the basin every 2 to 3 years in spring and autumn, adding rotten leaf soil in the basin soil. The basin should be turned frequently to prevent the blade from leaning to one side.

Pot culture methods and matters needing attention of gardenia

Gardenia beautiful appearance, very attractive, give off a fresh smell, with a good ornamental value, cultured gardenia green leaves, white as jade, do you know what are the breeding methods and matters needing attention of gardenia? What are the reasons why mast flowers do not blossom? Let's take a look at it together.

Propagation methods of Gardenia jasminoides

1. Cuttage propagation: from May to June, select semi-lignified, fully developed twigs, cut into 10mur15cm long, soak the base with 1000 mg / kg naphthalene caproic acid for 3 seconds, cuttage in acidic soil with strong water and fertility conservation, generally use 3 parts of rotten leaf soil or mountain mud, 1 part of sawdust, peat or river sand, take root about 1 month after planting, and transplant after 50 days. The method of water insertion is often used in summer in the south, which is carried out from April to July. The cut cuttings, which are 15 centimeters long and with 2 or 3 leaves on the top, are inserted on the basket lid or perforated plastic board, and the lid or plastic plate is floated on the surface. The upper part of the insert can be exposed to the water. Put it in the semi-shade after insertion and keep the water temperature for 16-18 ℃. New roots can grow in 20 days. When the temperature is high, change the water frequently, change the water once a day, can not make the water deteriorate. When the root is 2-3 cm long, it can be transplanted.

2. Striping propagation: most of them are carried out in May to June. Select 1-year-old, 2-year-old strong branches, 25 cm long, pressed into the soil 3 cm 5 cm, about 1 month can take root, 2 months later can be cut off from the mother. Can also be high pressure, that is, on the adult gardenia, choose 2-3-year-old strong branches ring peeling 1cm, and then wrapped in moist peat, the outside wrapped with plastic bags to keep the soil moist, about 40 days can grow new roots, 2-3 months later cut off the mother.

3. Ramet propagation: in May, there are 2 or 3 branches growing at the base of the root, which can be cut from the root with a knife, and each ramet has fine roots. After the wound is coated with plant ash, it will be planted separately.

Culture method of Gardenia jasminoides

1. Potted soil selection: gardenia is an indicator flower in acidic soil, and the suitable pH value is 5 to 6. Therefore, the slightly acidic environment of the soil is the key to determine the growth of gardenia. If the soil acidity is not suitable, it will get twice the result with half the effort in the future management. The culture soil is made of 70% of slightly acidic sandy red soil and 30% of rotten leaves. It is appropriate to control the soil pH value between 4.0 and 6.5. Cultivation soil can choose rotten leaf soil, peat soil or retting sawdust plus half of the garden soil, avoid using old wall soil and cinder, with the market-sold gentleman orchid soil is more convenient and practical.

2. Scientific watering: gardenia likes moist soil and greater air humidity. Keep the basin soil moist during the growth period from April to September. Watering should be increased appropriately during the growing period. Usually the pot soil can be watered once the soil turns white and thoroughly at one time. Hot and dry in summer, spray to the leaves 2-3 times a day to increase air humidity and help plant cool. However, after the flower budding, watering should not be too much, so as not to cause bud drop. It is better to water dry in winter to prevent the roots from rotting. The surface of the basin soil is watered when it is dry, and a spray can be used to pour water on the leaf surface at night. If it is dry and wilted, it will be bad for growth. If the growth is too prosperous and the internodes are longer, they will not be watered in the evening and will be watered again when the sun comes out in the morning. In the area of alkaline water in the north, tap water should be kept for two days before use. Every three or five days, add 0.5 grams of citric acid and 1 gram of ferrous sulfate to water once per liter to make the leaves oily and green.

3. Rational fertilization: demand for fertilizer for gardenia: gardenia is a fertilizer-loving plant, and 3% rotten cake fertilizer can be added to the culture soil as base fertilizer. In the growing season, the alum fertilizer made by cake fertilizer and ferrous sulfate retting is watered once a week, or 0.1% humic acid total nutrient organic liquid fertilizer can be used. Watering 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution once or twice in the bud stage can make the flowers fat and fragrant. Fertilizer is stopped when the temperature is above 35 ℃ in hot summer and below 15 ℃ in autumn. After entering the peak growing season in April, you can top fertilize every half month (you'd better mix more water when fertilizing to prevent burning flowers). This can not only meet the fertilizer demand of Gardenia jasminoides, but also keep the soil environment in a relatively balanced slightly acidic environment, prevent the occurrence of chlorosis, and avoid the damage of sudden supplement of ferrous sulfate and local excessive acid to gardenia.

