Field cultivation techniques and pot culture methods of crabapple flowers

Begonia flower is endemic to China. Growing in the plains and mountains of 50 to 2000 meters above sea level, it can be artificially introduced and cultivated as deciduous small trees. Begonia like light, cold resistance, avoid waterlogging, avoid too wet air, more resistant to drought, soil quality and water requirements are not strict, the most suitable to be born in fertile, loose and well-drained sandy loam.

Reproduction method

Begonia flowers are commonly used for sowing, ramet and grafting propagation. Sowing can be sowed in autumn or in spring after sand storage, and the seedlings grow slowly and blossom after 5 to 6 years, and often produce variation, so it is only used for rootstock cultivation and cross breeding.

Horticultural varieties are often propagated by grafting, with bauhinia or begonia seedlings as rootstocks, branch grafting and bud grafting can be used, branch grafting can be done by cutting and crackling, and bud grafting is often done by "T" shape grafting. Grafting before sprouting in spring or between July and September in autumn. Propagate separately before sprouting in spring or after defoliation in autumn and winter. Spring striping and root insertion. The seeds must be treated by low temperature stratification for 30-100 days before sowing in spring. After seedlings are planted, the soil should be kept loose and fertile, and pond mud or fertile soil can be cultivated in the rhizosphere every autumn. Carry on a pruning in spring, cut off the withered and weak branches, keep the tree shape evacuated, ventilated and transparent.

Generally multi-row ground planting, but you can also make pile scenery to implement potted plants. The suitable planting period is before sprouting in early spring or after defoliation in early winter. when the seedling comes out of the nursery, keeping the intact root system of the seedling is one of the keys to the survival of planting.

Cultivation techniques

Generally, large seedlings should be planted with soil balls, and small seedlings should stay in the lodging soil according to the situation. After the seedlings are planted, the tending management should be strengthened, and the soil should be kept loose and fertile. A batch of pond mud or fertile soil can be cultivated in the rhizosphere every autumn and winter.

A pruning was carried out from the defoliation to the sprouting in early spring to cut off the weak branches, disease and insect branches in order to keep the crown open, ventilated and transparent. In order to promote the vigorous flowering of the plant, it is necessary to truncate the overgrown branches to reduce the nutrient consumption of germination, so that the remaining axillary buds can get more nutrients and form more flowering and fruiting branches. Fruit branches and middle branches need not be pruned. During the growth period if the heart can be removed in time and the vegetative growth is restricted in the early stage the effect will be more significant. The pile scenery of potted plants should be controlled in this way.

In early July, potted crabapple trees were moved to shady places to cool down, reduce light and control watering. Watering should be slowly reduced to make the leaves of the plant yellow and fall off on its own, so as to promote its dormancy. Then continue a small amount of watering in order to maintain life and not sprout new buds. In this way, after a dormant period of 35-45 days, the plant was placed in full light, watered and fertilized with liquid fertilizer to awaken and sprout new buds (leaf buds and flower buds). After another 5-7 days, you can see the bright crabapple flowers.

In addition, we can also make use of the temperature-sensitive habit of its bud to use the method of heating to promote flowering in the middle of winter, move the potted begonia pile scene into the sunny part of the greenhouse, pour water thoroughly, add liquid fertilizer, and then spray water on the plant branches every day to keep the room temperature at 20-25 ℃. After 30-40 days, it can also blossom, which can be used for New Year's Day or Spring Festival decoration. Water raises big branches and cut flowers, which can also be promoted in the greenhouse. It can be raised in batches throughout the winter and can be used whenever it is opened.

Daily management

1. Watering and fertilizing

It is appropriate to keep the basin soil moist for watering. Drought and midsummer weather also need to spray water on the leaf surface and the ground, and increasing air humidity is beneficial to growth. Avoid stagnant water in the basin and get caught in the rain, otherwise the roots are easy to rot. In winter, the basin soil is slightly dry, spraying leaves and environment with clean water every 7 days, which not only increases humidity but also makes leaves clean. During the growth period, thin cake fertilizer and water were applied once every 10 days, and quick-acting phosphate fertilizer was applied in the bud stage. Pay attention to fertilization, do not splash fertilizer on the leaves; flowering and winter and summer should not be fertilized.

2. Light and temperature

The suitable temperature for the growth of bamboo begonia is 18-20 ℃, and it has a well-ventilated and scattered light environment. Measures such as shading, ventilation and water spraying should be taken in high temperature season, and it is better to keep room temperature above 10 ℃ in winter, which can be placed in a place with plenty of sunshine. During the growing season, the family should be exposed to outdoor scattered light once or twice a week, and should be placed in a sunny shelter in winter.

