Pot culture methods and matters needing attention of rhododendron

Rhododendron, also known as Yingshanhong and pomegranate, is an evergreen or ordinary green shrub with luxuriant and colorful flowers blooming in spring. Azaleas have always been a favorite flower. I think many people have raised azaleas. Many people may not know the methods and points for attention of azaleas. The following editor will introduce to you the relevant skills and matters needing attention in cultivating azaleas.

Growth condition

Rhododendron is born in mountain sparse thickets or pine forests at an altitude of 2500 meters above sea level. It likes acidic soil and does not grow well or even in calcareous soil, so pedologists often regard rhododendron as an indicator crop of acidic soil.

Rhododendron likes cool, moist and ventilated semi-shady environment, and is afraid of both extreme heat and cold. The suitable temperature for growth is 12 ℃ to 25 ℃. When the summer temperature exceeds 35 ℃, the new shoots and leaves grow slowly and are in a semi-dormant state. Sunscreen should be used in summer and warm and cold in winter.

Avoid hot sun exposure, suitable for growth under scattered light with low light intensity, too strong light, young leaves are easy to burn, new leaves and old leaves scorched edge, serious will lead to plant death. In winter, cuckoos cultivated in open field should take measures to prevent cold in order to ensure their safety through the winter. Among the ornamental rhododendrons, the cold resistance of rhododendron is the weakest, and the freezing injury is easy to occur when the temperature drops below 0 ℃.

Basin soil requirement

Rhododendron is a kind of acid soil with loose nature, strong permeability, good drainage and rich in humus, and its PH value is 5.0 ~ 6.0. If you use clay or alkaline soil, it will be difficult to live. Summer cuckoos and rhododendrons, in particular, must be mountain soil. The mountain soil needs to be reformed. at present, three kinds of culture soil are usually used:

1. 7 parts of mountain soil, 1 part of dry moss grass, 2 parts of dry rot leaf soil and 1 part of dry fertilizer were mixed.

2. 3 parts of mountain skin soil (topsoil), 3 parts of horse manure, 3 parts of deciduous weeds and 1 part of human feces were piled in layers and screened for 2 years.

3. Mix 3 parts of mountain soil, 3 parts of rotten leaf soil, 4 parts of garden soil and 2 parts of sand, and add 50 grams of sesame sauce dregs and bone powder in each basin.

Flowerpot selection

According to the use of flowerpots for breeding rhododendrons, mud pots and purple sand pots are generally selected. The mud basin has good ventilation and permeability, which is beneficial to the growth of root system. The molded azaleas, especially the modeled azaleas, are furnished for indoor and outdoor furnishings, generally planted in a beautiful and quaint purple sand basin with delicate texture, rich color and beautiful shape, which can double the ornamental value. Purple sand basin permeability is not as good as mud basin, when planting, should be in the surrounding basin wall pad with broken tiles (old tiles) so as to facilitate drainage.

The size of the selected pot depends on the age of the plant, generally 5-inch pot for 4-6-year-old plants, 6-inch pots for 7-10-year-old plants, 8 inch pots for 11-15 reproductive plants, and so on.

Fertilizer and water management

It is best to use Rain Water to water azaleas, followed by river and pond water. If tap water is used, it is advisable to store the water for 2 days and let the chlorine volatilize and then use. Pay attention to adding 0.2% ferrous sulfate when using it, and watering it every 10 days during the growing season. Use it frequently to ensure that the soil is acidic. Azaleas like yin and dampness and should not be too dry. More moisture is needed during flowering.

① winter rhododendron has entered a dormant period, water demand is not much, generally every 4 times every 5 days watering, should be carried out around noon in sunny and warm days. It can be watered appropriately depending on the drying condition of the basin soil.

During ② March, the roots of rhododendron sprouted, and the water demand increased. The growth and development of summer cuckoo is a little late, and the amount of water should be less than that of spring cuckoo. Usually water the right amount every 2 days in the morning.

③ Azalea blossoms one after another from April to June, and the branches and leaves also begin to sprout, which requires a large amount of water and should be watered once every morning or evening.

During the high temperature and dry season from July to early September, ④ should be watered once in the morning and evening. The amount of water should not be too much, and spray water on the leaf surface and the ground at noon to keep the moist environment.

