How to raise gardenia best? Key points of maintenance and Management of Gardenia jasminoides

Gardenia is evergreen all the year round, and blossoms around the Dragon Boat Festival every year. The flowers are white, silky and fragrant. They are excellent plants for city beautification, highway greening and garden bonsai, so gardenia has always been loved by people. But many people don't know how to raise gardenia after they buy it back. Let's follow the editor to see how to raise gardenia.

Culture Environment of Gardenia jasminoides

Gardenia likes warm, moist, adequate light and well-ventilated environment, but avoid strong light exposure, suitable for living in a slightly shaded place, resistant to semi-shade, afraid of stagnant water, more cold-resistant, can only be used as greenhouse potted flowers in Northeast, North and Northwest.

Propagation mode of Gardenia jasminoides

Gardenia can be propagated by a variety of methods of sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction, generally using cutting and striping methods for propagation, but also using ramet and sowing methods, but rarely used, generally northern pot plants are not easy to receive seeds.

1. Sexual reproduction

Generally choose full, dark red ripe fruit, even shell sun or dry as a seed, before sowing, use scissors to cut the seed pericarp, dig out the seed, rub in hot water to disperse, remove floating seeds or impurities, and then remove the sunken full seed, spread it on the bamboo mat, put it in a ventilated place to dry too much moisture. Generally choose Xiangyang hillside or Tufang, the soil layer is deep, loose and fertile sandy loam sowing, you can use the field edge corner planting, or interplanting with legumes. Before planting, plough the land 1 to 1.5 feet, remove miscellaneous trees, set up the border according to the width of 4 to 5 feet (the soil quality is better, the distance can be larger, otherwise it is smaller), the border is 6 inches high, and soil manure, green manure or human and animal manure can be used as base fertilizer, for example, 20,30 piculs of human manure per mu should be applied, and the soil should be raked after the soil is dried to level the border surface. Sow the ditch at a distance of 6 to 7 inches on the border surface, and the ditch is about 1 inch deep to be sown.

Gardenia can be sowed in spring or autumn, generally in spring, spring sowing before and after Rain Water, autumn sowing before and after the Autumn Equinox, seeds mixed with fire ash evenly sown in the sowing ditch, and then cover the flat sowing ditch with fine soil or fiery soil, cover the grass with water, and often keep the soil moist to facilitate seedling emergence, with seeds of 4 kilograms per mu. After emergence, we should pay attention to remove the cover grass in time, weed frequently in the seedling stage, be careful not to hurt the roots of the seedlings, need to dilute human feces and urine after weeding, and can be transplanted after raising seedlings for one year. If the transportation is far away, it is appropriate to use yellow mud slurry root, cover grass to moisturize, plant one plant in each hole, cover soil, compaction, and sprinkle water. After planting, weeding and topdressing is applied once every spring and summer, which can be applied to human and animal manure, barnyard manure, compost, cake fertilizer and so on. Before flowering in summer, it is better to apply fertilizer with more phosphorus and potassium content, and fertilization is generally carried out after weeding and loosening the soil.

2. Asexual reproduction

① cutting method: can be divided into spring cutting and autumn cutting. Spring planting is carried out in the middle and late February, and autumn insertion is carried out from late September to late October. There is a slight difference between the north and the south, but the survival rate is the highest between summer and autumn. Cuttings choose healthy 2-3-year-old branches, cut 10-12 cm, cut off the lower leaves, the top two leaves can be retained and cut off half, first dipped in vitamin B12 injection, and then obliquely inserted in the bed, leaving only one section above, pay attention to shade and maintain a certain humidity.

Generally, it can take root in 1 month, and it can take about 15 days under the condition of 80% relative humidity and 20-24 ℃. If soaked in 20 × 10 ^-6 × 10 ^-6 50 × 10 ^-6 indole butyric acid for 24 hours, the effect is better. When the rooting seedlings begin to grow, they can be transplanted or put on the pot for a single plant, and can blossom after 2 years. In the south, there are also those who are propagated by water insertion, that is, cuttings are inserted on a disc woven with Reed stalks and let them float on the surface of the water, so that their lower parts take root in the water, and then transplanted and cultivated.