3. Lashing and turning the basin

As the bamboo crabapple plant is relatively tall, it is necessary to use thin bamboo and other things to set up support branches to prevent lodging. At the same time, it is necessary to change pots, change soil and prune every spring, cutting off weak branches, overlapping branches and residual roots. For the plants that have flowered for 2-3 years, the plants that are too high should be truncated, leaving only 6-10 cm of the stem to germinate new branches.

Disease prevention and cure

1. Brown spot

[symptoms and incidence regularity] Brown spot occurred on the leaves, showing brown spots at the beginning of the disease, the edge was not clear, then gradually expanded and increased, the color gradually changed to grayish brown, the middle color was darker, and the edge color was lighter; in the later stage of the disease, the disease spot dried up, and there were black particles, which finally led to the withering and yellowing of the leaves. The disease is caused by half-known fungal infection, which overwinters on the diseased remains of the host plant and spreads by wind, rain and watering. The disease is very easy to occur under the conditions of no ventilation and high temperature and humidity, and the peak period is from August to October.

[prevention and control methods] pay attention to tree pruning, strengthen ventilation and light transmission; spray stone-sulfur mixture on the plant once during winter dormancy to prevent; if there is a disease, use 65% Dysen zinc wettable granule 1000 times liquid or 70% methyl topiramate wettable granule 1000 times solution, once every 10 days, continuous spraying 3 times 4 times can effectively control the disease.

2. Ulcer disease

[symptoms and incidence regularity] the disease mainly infects branches. At the beginning of the disease, there are small reddish-brown round spots, after the expansion of the disease spot, the edge of the disease spot rises, and the disease spot produces cracks. When the humidity is high, white mildew will be produced around the crack; in the later stage of the disease, the disease spot will dry and fall off, and the xylem will be exposed. Bulging healing tissue will be produced around it. The pathogen overwintered with mycelium in the infected tissue, and produced conidia in the following spring. It was spread by wind and watering, and invaded from the wound. The main infection period was before and after defoliation.

[control methods] the planting topography and soil conditions should meet the requirements of the ecological habits of begonia flowers; the management of water and fertilizer should be put in place in time to enhance the tree potential and improve the disease resistance of the plant; at the initial stage of the disease, the disease spot was scraped off with a disinfected knife and the wound was disinfected with 10 Bomedo stone sulfur mixture.

How to raise Begonia Flowers in potted plants

Crabapple flower is known as "national beauty". The flower appearance of begonia is wonderful and its ornamental value is very high. Su Shi once wrote "only afraid of sleeping late at night, so burning high candles according to red makeup" is enough to prove the charm of crabapple flowers. How to raise crabapple flowers in that family? Then Xiaoqi shared the breeding methods and matters needing attention of begonia flowers.

I. Culture methods of crabapple flowers

Crabapple flowers like light, but also withstand semi-shade. Strong adaptability, cold tolerance and drought tolerance. Soil requirements are not strict, generally in good drainage areas can be cultivated, but avoid low-lying, saline-alkali land. It has strong sprouting power and can be pruned. Begonia flowers are extremely hardy, so they can withstand cold weather, but they must also have a certain degree. Generally speaking, begonia can grow well at minus 15 degrees and can be placed outdoors, but if it is particularly cold, such as minus 30 or 40 degrees, we should pay attention to take protective measures.

The planting and turning of crabapple flowers should stop from February to March, or in the twilight of autumn. It is appropriate to use loose and fertile garden soil, humus mixed with sand or rice chaff ash as substrate, and mountain mud can also be used. When going up or turning the basin, a large number of rotten cake crumbs and bone meal can be included in the bottom of the basin as base fertilizer. The young trees make rapid progress, and the pots can be turned every 1-2 years, and the old stumps can be 2-3 years away. When turning the basin, the roots and branches need to be trimmed to increase elegance and maintain average. Begonia flowers should be treated in sunny, ventilated gardens. If there is a lack of light, the progress will be poor and there is no need for shade in summer. Crabapple flowers are more cold-resistant, they can be buried in the outdoor shelter from the wind and the rising sun in summer, or they can be moved into brilliant indoor wintering, and the temperature can be kept at 0 ℃. If the indoor temperature is heated in summer, you can blossom in advance and leave the room in March of the following year.