The weather of ⑤ turns cool gradually from the middle of September to November, which is the adaptive period for the growth of rhododendron. In order to prevent the autumn shoots from being pulled out and enhance the cold resistance of overwintering, the amount of water should be reduced appropriately. Generally water one time every other morning and keep it moist. Azaleas prefer fertilizer, generally using rotten cake fertilizer, fish meal, broad beans or purple clouds after water watering, avoid using human feces and urine. After leaving the house to before the flower bud blossoms, apply thin fertilizer every 10 days, the concentration is 15%, a total of 2 Mel 3 times, to promote the old leaves to turn green and sprout new roots. After the flowers fade, in order to promote the growth of branches and leaves, fertilization was applied 6 times from mid-May to early July. If it rains continuously, dry fertilizer can be applied. Before entering the house, before the growth of azaleas is about to stop, fertilizers should be applied for 1 / 2 times.

Outdoor shading

1. It is advisable to see more sunshine before leaving the room and before enlightening.

2. During the flowering period, shading should be carried out for a short time at noon, and the light transmittance is 60%.

3. During the Meiyu period from June to early July, the rhododendron leaves and branches should be seen as much as possible. However, in case of strong sunlight, it should also be shaded from 9 am to 4 pm to prevent new leaves from being burned.

4. From mid-July to early September, shade should be provided from 8 am to 5 pm every day to prevent the scorching sun from shining.

5. When the autumn growth period after September can shorten the shading time, it can be shaded from 10:00 to 4 p.m.

6. it is advisable to see more sunshine after October.

Shaping and pruning

Azaleas grow slowly and are generally allowed to grow naturally, only after flowering, cutting off long branches, diseased and weak branches, deformed branches and damaged branches.

The cultivation method of rhododendron is basically introduced to you. Let's take a look at the pest control methods and matters needing attention in the process of rhododendron culture.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of family potted rhododendron

Rhododendron, also known as rhododendron, pomegranate and rhododendron, is a deciduous shrub and deciduous shrub of the rhododendron family. There are about 900 species of rhododendron in the world. China is the country with the largest distribution of rhododendron, with more than 530 species. Rhododendron is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China.

Soil requirement

If you want azaleas to bloom beautifully, you should first be familiar with the soil in which azaleas grow. The pH value is between 5.5 and 6.5. Do not use alkaline or clayey soil. The suitable growth temperature is 12 ℃ to 25 ℃, shade and sunscreen in summer and frost protection in winter. It is best to move indoors. According to the details introduced above, the azaleas will bloom very beautifully if they are cultivated carefully. Cuckoos like fertile soil. The cultivation of rhododendron is the most suitable for the acid humus soil which has been used for many years. Clay permeability is poor, poor drainage, not suitable for use, especially the soil containing lime must not be used.

Fertilization method

When topdressing, do not pursue alkaline fertilizer and water. Burying lard and other oils into the soil after rancidity can make the cuckoo grow vigorously, blossom more and have bright colors. Correct use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Nitrogen fertilizer is sufficient, leaves are thick green, and the growth is exuberant. Insufficient nitrogen fertilizer, light and dull leaves, thin and old leaves, short and thin branches, few flowers and too much nitrogen fertilizer will lead to overgrowth. The phosphate fertilizer foot plant is strong, with many flowers and bright colors. Phosphorus deficiency, few and thin branches, thin petals and short flowering period. When lack of potash fertilizer, the rhododendron branches are slender and the tissue is soft. It is appropriate to apply more nitrogen and potassium fertilizer when young trees and more phosphorus fertilizer when mature trees. If the soil has been alkalized, causing the leaves to lose green and turn yellow and white, ferrous sulfate should be applied. Fat and water should not be thick. Apply thin fertilizer diligently. Excessive concentration of liquid fertilizer will burn the roots and damage the plants.

Moisture requirement

1. Cuckoos are afraid of dryness and waterlogging. If the cuckoo pot soil is too much, the root will shrink, first the leaves will droop or curl, then the tip of the young leaves will become scorched yellow, and the serious ones will not recover for a long time and die day by day. The basin soil is too wet, the ventilation is small, causing rotten roots, the light leaves are yellow and early, the growth stops, and the heavy ones die.

2. If the cuckoo pot soil is too dry and causes root damage, the salvage method is to soak the roots in the water, put them in a cool place, and spray water on the leaves many times. If the yellow leaves fall early due to excessive humidity, the damaged plants should be placed in a ventilated place, the frequency and amount of watering should be controlled, and fertilization should be stopped to prevent disease and insect infection.

3. Cuckoos like humid environment, so they should always pour some water around the basin and on the leaves to keep the surrounding environment moist. If the surrounding environment is dry, cuckoos are very susceptible to disease. The rescue method is to put the sick cuckoo into the pit under the grape and other trees, covered with glass, the pit is often sprayed with water, the grape branches and leaves can penetrate oblique light, and the diseased flowers will slowly return to normal.

Light management

Cuckoos should bask in the sun more after budding, but pay attention to avoid direct light during flowering. The strong light will dilute the flowers and make the flowers wither earlier. Scattered light is required and good ventilation is required.

