Practical techniques of Tu Yuan Culture

Soil yuan has the characteristics of low cost, easy management, high benefit and so on. The growth cycle of soil element is greatly shortened, and the small-scale workshop culture of soil element is changed into large-scale base soil element culture, which opens up a new way for the development of China's rural economy. Tuyuan aquaculture has the advantages of flexible investment, simple technology and stable income, which is more suitable for farming in rural and suburban areas. In order for the broad masses to get rich together and meet the increasingly scarce market gap, this paper introduces the medicinal uses, market prospects, and culture technology exchange and learning of Tuyuan.

Species and distribution

Tuyuan belongs to small medicinal animals of the family Blattella. Alias turtle, turtle, dustpan worm, hillbilly, turtle, stinging insect and so on. Modern Chinese medicine is called "soil turtle worm". There are mainly three varieties of soil yuan in China, namely, Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Hebei soft-shelled turtle and Phnom Penh soft-shelled turtle. Chinese soft-shelled turtle is mainly produced in the Yangtze River and Hanjiang River basins. Because of its high medicinal value and strong adaptability, it is distributed all over the country; Hebei soft-shelled turtle is mainly produced in the provinces on both sides of the Yellow River and in the north; Phnom Penh is mainly produced in southern provinces. Through the comprehensive textual research and analysis of the nature, taste, efficacy and ecological environment of Trionyx sinensis by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Food and Drug Administration and the State Administration of traditional Chinese Medicine, and referring to the attached pictures of ancient Materia Medica, it is considered that the medicinal Tu Yuan of Materia Medica from the Liang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty refers to the Chinese soft-shelled turtle. The only medicinal variety recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia is also Trionyx sinensis. Although Trionyx sinensis and Phnom Penh Trionyx sinensis can also be used as medicine, the results of market investigation show that Trionyx sinensis is not only the main medicinal variety sold in the market of medicinal materials in China, but also the main breeding species of Trionyx sinensis for both medicine and food.

Life habits

Tuyuan likes to grow in dark, moist and soft soil, likes quiet, no direct sunlight, and mostly goes out at night. Usually come out from 6 pm to 11:00 for foraging, activity and mating. The life span of soil element is 3-5 years. It takes about 12 months from larva to adult. It will go into hibernation when it is less than 10 ℃, and it can grow and develop when it is above 10 ℃. The optimum temperature is 20 degrees Celsius to 37 degrees Celsius.

1. Non-social nature. Under the condition of reasonable density, the soil elements of all ages can grow quietly and harmoniously.

2. Soil habitats. Tuyuan likes dark, moist, humus-rich, loose soil, but does not like direct sunlight and cold climate.

3. Incomplete metamorphosis. Tuyuan experienced three stages in his life: egg, nymph and adult.

4. Omnivorous. Tuyuan has a wide range of foods, including rice bran, wheat bran, vegetable leaves and plant humus.

5. Negative phototaxis. Tuyuan is afraid of light and likes to sleep during the day and go out at night. He lurks in the breeding soil during the day and comes out at night to find food and mate.

6. Thermotropism. The growth of earth element is greatly affected by temperature. It will go into hibernation at about 10 ℃, and it can grow and develop above 10 ℃.

Medicinal value

Trionyx sinensis is a traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, a valuable traditional medicine, and a "spark project" determined by the former State Science and Technology Commission. It has the functions of expelling blood stasis, breaking accumulation, dredging collaterals, regulating injury and so on. With the development of modern medicine, various chemical components of Trionyx sinensis have been fully studied. at present, it has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of hepatitis, liver cancer, tuberculosis, sciatica, hypertension, leukemia, diabetes and various malignant tumors. It is known as the patron saint of people's lives.

According to experts in traditional Chinese medicine, Trionyx sinensis has high medicinal value and a wide range of applications, mainly for postpartum blood stasis, abdominal pain, fall injury, oblique mouth of stroke, hemiplegia, cerebral blood stasis and old infarction; anticoagulant. Anti-hypoxia hypertension; rheumatism muscle and bone pain; acute hepatitis B; and other diseases, and has the functions of inhibiting tumor, regulating blood lipids and increasing immune function, especially in the treatment of malignant tumors, leukemia and so on. China has developed hundreds of proprietary Chinese medicines using Tuyuan, which sell well at home and abroad, such as Dieda pills, Zhishang Powder, Qili Powder, Xiaozhong Ointment, Baiyao, Ginseng soft-shelled Turtle Beetle, Zhuifeng Pill, Chushang Xiao, Chinese soft-shelled Turtle capsule, Chinese soft-shelled Turtle Wine, Tongxinluo capsule, Naosaitong, Yaotong tablet, Yutongning, Dieda Zhentong Ointment, etc. there are more than 100 proprietary Chinese medicines compatible with Tuyuan. At the same time, with the development of the times, insect food is becoming more and more popular. Tuyuan contains high protein, low fat, can prevent a variety of diseases, has good edible value, and makes Tuyuan nourishing wine and other products.