② striping method: generally carried out before and after the Qingming Festival in April or in the Meiyu season. In April, one-year-old strong branches are selected from the 3-year-old mother plant, which are 25cm long and 30cm in length. Pull them to the ground and carve the buried parts of the branches. If you can dip the 200ppm powder acetic acid into the injured parts and cover them with soil compaction, it will be easier to take root. If there are trigeminal branches, you can get three seedlings at the fork at a time. Generally, it can take root after 20-30 days, can be separated from the mother plant after rooting in June, and can be planted separately with soil or a single plant in the next spring. Spring is the best way to transplant seedlings or potted plants, and it is necessary to bring soil balls in the rainy season. Keep the soil moist during the growing period, and water more during flowering and midsummer. Fertilize once a month and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer before flowering. Pruning and shaping in the early spring of the following year, and cut off dead branches and long branches in time.

After seeing the breeding environment and breeding mode of gardenia, let's take a look at how to raise gardenia.

Maintenance and Management of Gardenia jasminoides

Gardenia should be changed from April to May every year, and the basin soil can be mixed with alum fertilizer water residue, sand, fine furnace slag ash and rotten leaf soil. The suitable temperature for growth is 20 ℃-28 ℃. From late spring to early autumn, the weather is hot, pay attention to shading, high temperature, direct sunlight and poor air circulation. Otherwise, the leaves turn yellow.

1. Soil: it is suitable to be cultivated in humus-rich and fertile acidic soil, which is the key to the successful planting of families in the north. Generally, rotten leaf soil can be used to add 1 portion of rotten bean cake fertilizer, mixed with a certain amount of ferrous sulfate, or drenched with 0.2% ferrous sulfate or alum fertilizer water for 3 to 5 times.

2. Cultivation: when planting with cutting seedlings and striped seedlings, the root system of the plant should be fully extended, and the gap in the root system should be filled with fine soil. the density of the filled soil is about 85%, and attention should be paid to the tightening and loosening of the soil, and the depth is about 1 cm above the root system. After planting, it is advisable to pour water through the pot bottom in time.

3, management and maintenance: gardenia requires greater air humidity, the northern family can put water in the basin pad, and put a thin plate (about 3 cm), the water in the basin should not pass the thin plate, the flowerpot can be put on the thin plate, pay attention to often add water. The principle of watering is dry and thoroughly watered with Rain Water, snow water or fermented rice water. If it is tap water, it should be placed for 2 to 3 days before use. Water containing 0.2% ferrous sulfate or apply alum fertilizer water every 7 to 10 days during the growing period. Gardenia in summer should be maintained in places with scattered light under the tree shade, and often watering and foliar spraying in early spring, summer and autumn to increase humidity. Winter should be placed in the sun, stop fertilization, watering should not be too much, you can often use water close to room temperature to irrigate branches and leaves to keep the leaves clean, especially in rooms with heating in the north. Do not put the flowerpot on the front of the radiator or air conditioner to avoid dehydration of the leaves.

4. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: shell insects, red spiders and soot disease should occur in Gardenia jasminoides at high temperature and poor ventilation in summer. 1000 times of dimethoate EC can be sprayed to prevent shell insects, 40% of triamcinofol EC 1000 to 1500 times to control red spiders, but also can reduce the incidence of soot disease, families for the sake of safety can be sprayed with detergent, but also has a certain effect.

5. Change the basin: generally turn the basin once in 1 to 2 years, and the best in spring. In order to effectively prevent the basins from being alkalized, turn the basin once a year, buckle the basin before changing the basin, and buckle the basin when it is slightly loose after the basin is dry. Generally stop watering for about 10 days. When changing the basin, cut off part of the roots, such as disease and insect roots, too numerous roots, and then plant.