Matters needing attention

1. The roots of azaleas are as thin as hair, and there are few thick taproots. They are afraid of both dry and wet, especially heavy fertilizer. If too much watering, the root is soaked in water, too dry, branches and leaves atrophy, leaf petal fall off, a great threat to the plant, as for watering heavy fertilizer, it will be life-threatening.

2. after the flower fade, the residual flowers must be cut off to avoid fruiting and wasting nutrition. after the new branches germinate, they should be thinned properly and stay according to the growth of the plant.

3. Rhododendron is most suitable to be planted in muddy basin, because the mud basin absorbs water and breathes air, which is beneficial to the growth and development of roots and luxuriant branches and leaves.

4. Potted azaleas should be placed on the southeast balcony and should be ventilated and moved as little as possible. If it is not ventilated, it is easy to suffer from black spot disease and a large number of fallen leaves.

5. Cuckoos should also have moderate requirements for light, and avoid direct light in summer. Fertilization should grasp the application of thin fertilizer frequently, can be light but not strong, and apply organic compound fertilizer on the basin soil once a month. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed every 10 days for extra-root fertilization. Timely watering, you can also put edible vinegar in the water to increase acidity.

6. timely thinning of buds and leaves, removing part of the buds and leaves that have grown too much and too dense, so that the air is well ventilated and nutrients are concentrated on the buds. After the formation of buds, it is necessary to increase nutrition and apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, otherwise the buds will be transformed into leaf buds.

7. The main reasons for azaleas falling leaves and not blooming are: too much direct light in summer, frostbite, too much watering, too thick fertilization, too long indoor time, poor air circulation or dark and humid places, acid rain, and so on. so these situations should be avoided in the process of maintenance.

8. Turning the basin and changing the soil do not need to be carried out every year, usually once every 2 to 3 years, with as little damage to the roots as possible. The time should be after the blossom fade or in autumn, and topirazine should be sprayed at the same time to prevent diseases.

9. The pests of azaleas are mainly red spiders and aphids, which can be sprayed with permethrin, and the effect is better, such as not dying after three days, spray again. The disease is mainly black spot, which is caused by muggy environment and lack of light. Measures can be taken to promote air circulation on the one hand and spray Bordeaux solution and carbendazim on the other.

10. The propagation method of rhododendron is mainly cutting. Before and after Grain in Beard, select new branches, 5 cm to 10 cm long, cut off at the bifurcation point, peel off the lower leaves, leave 3 to 4 top leaves, insert the 1x3 of the branches into the soil, spray enough water, and cover with plastic film. It is necessary to strengthen the management at ordinary times and transplant a year later.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of potted rhododendron

Rhododendron is one of the top ten famous flowers in China, and it has always been a favorite flower, so how many people know how to plant azaleas in pots? Next, let's take a look with us.

Culture conditions of potted rhododendron

First, environmental conditions: it is best to have indoor and indoor environments for the cultivation of rhododendron. The indoor environment is used in winter. In the Yangtze River basin, as long as there is a certain amount of light and ventilation, there is generally no need to heat up. The northern winter is extremely cold and dry, so it is suitable to be cultivated in greenhouse at medium temperature (about 15 ℃). Outdoor site, used in summer and autumn, it is better to use clay land, and avoid cement land. The site should be spacious, ventilated and shady, with shade sheds, covered with Reed curtains or protected by natural trees, with a light transmittance of about 30%. Avoid sunning at night.

Second, basin soil requirements: azaleas like loose, strong permeability, good drainage, rich in humus acid soil, the PH value is 5.0mur6.0. If you use clay or alkaline soil, it is difficult to live. Summer cuckoos and rhododendrons, in particular, must be mountain soil. The mountain soil needs to be reformed. at present, three kinds of culture soil are usually used. The main results are as follows: (1) 7 parts of mountain soil, 1 part of dry moss grass, 2 parts of dry rot leaf soil and 1 part of dry fertilizer. (2) 3 parts of mountain skin soil (topsoil), 3 parts of horse manure, 3 parts of deciduous weeds and 1 part of human feces were piled in layers and screened for 2 years. (3) mix 3 parts of mountain soil, 3 parts of rotten leaf soil, 4 parts of garden soil and 2 parts of sand, and add 50 grams of sesame sauce dregs and bone powder in each basin.