Begonia flower cultivation should keep the basin soil moist, but not stagnant water. Proper watering is needed in spring and summer. Watering should be real-time and strong at low temperature in midsummer, such as lack of water, leaf edge is easy to scorch, watering is gradually eliminated after cool autumn, and less watering after defoliation in summer to prevent rotting roots. It is a deciduous tree species and should not spray too much water on the branches and leaves. Crabapple flowers like fertilizer, can be properly applied, should pay attention to the common use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. If nitrogen fertilizer is used too much, it is easy to cause the sign of luxuriant branches and thin flowers. After flowering in spring, nitrogen fertilizer is mainly applied to promote the progress of branches and leaves. More phosphorus and potash fertilizers are applied in summer and spring to facilitate the decomposition of flower buds and ensure that the flowers are colorful. Fertilizer can be used as cake fertilizer, human feces and urine, bone meal, chicken dung, fishy water and so on.

The flower of crabapple has strong germination ability and rapid progress. Need careful hairdressing and pruning. After falling leaves in summer to before sprouting in spring, chaotic branches such as withered branches, disease and insect branches, weak branches, cross branches, stacked branches and over-dense branches can be cut off. After blooming in spring, depending on the demand of appearance, you can properly truncate overlong branches, promote the division of lateral branches, increase the number of flower buds, and ensure that the flowers are unique in the coming year. In addition, after sprouting in spring, the bud heads of too many begonia seedlings that are too dense and in poor status can be erased to prevent their weak branches from spreading.

II. Matters needing attention in flower culture of crabapple

1. It is appropriate to keep the basin soil moist for watering. Drought and midsummer weather also need to spray water on the leaf surface and the ground, and increasing air humidity is beneficial to growth. Avoid stagnant water in the basin and get caught in the rain, otherwise the roots are easy to rot. In winter, the basin soil is slightly dry, spraying leaves and environment with clean water every 7 days, which not only increases humidity but also makes leaves clean. During the growth period, thin cake fertilizer and water were applied once every 10 days, and quick-acting phosphate fertilizer was applied in the bud stage. Pay attention to fertilization, do not splash fertilizer on the leaves; flowering and winter and summer should not be fertilized.

2. The suitable temperature for the growth of bamboo crabapple is 18-20 ℃, which has a well-ventilated and scattered light environment. Measures such as shading, ventilation and water spraying should be taken in high temperature season, and it is better to keep room temperature above 10 ℃ in winter, which can be placed in a place with plenty of sunshine. During the growing season, the family should be exposed to outdoor scattered light once or twice a week, and should be placed in a sunny shelter in winter.

3. The bamboo crabapple plant is relatively tall, so it is necessary to set up support branches with thin bamboo and other things to prevent lodging. At the same time, every spring, we need to turn the basin, change the soil, prune and cut off the weak branches, overlapping branches and residual roots. For the plants that have flowered for 2-3 years, the plants that are too high should be truncated, leaving only 6-10 cm of the stem to germinate new branches.

The above is how to raise crabapple flowers and crabapple flower culture methods and matters needing attention. Before breeding crabapple flowers, we should first understand the breeding methods of begonia flowers, so that we do not have to worry about raising live crabapple flowers.

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The Propagation method of Begonia Flower pot cultivation

Many friends like to put a few pots of flowers at home as decoration, and crabapple flower is one of the choices, then how to raise crabapple potted plants? The following is for us to sort out the contents of the breeding methods of crabapple pot cultivation. I hope you like it!

Culture method of Begonia Flower in Pot

1. Crabapple flowers in the West House like the sun, and they have strong cold resistance, but the requirements for air humidity are also very strict. Don't be waterlogged, and the air humidity can't be too high. It is suitable to grow in sandy soil with loose fertility and good drainage.

2. Begonia flowers can be propagated by grafting, plant division, root insertion, striping and so on. The grafting method is divided into branch grafting and bud grafting, the branch grafting is generally carried out from February to March, and the bud grafting is carried out from August to September. The root is inserted from February to March, the root diameter is about 1cm, and the root length between 7-10cm is inserted into the soil. Ramet and striping are suitable for spring, and the survival rate is relatively high.

3. Western begonia likes to be fat and grows fast, so the flowerpot should not be too shallow and too small, otherwise it will have to be replaced soon. In addition, the planting and turning of pots in Xifuhai is best carried out from February to March, and it is also possible in late autumn. The use of loose, fertile garden soil, humus mixed with sand can also use mud. The young trees of begonia grow so fast that they have to turn the basin every 1-2 years, and the roots and branches can be trimmed to ensure a beautiful effect.