4. Bask in the sun more: gardenia likes light and can grow in semi-shade for a long time, but the flower branches are longer and the flowers are less. In addition to the strong light from July to August noon need shade and winter dormancy period, generally need to be maintained in the sun in order to blossom and flourish.

5. Good dormancy in winter: gardenia can survive the winter in open field in Qinling Mountains of China, but the root system of potted gardenia will be damaged after severe winter and recover slowly in spring. In the indoor with heating, although it is not damaged by freezing, the light is insufficient and the growth is thin. Most of the young buds formed in autumn fall off and blossom late in the second year. The better way is to put the potted flowers in a cold room of about 5 ℃ to make them dormant, or wrap the flowerpots with foam and other thermal insulation materials to protect the roots, and put them in the leeward and sunny place to overwinter, which can recover quickly in spring and bloom early.

6. change the pot soil at the right time: the seedlings use small pots and gradually change into large pots. When the crown width is 2 to 3 times the caliber of the basin, it is time to change the basin. The growing season can be changed at any time. After pouring the basin, even the soil block is planted into the new basin, the caliber is about 5 centimeters larger than the original basin. Family potted plants when the pot reaches about 28 cm, generally no longer change the pot but only change the pot soil. It is better to change soil in March in spring. After pouring the basin, cut off part of the old roots, shake off half of the old soil, plant the new soil into the basin and pour water into the pot, put it in a warm semi-shady place, and keep it in the sun when new buds sprout.

7, appropriate pruning: gardenia jasminoides seedlings in the trunk 20 cm high to hit the top, leaving 3 to 4 branches, branches 2 pairs of leaves and then hit the top, promote branches, and then allow its growth. Lobular gardenia does not need to be topped. Trim lightly after flowering every year, cut off the inner chamber branches, diseased and weak branches, and some only grow short branches. When the crown width of Gardenia jasminoides is too large after 4 to 5 years, it can be strongly pruned after flowering, generally leaving 2 pairs of leaves in the upper part of the branch. After budding, the inward growing buds and the lower buds of the trunk will be erased, and the plant shape will become more compact and beautiful. Remember that gardenia can not be cut short in spring, otherwise it will not blossom in that year.

Matters needing attention in Gardenia Culture

1. Gardenia likes to be fat, but is afraid of thick fertilizer. Generally, the cake fertilizer containing more phosphorus and potassium is applied twice before budding, and the fertilization is stopped after budding. If too much fertilizer is applied, it is easy to burn roots and cause budding. During the growing period, rotten cake fertilizer water or manure fertilizer water was applied once every half a month, and 1%-2% ferrous sulfate was added to prevent soil alkalization.

2. Gardenia likes semi-shade and is afraid of strong light, so it requires a shade degree of about 50%. If exposed to the sun, the leaves turn yellow and whiten until they fall off, so they should be kept in a shady place or a place with scattered light in summer. Make it see light in the morning and evening to prevent the leaves from yellowing.

What is the flower language of gardenia?

Gardenia flower language is "eternal love, life waiting and joy" legendary gardenia flower language is waiting for love gardenia flower language: joy. If you like this flower, you have the heart to be grateful and treat others sincerely. As long as others are a little kind to you, you will thank you with your heart. This is because you have a pure heart, do not understand the evil of the human heart, and your sincerity makes you happy, and forgiving others also fills you with joy.

In which month does gardenia blossom?

Gardenia blossoms in a few months and can be divided into the following categories according to the region. North China generally buds in early May and blossoms in the first and middle of June. The flowering period of a flower is 8-5 days, and the whole flowering period is about one month.

What are the reasons for the yellowing of mast flower leaves?

1. Improper moisture

① overwatering: in this case, the tender leaves of the mast flowers are dark yellow and dull, but the old leaves have no obvious change, so just take the flowers out of the pot and place them in a cool, ventilated place and put them back after the soil dries.

② is short of water: the tip or edge of the leaf is withered and dry, and the old leaf is withered and yellow from bottom to top, but the growth of the new leaf is relatively normal, so it should be fully watered and watered thoroughly.

2. Improper lighting

① light is too strong: the sunny part of the leaves have maculae, which only need to be moved to the shade for maintenance, and the new leaves will no longer have maculae.

② lack of sunlight: at this time, the leaves will turn yellow or even fall off, as long as you put them in the sun to replenish the sun.

3. Improper fertilization

① fertilized too much: the new leaf tip appeared brown, the leaf surface was thick and dull, and the old leaf was scorched and shedding. At this time, it is necessary to stop fertilization immediately, and in serious cases, the soil should be washed to reduce the concentration.

Insufficient ② fertilizer: insufficient fertilizer can also cause plant yellowing, such as iron deficiency, leaves are light yellow or white, and leaf veins are still green, so it is necessary to spray 0.2% 0.5% ferrous sulfate for prevention and control; magnesium deficiency, old leaves yellowing first, then new leaves yellowing, leaf veins still green, 0.7-0.8% boron magnesium fertilizer can be sprayed to control.

