Introduction to the placement and culture methods of potted rubber trees

Rubber trees, native to the Amazon forest, were transplanted to Kew in 1873, 22 trefoil trees were transported to Singapore in 1877 and spread to the Malay Peninsula in 1898. Rubber trees are tall trees with rich milk. It is suitable for the growth of acid sandy loam with deep soil layer, fertile and moist soil and good drainage. The glue can be cut after planting for 6-8 years. The economic life of the real tree is 35-40 years, the budding tree is 15-20 years, and the growth life is about 60 years. Special national glue planting areas are mainly distributed in Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan and other regions. The main raw material for making rubber is natural rubber, which is made by solidifying and drying the latex from rubber trees.

Growth habits of rubber trees

Rubber trees like warm, humid, sunny environment, but also slightly resistant to shade, not cold. It is required to have fertile and loose soil and grow well in neutral or acidic soil. When potted, it is appropriate to use rotten leaf soil, grass ash soil plus about 1 to 4 river sand and a small amount of base fertilizer to form culture soil. Usually keep the soil moist and apply dilute liquid fertilizer every 15-20 days. High temperature in summer, rubber trees grow faster, should be fat and water, but to avoid stagnant water in the basin. After entering autumn, fertilization and watering are gradually reduced to promote plant growth and enrichment, which is conducive to overwintering. Because rubber trees like the sun, they should be kept outside in the sun from spring to autumn; if placed in a shaded place for a long time, it is easy to cause leaves to yellowing and falling off. Like sunshine, single is also more shady, watering more overnight tea, the whole plant should often spray water, wipe the leaves with a wet cloth, which is beneficial to photosynthesis.

Because the rubber tree is not resistant to cold, it must be moved to the sunny place indoors for maintenance in winter, keeping the room temperature above 10 ℃, and the minimum temperature not lower than 5 ℃; if the temperature is too low and the basin soil is wet, it will cause the leaves to blacken and fall off and the roots to rot, or even the whole plant to die. Move to the courtyard or balcony for maintenance from the end of April to the beginning of May next year. The north should pay attention to the change of season from indoor to outdoor can not immediately receive strong sunlight, that is, the light and temperature should not change too much. If the room temperature is low in winter, a small amount of water should be watered to keep the basin soil slightly tidal. The leaves of the rubber tree are bright, green and pleasant, and its plants are tall and imposing, so they are suitable to be placed on the balcony to green the environment.

Placement position

Potted plants can be placed on the east, south and west balconies for management, among which the south balcony has the best cultivation effect. Its plant is relatively tall, suitable for planting on a very spacious balcony. During its vigorous growth stage, the plant should be placed where it is exposed to direct sunlight for not less than 2 hours a day. The environment should be kept ventilated in summer. It doesn't matter if the temperature is a little lower in winter.

Potted plant management

The sandy loam rich in humus should be selected as the cultivation medium. If conditions permit, the basin soil can be made up of rotten leaves, fine sand and garden soil at a ratio of 1:1:2 by volume. Rubber tree plants are relatively tall and grow rapidly, and large flowerpots are usually selected for planting. Rubber trees like micro-tide dry soil environment, summer is the stage where they need the most water and can be watered more; winter is the period when they need the least water, so they should be watered less. In addition to applying about 50 grams of horseshoe slices as base fertilizer at the bottom of the flowerpot during planting, dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied every lO day in the vigorous growth stage. Rubber trees like to shine in direct sunlight and are resistant to shade. If there are conditions, it is best to let the plant be able to accept all-day sunlight. Just keep the environment properly ventilated. Rubber tree is fond of high temperature environment, it grows well in the temperature range of 16 ℃ ~ 30 ℃, and the overwintering temperature should not be lower than 5 ℃. Before the new buds germinate in spring every year, the old branches of the plant are truncated 2 to 3 or 1 to 2 to promote the formation of new branches and prune the inner bore branches and thin and weak branches at the same time. In balcony cultivation, rubber trees are usually rarely sick, but they are vulnerable to grubs. Large plants of more than three years old should be turned once every spring and March. During the operation, some of the old roots can be cut off, some new soil can be replaced, and the branches of the plant can be cut in the middle to promote branching. In this way, the plant has a stronger growth potential, so that the ornamental value is greatly improved.

