Feeding and management techniques of partridges

Partridge meat is delicious and nutritious, the protein content is as high as 30.1%, which contains 8 kinds of essential amino acids, while the fat content is only 3.6%. It is a kind of high-quality game meat with high protein and low cholesterol. The partridges currently raised are American red-legged partridges domesticated by the United States. In recent years, the scale of artificial breeding of partridges has gradually increased in our country, and there are many problems in breeding and management, especially in the breeding and management of young partridges. The management measures are briefly introduced as follows for reference.

Brooding methods and cages

The ways of brooding are caged and flat breeding. The cage can be raised with ordinary chicken cages, with barbed wire of 1x1 cm around and on the top, and 0.5cm barbed wire at the bottom of the cage. Pingyu can choose a house with a leeward to the sun as a nursery, preferably a cement floor, which can protect against rats, keep warm, and facilitate cleaning and disinfection, but use sawdust and rice husks as cushions.

Brooding preparation

The site, cage, material trough and sink should be cleaned and disinfected. Prepare formula feed and additives, as well as necessary medicines. 3-6 hours before entering the chick, the cage should be preheated.

Temperature

Temperature is the first condition for the success or failure of brooding. Even if brooding in summer, the temperature difference between day and night is large, it still needs heating. The brooding temperature was 37.5-36 ℃ in the first week, then decreased by about 1 ℃ per week, and the heat preservation time was 30-45 days. If the temperature of brooding is too high, the chicks will stay away from the heat source, gasp and drink more water. The brood temperature is too low, accumulates under the heat source, the appetite drops, the drinking water reduces, because the accumulation is easy to cause crush death, crush injury.

Humidity

Young partridges like to be dry and afraid of dampness. Within 1 week of age, the relative humidity in the brooding house should be 65%, and from the second week on, it should be kept at 55%, 60%. The main measure to keep dry and moistureproof is to remove the accumulated dung regularly.

Density

Excessive feeding density not only affects the growth of young partridges, but also easily leads to pecking habits. The chicks at the age of 10 days are 40-50 l square meters, 30 / square meters from 10 to 4 weeks old, and 20 / 25 / square meters at 5-8 weeks old.

Ventilation

Under the condition of doing a good job of heat preservation, strive for fresh indoor air, properly open the doors and windows of the nursery or enable mechanical ventilation to discharge dirty air. When ventilating, we should pay attention to prevent the cold wind from blowing directly to the young partridges, so as to prevent catching cold and getting sick. Whether the indoor air is clean or not, the feeling of not sulking or irritating eyes and nose when people enter the house shall prevail.

Light

The time and intensity of light have great influence on the feeding, drinking water and growth of young pigeons. Light was given for 21-23 hours at the age of 1 week, and the intensity was 15-20 lux. From the 8th day, the light was reduced by 1 hour a day to 10 hours, and the light intensity was 10 lux. Artificial light can be stopped and natural light can be taken at the end of the third week. In order to obtain the ideal growth rate, meat partridge can be illuminated for 20 hours after 1 week of age, and the light intensity is 5 lux.

Drinking water

Partridge 12-24 hours after the shell water supply, prepared in advance after boiling cooling water, drinking water temperature should be close to room temperature. If partridges are fed for more than 36 hours, it will affect their health and even cause death. If partridges can not drink water, can be artificially induced, that is, catch a healthy chick will beak immersed in the trough, so that other young partridges follow suit, can also add some colorful stones in the tank, in order to induce young birds to peck at and drink water. 0.02% oxytetracycline is added to drinking water for 1-3 days, and the edge height and water level width of the flume are suitable for the chicks to drink water. It is necessary to prevent the chicks from stepping into the trough to prevent feathers from getting wet or drowning.

Feed

The chicks can eat after drinking water, and can choose full-price crumbs, that is, broken particles or full-price powder. Feeding with a single feed is not conducive to the growth of young partridges, and it will also bring more difficulties due to changing materials. The limbs of newborn chicks are weak, so they need to put clean papyrus on the bottom of the cage so that they can stand and walk smoothly to prevent injuries and umbilical cord inflammation. Replace the pad after 3-7 days to keep the cage clean. If the feed is sprinkled directly on the papyrus during feeding, the free feeding can be used, but the feed of one day can not be poured in once and the feeding method should be used multiple times. After 3 days, the food trough was used instead, and the water and the food trough were placed separately, no more than 1 meter apart.

Amputated beak

Partridges cut off their beaks as well as chickens. Feather-pecking, eye-pecking, anal-pecking and other bad habits will occur in the process of feeding, and the use of broken beak is the best measure to reduce these habits. When you break your beak at the age of about 1 week, you should pay special attention to not breaking your mouth, let alone your tongue. When cutting off the beak, a special beak breaker or finger forceps and scissors were used to remove 3 parts from the tip of the beak to the nostril. When removing, the head of the beak should be slightly upward, and the upper beak should be removed a little more than the lower beak. It was repeated again at the age of 6 weeks. Adding appropriate amount of vitamins to the diet 1-3 days before and after beak amputation can reduce the stress reaction. After cutting off the beak, it should be filled with feed and drinking water, so as to avoid damage to the section of the broken beak due to touching the bottom of the trough and affect feeding.

Training and induction

Partridges are timid and stressful, encounter abnormal sounds or foreign bodies, or under the action of external uncomfortable environmental factors (such as high temperature, strong light thorns, etc.), are prone to stress reaction, resulting in a decline in productivity, or even death. Therefore, within 30 hours after hatching (during this period, the young partridges have a strong ability to accept stress stimuli), they are trained by various stress factors (sound, light, color, objects, etc.) in order to cultivate their adaptability. In the future feeding and management, we should pay attention to avoid or eliminate various stress factors and keep the field quiet so as not to cause economic losses.

Health and epidemic prevention

Do a good job in hygiene, keep cleaning faeces, water and troughs every day. Add 0.02% oxytetracycline to drinking water on the day it comes out of the shell to prevent gastrointestinal infection. The 15-20-day-old chicks were diluted with Newcastle disease II attenuated vaccine at 1:10 and then dripped intranasally with 2 drops each; at 45-50 days old, the attenuated Newcastle disease II vaccine was used for the second nasal drip; 90-100 days old, diluted with 12 000 attenuated Newcastle disease strain I vaccine, injected intramuscularly, 0.5ml each.