Differences and Management of Traditional Gastrodia elata Varieties in Sexual Hybridization Breeding

The local varieties with growth advantages were selected and crossed with the introduced excellent varieties, and the seeds produced were the sexual hybrids of Gastrodia elata. The sexual hybrid of Gastrodia elata is a very fine seed like powder, which must be planted with germinating bacteria; after it has grown to a certain extent, Armillaria mellea can be used to provide nutrition for it. The sexual hybrid seed of Gastrodia elata, like maize seed, has obvious hybrid advantage, which solves the problem of seed degeneration and yield decline in the process of long-term asexual planting, and the planting area of hemp seed produced in the year of planting 1 square meter is generally expanded by 5-15 times. The stable period of planting yield is 3-5 years, from the second year, there is no need to repurchase hemp seeds. Small investment can achieve the effect of large-scale and sustainable development. In the process of cultivating Gastrodia elata seeds, we can select varieties of Gastrodia elata with high quality, high yield, early maturity and strong disease resistance. at the same time, we can also cultivate new varieties with higher yield by artificial pollination. Gastrodia elata generally needs more than 6 months to grow. Asexual planting can be carried out from late October to May of the next year, and can be harvested from November to May of the next year. Of course, due to the different temperatures in different places, the harvest time should be arranged according to the situation on the ground. Under normal circumstances, each square meter can produce about 30 jin of fresh hemp in that year, and only spray water about 10 times a year. It can be sprayed twice a month in 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 months, twice a month per square meter, with a total water consumption of about 20 jin. The management is very simple and does not need to be managed by individual personnel.