Reproduction method

The cuttage method is the main method of propagation, which is mostly carried out from March to April in spring. Fine sand can be used as propagation substrate. The specifications of the basin can be determined according to the specific needs. Combined with pruning, the newly lignified branches of the rubber tree are cut into single segments with 1 leaf in each segment. White mucus will flow out from the stem incision, which can be washed away with warm water, and then dipped in a small amount of charcoal powder to the surface of the incision. Fill the small flowerpot with fine sand, then insert a bamboo stick about 20 centimeters long, keep the polarity of the cut stem of the rubber tree into the soil, wrap the bamboo stick in the middle of the leaf and tie it with string. Then put the flowerpot containing cuttings into the plastic shed and often spray water to moisturize. Under the condition of 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃, rubber tree cuttings can take root after about 4 weeks, and can be planted in pots when the seedlings grow 2-3 new leaves. The method of pressing strip can also be used to raise seedlings.

It was propagated by cutting and high branch pressing. After the temperature warms up in May, 1-2-year-old branches are cut, and every 3 nodes are cuttings (or single buds). Remove the lower leaves, and the upper two leaves are folded together and inserted into the inserting bed. To prevent lodging, you can set up another stick. The inserting machine is sealed and moisturized with plastic film. When the temperature is about 25 ℃, it can take root in pot for about 4 ~ 6 weeks. In the family, the use of high branch pressing method is more convenient, and the success rate is also high. Select the 2-year-old branch, first peel the branch in a ring, 1 cm ~ 15 cm wide, then wrap it around the wound with wet moss and peat, and finally wrap it with plastic film and tie up the upper and lower ends. Press the strip in June and cut off the potted plant after taking root from July to August.

Fengshui effect and Culture methods of Indoor potted Rubber trees

Rubber tree is a famous potted foliage plant with high ornamental value and is very suitable for indoor beautification. Small and medium-sized plants are often used to beautify the living room and study, while medium and large plants are suitable for being arranged on both sides of the foyer of large buildings and in the center of the lobby. It is majestic and magnificent, which can reflect the tropical scenery and has a good fengshui effect. Let's take a look at the fengshui function of rubber trees.

The culture value of rubber tree

1. Ornamental value: the leaves of rubber tree are bright and evergreen. It is a large shade-tolerant foliage plant. Whether the rubber tree potted plant is placed in the hall corridor in the ordinary family, or decorated in the lobby of the hotel, it is a very good decorative material, and the growth ability is exuberant, do not need how to care.

2. Purify the air: rubber trees can exuberant photosynthesis and transpiration in sunny places, regulating air humidity and oxygen content. And rubber tree has a unique dust purification function, but also can absorb formaldehyde in volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and other harmful gases, so that indoor turbid air can be purified.

The fengshui effect of rubber tree

1. Remove Yin and damp Qi: the rubber tree Black King Kong is a rare product in the rubber tree. Putting it at home can detect whether the location of Yin Qi or Shiqi is too heavy, and the feng shui role played by different positions in the home is different, because it likes high temperature and humidity environment, likes light, is resistant to direct sunlight, is not shade-resistant, is not cold-resistant, and can withstand mild drought.

2, the role of promoting auspiciousness: for example, the evergreen broad-leaved tree species in the rubber tree species can be prosperous and placed in the house, for example, the living room emphasizes sufficient light, so you should try to avoid putting too many thick potted plants on the balcony so as not to block the sun. the bright living room can make the family fortune exuberant, can play the role of promoting good luck, it has vitality, can produce auspicious momentum effect, but pay attention not to place the brake position, otherwise it will play a vicious role.

