How to prevent deformed Pleurotus ostreatus in winter

It is a good season to cultivate Pleurotus ostreatus because of the low temperature in winter and less miscellaneous bacteria in the air. However, the following kinds of deformed mushrooms are easy to appear in mushroom culture: after the occurrence of Pleurotus ostreatus primordium, the speed of cap differentiation and development is abnormal, which is characterized by small cap, long stalk, thick and hard stalk and low commercial value. The main reason is that the closed heat preservation and cold protection measures are adopted, which leads to insufficient oxygen supply in mushroom shed (room) and loss of balance of nutrient transport in mushroom. Preventive measures are: in case of continuous low temperature weather, when the mushroom shed (room) of mushroom production adopts closed heat preservation and cold protection, we should pay attention to a short period of ventilation at noon, but do not blow the material surface directly in a strong wind to prevent the death of young mushrooms. When the blue mushroom body grows, a blue halo occurs on the edge of the cap, and even the whole mushroom body is splashed with blue ink until the mushroom body is harvested. The cause is: the use of firewood, coal fire and other fumigation to increase the toxic gas of carbon monoxide in the mushroom shed (room), resulting in mushroom body poisoning and stimulating discoloration reaction. The preventive measures are as follows: the heating method of mushroom shed (room) in winter is better to adopt sunlight, heating, electric heating and so on. If firewood or coal fire is used for heating, a closed heat transfer and smoke exhaust pipe should be installed. During the development of Pleurotus ostreatus, the growth was slow, and tumor-like or granular protrusions appeared on the surface of the cap. When the damage is serious, the cap is stiff, the mushroom is hardened, and the growth stops. The reason is that the temperature during the development of mushroom is too low and the duration of low temperature is too long, resulting in the imbalance of cell growth in the inner and outer layer of the cap. The preventive measures are as follows: during cultivation, it is necessary to find out the lowest temperature that the cultivated mushroom varieties can endure under the premise of normal development, and the varieties of medium and low temperature should be selected for winter cultivation, at the same time, the measures of heat preservation and temperature increase should be strengthened to control the temperature of mushroom production in the mushroom shed (room). In general, the greenhouse temperature of medium-temperature varieties should be controlled above 8 ℃, and that of low-temperature varieties should be controlled above 0 ℃.