4, the temperature is too low: too low temperature will also cause leaf yellowing, as long as it is moved into the high temperature.

What are the reasons why mast flowers do not blossom?

1, improper water and fertilizer: once excessive water and fertilizer, it will cause plant overgrowth, reproductive growth without enough nutrients will affect the formation of flower buds, resulting in non-flowering or few flowering, some blooming, or even immediately fall off. In the period of flower bud differentiation, special attention should be paid to the collocation of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, such as 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, which is conducive to flower bud formation and bud pregnancy; excessive fertilization and watering during the bud period will also cause falling flowers and seedlings.

2. The light is not suitable: Liriodendron likes shade. We should pay special attention to the strong light in summer and weak light in winter, which will affect the blossom.

3. High alkali content in soil: Jianzi flower likes acidic soil, and cultivated mast flower soil contains high salt and alkali, which will cause plant yellowing and eventually affect flowering.

4. Non-pruning and shaping: disorderly flowers and branches, a large number of miscellaneous branches consuming a lot of nutrients and branches too dense, affecting photosynthesis, are all important reasons for not blooming.

5. Serious diseases and insect pests: I believe everyone can understand that serious diseases and insect pests are bound to lead to the loss of flowers.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of Cymbidium

Most of the novice friends of Cymbidium planting are buying potted seedlings of Cymbidium for breeding, while slightly professional and more experienced lovers of Cymbidium are all planting their own orchids from the seeds; Cymbidium seedlings merchants start from the seeds to create noble Cymbidium, the following we introduce the breeding methods of Cymbidium pay attention to.

Main points of planting

1 use soil

The original place of the orchid is under the trees of the high-altitude forests of southern Africa, and its roots are rooted in the decaying leaves accumulated over the years. The gentleman orchid should use loose and fertile neutral or weakly acidic humus soil, and the cultivation soil can be mixed with 65% humus soil, 20% net sand and 15% fine furnace ash. The relative humidity of the soil should be about 40%. If the soil is hardened and the drainage is not smooth, it will lead to rotting roots. When changing soil in spring, it is best to buy special soil for planting. The special soil of Cymbidium is rotten leaf soil, which is very suitable for the growth of Cymbidium.

2 fertilization

The magnolia should be applied once in winter with solid fertilizer, less nitrogen fertilizer, more phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer. Eggshell powder and retting fish water is a good phosphate fertilizer, bran ash and soot are easily available potash. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer can also be applied to promote the germination of more new plants and leaves. Fertilization must be appropriate, do not apply thick fertilizer and unfermented raw fertilizer, otherwise, it is easy to cause leaf tip scorch or rot. In winter, if the new leaves are spotted and the roots are yellow, it means that there is too much fertilization, while the narrow, thin and light color of the new leaves is a sign of lack of fertilizer.

3 watering

The soil should not be too dry or too wet. Every time it is watered, it must be thoroughly watered, and some more should be watered after budding. Every 20 days or so, combine watering with fermented bean cake water, fresh fish water and horseshoe water to combine watering and fertilization. Watering should be controlled when the room temperature is low to prevent the basin soil from being too wet, which will cause the rotten roots of the plant to die, but it can not make the basin soil too dry.

4 heat preservation

The suitable temperature for the growth of Cymbidium in winter is 15-20 ℃, and it is better not lower than 10 ℃. The temperature should be kept at about 18 ℃ after scurrying, and the temperature difference between day and night should be about 10 ℃, otherwise the flower arrow will blossom if it does not reach a proper height, and it is easy to form a "sandwiched arrow". The magnolia should be moved indoors when the outdoor temperature is lower than 10 ℃ at night. When the indoor temperature is lower than 10 ℃, in addition to covering the surface of the basin soil with a layer of 1 cm thick charcoal powder, the flowerpot should also be placed in the indoor sunny warm place. When the indoor temperature is very low, cover the film on the flowerpot to raise temperature, but the temperature in the cover should not exceed 25 ℃, if it exceeds, it should be ventilated and cooled in time.

Points for attention in breeding Cymbidium:

1. Cymbidium should be fully watered during the growing season, keep the basin soil moist, and often spray water to the leaves to facilitate sprouting and growing new leaves, and the amount of water can be reduced appropriately after the end of autumn.

2. Liquid fertilizer was applied once or twice a month during the peak growth period in spring and summer to ensure that the leaves were beautiful and bright. It can be cultivated in bright indoor areas all the year round, but it can not be placed in direct sunlight, either indoors or outdoors; short-term sunlight exposure may also cause leaf burns and reduce ornamental value.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of Cymbidium