6. Shaping and pruning: generally carried out in spring, excessively long branches, weak branches and other random branches that affect the plant shape are cut off to keep the plant shape graceful. Gardenia is the top flower, and the top coring can be carried out appropriately in the growing season to promote the growth of flower branches and increase the number of flowers.

7. Gardenia prefers acidic soil, while the northern soil is mostly neutral or alkaline, which leads to the lack of iron that can be used by plants in the soil, which is one of the main reasons for the yellowing of gardenia leaves. Therefore, the cultivation of Gardenia jasminoides should choose fertile acid culture soil. Generally, it can be mixed with 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, 4 parts of garden soil and 2 parts of sandy soil. Every kilogram of culture soil mixed with 1-2 grams of sulfur powder, it is best to water gardenia with Rain Water or fermented rice water. During the growth period, 0.2% ferrous sulfate is applied every 10-15 days, or alum fertilizer is applied every 10-15 days (the two can be carried out alternately). This can not only prevent the soil from becoming alkaline, but also replenish the soil with iron, thus preventing the leaves from turning yellow.

8. Gardenia likes to be moist. In addition to keeping the basin soil moist at ordinary times, we must also pay attention to increasing air humidity. This is because the climate of the north is different from that of the south, which is dry in spring, often blown dry winds, strong light intensity in summer, hot weather and cold and dry climate in winter. Therefore, in spring and summer, it is necessary to spray foliage with clear water every morning and evening and sprinkle water to the nearby ground to increase air humidity. Watering should be less in winter, but branches and leaves still need to be sprayed and washed frequently to keep the leaves clean.

9. Gardenia likes semi-overcast and is afraid of strong light exposure, so the degree of shade should be about 50%. If exposed to the sun, the leaves are easy to turn yellow and whiten until they fall off. Therefore, in summer, it is necessary to put under the shade shed or with scattered light to cultivate, so that it can see more sunlight in the morning and evening, so as to prevent the leaves from turning yellow.

10. Gardenia likes fertilizer. In addition to applying organic fertilizer as base fertilizer in pots, topdressing should be applied frequently during growth and development, and thin fertilizer is advisable. In addition to frequent application of alum fertilizer and water, 2-3 times of available phosphate fertilizer should be applied after budding, such as 0.5% superphosphate and so on.

11. Gardenia is not cold-resistant, so you should pay attention to entering and leaving the room at the right time. Generally enter the room in the middle of October, the room temperature should be kept at 10 ℃-12 ℃, the minimum should not be less than 0 ℃. It is not advisable to leave the room too early in spring, usually in late April.

How to raise gardenia? Matters needing attention in maintenance of Gardenia jasminoides

A song "gardenia blooming" not only awakens the green memories of how many people, but also attracts many friends to want to grow gardenia at home. So, how to raise gardenia? What are the main points to pay attention to? Let's learn more about it:

Picture: gardenia

1. Soil

Mizihua likes to grow in acidic soil with more humus. It can be mixed with 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, 4 parts of vegetable garden soil, 1 part of soybean meal (mature) and 1 part of river sand, with good water permeability and air permeability, and then mixed with 0.5% black alum or sulfur.

Second, temperature

The best temperature for growth and development of Gardenia jasminoides is 20-25 ℃, and the optimum temperature for flowering is 26-28 ℃. The plants cultured for 4-5 years can endure a short-term low temperature of-3 ℃, suffer frost injury below-5 ℃, the leaves blacken and fall off, and the young shoots freeze to death. In winter, indoor maintenance should be kept at 6-10 ℃ degrees, and the minimum should not be less than 0 ℃. If the room temperature is higher than 15 ℃, the south-facing doors and windows should be opened, properly ventilated and lowered the temperature, otherwise it is easy to cause germination and will be damaged in case of low temperature, which is very disadvantageous to the growth and flowering of the following year.

