How to cultivate mushrooms scientifically?

How to cultivate Lentinus edodes scientifically? Please guide the following cultivation methods of Lentinus edodes for reference: first, select the main varieties. There are many varieties of Lentinus edodes, so the varieties should be selected reasonably according to the local actual situation. 1. Mushroom type: there are 135,103, 9903, L241 Murray 4. It is a late-maturing, medium-and low-temperature strain with thick meat and round cap, which is easy to form flower mushrooms. The growth temperature of mycelium was 6 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ and the temperature of mushroom production was 6 ℃ ~ 25 ℃. 2. Medium-temperature type: such as Suxiang 1, 8065, mushroom-shaped round, medium-sized, thick meat, fast fungus, strong resistance, high yield, mushroom temperature 8 ℃ ~ 30 ℃, is the main variety sold freshly. 3. Medium-high temperature type: L26, L21, mushroom temperature 8 ℃ ~ 32 ℃, mushroom under high temperature, small mushroom shape, thin cover and light color. Second, scientific cultivation. The speed of mycelial decomposition medium is slow, and it is easy to be infected by competitive miscellaneous bacteria when the environment is more than 26 ℃. Therefore, in the season when the temperature drops below 30 ℃, we should seize the time to bag and inoculate, shorten the bacteria-forming period, and strive to change color to produce mushrooms at the appropriate temperature. The suitable medium formula for fungus and mushroom production is as follows: 1. 78% sawdust and 22% wheat bran. 2. 60% of sawdust, 20% of cotton husk and 20% of wheat bran. At the same time, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate were added to each formula. Mix the mixture with 1500 times liquid or carbendazim. The mixed material should be bagged in time, the size of the bag should be 17 × 45 cm or 20 × 45 cm, and the thickness of the bag should be more than 5 wires (0.5 mm). The material should be packed tightly and sterilized under normal pressure in time after loading the material. When the temperature in the stove reaches 100 ℃, the temperature can not drop for 10 hours. After 10 hours, wait for the natural cooling for 4 hours before coming out. Put the bacteria bag into the pre-sterilized inoculation room and let it cool naturally. Before inoculation, the inoculation room will be fumigated again, each cubic meter of space with formalin 15ml plus potassium permanganate 20 grams for gasification fumigation, and then sealed for 10 hours before entering the inoculation operation. There are 6 inoculation holes in 17 × 45 cm bags and 3 rows of 9 holes in 20 × 45 cm bags. When inoculating, seal the hole with bacteria, and then seal it with adhesive tape. The bag that received the seed was put into a shed of 20 ℃ ~ 28 ℃ to send bacteria. When the hyphae spread around the inoculation hole with a diameter of 5 cm, the micropores could be pierced at the hyphae for 2 or 3 times to promote post-ripening. When the whole bag is full of mycelium, the primordium is protruding in the bag, and the whole bag is soft and elastic, you can be ready to enter the management stage of mushroom production. When the temperature in the greenhouse is stable between 20 ℃ and 28 ℃, transport the bags into the greenhouse and arrange them. According to the different quality of mushroom management, such as focus on the cultivation of flower mushroom, then do not open the bag in the early stage, by the mushroom part to open a small hole, let it produce mushroom. The mushroom shed should be ventilated and cooled, the air humidity is less than 60%, and the temperature is below 15 ℃, which can produce high-quality white mushrooms. For the cultivation of fresh mushrooms, you can open the bag before the mushroom, moisturize and keep warm in the shed, and promote the color change of the tube bag to produce mushroom. Generally out of the two tide mushroom bag, the water content is less than 50%, need to inject water or filling bag to replenish water, which is beneficial to mushroom production. The management of mushroom production period is mainly soaked in water and carried out in a cycle. The standard of high-quality shiitake mushrooms is not to open umbrellas, so they should be picked in time when the mushroom cap is in the inner roll. Third, disease and pest control. When making the finished bag in autumn, we should strengthen the control of each link and strictly prevent the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria. For the control of mixed bacteria such as green mold, Rhizopus, Aspergillus flavus, Streptomyces and so on, the mixture should be mixed with the liquid of 1000-1500 or 500-fold of carbendazim, the inoculation room should be sterilized strictly and inoculated closed. The bacteria-sending place is required to be dry and ventilated, and the contaminated bags should be removed in time. During the opening of the bags, the locally contaminated bags should be discharged uniformly, spray and wash with 500 times of mushroom liquid, and then dry. The mushroom tube placed in dry land should be checked frequently. It is found that the damage of termites can be prevented in time by soaking or spraying and watering ant nests with 2000 times solution. Click to get more cultivation techniques of Lentinus edodes