4. Western crabapple is suitable to be placed in a sunny, ventilated place, if it is placed in a cool place for a long time, it will lead to poor growth, so there is no need for shade even in hot summer. Crabapple flowers have strong cold tolerance and can be moved directly to the sunny place indoors in winter.

5. Xifu Begonia requires watering as long as the basin soil is moist, but there is no stagnant water, otherwise it will cause leaf yellowing, shedding and other phenomena. In the cold winter, you can stop watering and spray fertilizer and water to the leaves instead, so as to prevent the roots of crabapple flowers from rotting.

Growth habits of Begonia grown in potted plants

Begonia likes sunshine, is not tolerant to shade, and avoids dampness. Begonia flowers are extremely hardy and have strong adaptability to cold and arid climates, so they can withstand cold climates. generally speaking, begonia can grow well at minus 15 ℃ and can be placed outdoors, but if it is particularly cold, such as minus 30 or 40 ℃, we should pay attention to take protective measures. Begonia likes the sun and is suitable to grow in a sunny environment. If it is kept in a cool place for a long time, it will grow badly, so it must be kept sunny.

Propagation methods of Begonia Flower in Pot

Commonly used sowing, ramet and grafting propagation. Mainly by grafting, but also can be striped and ramet, sowing method is only used for breeding. Grafted rootstocks are often used in crabapple fruit Liriodendron or mountain bauhinia. It is resistant to extensive cultivation and has wide adaptability. In cultivation, as long as proper irrigation, fertilization, and attention to shaping and pruning, healthy flowers can be propagated. Sowing can be sowed in autumn or in spring after sand storage. The seedlings grow slowly and can not blossom until 5-6 years later, and often produce variation, so they are only used for rootstock cultivation and cross breeding. Horticultural varieties are often propagated by grafting, with bauhinia or begonia seedlings as rootstocks, branch grafting, bud grafting, branch grafting, split grafting, and bud grafting. Ramets are mostly before sprouting in early spring or after defoliation in autumn and winter.

Grafting before sprouting in spring or between July and September in autumn. Propagate separately before sprouting in spring or after defoliation in autumn and winter. Spring striping and root insertion. The seeds must be treated by low temperature stratification for 30-100 days before sowing in spring. After seedlings are planted, the soil should be kept loose and fertile, and pond mud or fertile soil can be cultivated in the rhizosphere every autumn. Carry on a pruning in spring, cut off the withered and weak branches, keep the tree shape evacuated, ventilated and transparent. Generally multi-row ground planting, but you can also make pile scenery to implement potted plants. The suitable planting period is before sprouting in early spring or after defoliation in early winter. When the seedling comes out of the nursery, keeping the intact root system of the seedling is one of the keys to the survival of planting.

Morphological characteristics of flowerpot cultivation of begonia

Begonia is a tree, up to 8 m tall; branchlets stout, Terete, pubescent when young, gradually deciduous, reddish brown or purple-brown when old, glabrous; winter buds ovate, apex acuminate, puberulent, purple-brown, with several exserted scales. Leaf blade elliptic to long elliptic, 5-8 cm long and 2-3 cm wide, apex shortly acuminate or obtuse, base broadly cuneate or subrounded, margin closely serrulate, sometimes partially subentire, upper and lower surfaces sparsely pubescent when young, later glabrescent, old leaves glabrous; petiole 1.5-3 cm long, pubescent; stipules membranous, narrowly lanceolate, apex acuminate, entire, inner villous.

Inflorescences subumbellate, with 5-8 flowers, pedicels 2-3 cm long, pilose; bracts membranous, lanceolate, caducous; flowers 4-5 cm in diameter; calyx tube glabrous or white tomentose outside; sepals triangular-ovate, 3 mm long, shorter or subequal than calyx tube, apex acute, entire, outside glabrous or occasionally sparsely tomentose, inner surface densely white tomentose, sepals slightly shorter than calyx tube Petals ovate, 2-2.5 cm long and 1.5-2 cm wide, with short claws at base, white, pink in bud; stamens 20-25 (30), filaments unequal, about half of petals; style 5, sparse 4, white velvet at base, slightly longer than stamens.

Fruit subglobose, 1.5-2 cm in diam., yellow, sepals persistent, base not sunken, pedicel raised; fruiting pedicel slender, apex fleshy, 3-4 cm long. The florescence is from April to May and the fruiting period is from August to September.