Third, lighting

Gardenia likes adequate light, especially in spring and autumn, giving more than 8 hours of sunshine a day, otherwise it is disadvantageous to its growth and development and winter overwintering. Summer avoid noon strong light exposure, otherwise the leaves will turn yellow, to place astigmatism maintenance, light transmittance up to 40-50% is appropriate. Put indoors in the south-facing direct sunlight place in winter.

Picture: gardenia

IV. Fertilization

Gardenia is not a very fertile flower, but due to its exuberant growth and limited nutrients in the basin soil, it needs reasonable fertilizer during the growing period. When mature human feces, urine or cake fertilizer is applied every 10 days or so, watering should be stopped one day before fertilization, and permeable water should be watered at the same time on the day of fertilization. Fertilizer will be stopped from the middle of September. The adult plants were added 0.5-1 taels of sesame sauce residue in mid-June and mid-August respectively, which were fully mixed with topsoil after crushing.

Sixth, pick the heart

In order to regulate and control the growth of gardenia, make the plant shape beautiful and promote flowering, when the exuberant growth will stop in spring, the top of the new branch will be removed to promote the full axillary bud at the base of the branch and the formation of flower bud.

Key points of conservation of potted gardenia

Gardenia (details) evergreen leaves, fragrant and elegant flowers, is an important balcony courtyard ornamental plant. There are many varieties of gardenia, pot maintenance is very simple, follow the following steps to maintain it!

Gardenia (details)

1. Choose suitable basin soil.

Gardenia likes acidic soil, and the suitable pH value is 5 to 6. Prepare suitable soil before planting. If the pH of the soil is not suitable, the maintenance after that is very troublesome.

Cultivation soil usually choose rotten leaf soil, peat soil plus half of the garden soil, do not use cinder, or directly buy gentleman orchid special soil, convenient and practical.

2. Rational fertilization

Gardenia likes fertilizer, and rotten cake fertilizer is added to the soil as base fertilizer when planting.

Cake fertilizer and ferrous sulfate are used to make fertilizer and water in the growing season and irrigated once a week. Fully nutritious organic liquid fertilizer can also be used.

Topdressing for 1-2 times at budding stage and watering the aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate can make the flowers fat and fragrant.

The temperature is above 35 ℃ in summer and 15 ℃ in autumn, and fertilizer application is stopped.

3. Scientific watering

Gardenia likes a moist environment. During the growing period from April to September, keep the basin soil moist, water dry and wet, and spray the leaves at night to maintain humidity. If the plant grows too fast, don't water it at night. Water it when the sun comes out in the morning.

In the northern alkali water area, when watering, the tap water will be watered after one day. For 3-5 days, pour a little citric acid solution to keep the leaves green.

4. Bask in the sun

The growth of gardenia needs plenty of sunlight, if placed in the semi-shade for a long time, the flower branches are thin and slender. During maintenance, in addition to 7 stroke 8 and noon need shade and winter hibernation, the rest of the time can be maintained in the sun.

5. Good dormancy in winter

Although gardenia is cold-tolerant, the root system of potted gardenia will be damaged after severe winter and recover slowly in spring. But in the room with heating, the temperature is higher, the light is insufficient, the plant growth slows down, and the flowering is later in the second year. The best way is to put the potted plant in a 5 ℃ environment to hibernate, or wrap the flowerpot with thermal insulation material and put it outside in the sunny leeward to survive the winter.

6. Proper pruning

When the trunk of Gardenia jasminoides grows to 20 cm, hit the top, leaving 3-4 branches to promote branches. After flowering every year, prune lightly and cut off weak and diseased branches. But gardenia can not be cut short in spring, otherwise it will be difficult to blossom in that year.

7. Change the basin soil at the right time

Gardenia is full of vitality, and the seedlings grow from a few centimeters to dozens of centimeters, so the pot should be changed according to the size of the plant. When the branch length of the plant is 2 to 3 times the diameter of the flowerpot, the pot needs to be changed. When changing the basin, you should trim the old roots in time, change half of the soil, pour water through, put it in the semi-shade for a week, grow new buds and move to the sun.