Third, flowerpot selection: flowerpots for cultivating azaleas can be used according to the use, generally choosing mud pots and purple sand pots. The mud basin has good ventilation and permeability, which is beneficial to the growth of root system. The molded azaleas, especially the modeled azaleas, are furnished for indoor and outdoor furnishings, generally planted in a beautiful and quaint purple sand basin with delicate texture, rich color and beautiful shape, which can double the ornamental value. Purple sand basin permeability is not as good as mud basin, when planting, should be in the surrounding basin wall pad with broken tiles (old tiles) so as to facilitate drainage. The size of the selected pot depends on the age of the plant, generally using 5-inch pots for 4-6-year-old plants, 6-inch pots for 7-10-year-old plants, and 8-inch pots for reproductive plants in 11-15 years.

Culture methods of potted rhododendron

1. Potted soil: it is more appropriate to use an earthen basin if you want to use that kind of hole under it, which has a better ventilation effect. As the rhododendron has shallow roots and slow growth, smaller pots can be chosen so that watering will not be wasted and is more conducive to growth. In terms of basin soil, acid soil with loose texture and good drainage should be used, and some rotten leaf soil and sawdust can also be used. When filling basin soil, attention should be paid to using coarse soil at the bottom and fine soil at the top. In terms of renovating potted soil, newly planted plants can be planted once every 1 to 2 years, and those cultivated for more than 10 years can be changed once every 3 to 5 years, or not.

2. Watering: the roots of rhododendrons are very thin and their absorptive capacity is poor, and water can only be absorbed by roots in order to reach the flower body, so watering rhododendrons should be watered frequently except during the dormant period in winter, especially in the growth period, flowering period after March, and the high temperature period from July to September, the watering times should be increased, and it is best to ensure that they are watered about twice a day. Less watering can be done in autumn and winter. It should be noted that the tap water used to water the flowers is best stored with utensils for one or two days before watering the flowers.

3, illumination: rhododendron culture should ensure its sufficient light at any time, because sufficient light can bloom well, of course, hot summer can not be taken out to expose, but should strengthen shielding work to prevent being sunburned, in addition, in the flowering season should also do a good job of protection, can be protected by light screen, flowering period can not be exposed to the sun.

4. Fertilization: proper fertilization can make azaleas grow stronger and faster. Like most indoor flower farming, the principle of fertilization for rhododendrons is to apply more thin fertilizer, that is, if you put less at a time, you can apply more. In the old leaves turn green, during flowering, after flowering, appropriate fertilization for two to three times, during the hot weather, must not be fertilized. Azalea culture and fertilization can be used to choose grass juice water, fishy water, rapeseed cake and other materials. In addition, when diseased and weak branches are found, they should be cut off in time so as not to affect the healthy growth of other branches.

5. Disinfestation: in the process of rhododendron culture, the main pests are bulbous net bugs, aphids, etc. When pests are found, those with small quantities and visible to the naked eye can be wiped off with wet cloth strips, and if the amount is too much and the pests are serious, you should go to the local drugstore to buy insecticide solution for effective control, and pay attention to let the rhododendron flowerpot be placed in a well-ventilated, well-lit place and in a dark place, which is also one of the reasons for causing insect pests.

Matters needing attention in potted rhododendron cultivation

1. The roots of azaleas are as thin as hair, and there are few thick taproots. They are afraid of both dry and wet, especially heavy fertilizer. If too much watering, the root is soaked in water, too dry, branches and leaves atrophy, leaf petal fall off, a great threat to the plant, as for watering heavy fertilizer, it will be life-threatening.

2. after the flower fade, the residual flowers must be cut off to avoid fruiting and wasting nutrition. after the new branches germinate, they should be thinned properly and stay according to the growth of the plant.

3. Rhododendron is most suitable to be planted in a muddy basin, because the mud basin absorbs water and breathes air, which is beneficial to the growth and development of roots and luxuriant branches and leaves.

4. Potted azaleas should be placed on the southeast balcony and should be ventilated and moved as little as possible. If it is not ventilated, it is easy to suffer from black spot disease and a large number of fallen leaves.

5. Azaleas should also have moderate requirements for light, and avoid direct light in summer.

6. timely thinning of buds and leaves, removing part of the buds and leaves that have grown too much and too dense, so that the air is well ventilated and nutrients are concentrated on the buds. After the formation of buds, it is necessary to increase nutrition and apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, otherwise the buds will be transformed into leaf buds.

7. The main reasons for azaleas falling leaves and not blooming are: too much direct light in summer, frostbite, too much watering, too thick fertilization, too long indoor time, poor air circulation or dark and humid places, acid rain, and so on. so these situations should be avoided in the process of maintenance.

8. Turning the basin and changing the soil do not need to be carried out every year, usually once every 2 to 3 years, with as little damage to the roots as possible. The time should be after the blossom fade or in autumn, and topirazine should be sprayed at the same time to prevent diseases.