3. Harmonious family relations: the fengshui in the living room is related to the harmony of the family and the cultivation of interpersonal venation. The correct placement of the rubber tree will eventually affect the luck and prospects of the family. Usually medium and small potted plants or flower arrangement are the main ways to avoid choosing large potted plants, so as not to easily attract mosquitoes and produce a sense of pressure. Rubber trees should first focus on decorative beauty, the number should not be too much, otherwise not only messy, but also poor growth.

Culture methods of rubber trees

1. Temperature: the rubber tree has the best temperature of 20-25 degrees, even if it is above 30 degrees, it can grow well, but in winter, if the temperature is too low, the rubber tree will produce a large number of fallen leaves and its cold tolerance is very poor. Northern China needs to spend the winter in a greenhouse.

2. Lighting: it is really good to say that sunlight is the food of plants, and sunshine is also a treasure in the cultivation of rubber trees. giving it enough sunlight can make it thrive and give it proper shade from May to September.

3. Fertilization: the existence of fertilizer is like calcium supplement, which can enhance its "health". Fertilization is also one of the key points in the cultivation methods of rubber trees, which can reduce the occurrence of markings and make the leaves bright. Just use nitrogen fertilizer. Stop fertilizing in winter.

4. Pruning: when it's time to prune the rubber tree, cut off the branches inside the crown, inward branches and thin branches to maintain its internal ventilation, good light transmission and overall shape. Usually, in the cultivation method of rubber tree, the basin must be turned once every 2 years, and materials such as rotten leaf soil are added to reconfigure it. It likes loam soil with loose and good drainage.

5. Soil: rubber trees like fertile, loose and slightly acidic soil, and basin soil should be prepared with 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, grass ash soil plus about one part of river sand and a small amount of base fertilizer.

6. Watering: when it is hot in summer, the rubber tree grows faster and should be fertile and watery, but to avoid stagnant water in the basin. Gradually reduce watering after entering autumn, promote plant growth and enrichment, which is conducive to its overwintering.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of Hevea brasiliensis, a foliage plant grown in potted plants

Rubber tree is a famous potted foliage plant, also known as rubber tree, Brazilian rubber and so on. It is a large tree of the genus Ficus of Moraceae. It has high ornamental value and is very suitable for indoor beautification. Small and medium-sized plants are often used to beautify the living room and study. Medium and large plants are suitable to be arranged on both sides of the foyer of large buildings and in the center of the lobby. Let's take a look at the breeding methods and matters needing attention of rubber trees.

Growth habits of rubber trees

Rubber tree is native to Brazil and is widely cultivated in tropical Asia. It is cultivated in Taiwan, southern Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and southern Yunnan, especially in Hainan and Yunnan. Sex like high temperature, humid, sunny environment, suitable growth temperature 20: 25 ℃, avoid direct sunlight. It is also shady but not cold-resistant, and the safe overwintering temperature is 5 ℃. Resistant to air dryness. Avoid clayey soil, not resistant to barren and drought, like loose, fertile and well-drained slightly acidic soil.

Propagation methods of rubber trees

1. Cutting method: the cutting time is in late spring and early summer, which can be combined with pruning. Cuttings often choose one-year-old semi-lignified middle branches, and the wound should be sealed in time with cement or plant ash. The length of cuttings is to keep 3 buds as the standard, cut off the lower leaf, close the upper two leaves, and tie them with a thin plastic rope. The cuttings are then cut on a bed with plain sand or frog stone as the substrate. Keep the plug-in bed with high humidity after insertion, but do not accumulate water, the suitable temperature is 18-25 ℃, often sprinkle water to the ground to improve air humidity, and do a good job of shading and ventilation, it can take root in about 2-3 weeks.

2. Striping method: select 2-year-old branches with appropriate size, good development and abundant tissue, and make a light circular peeling of about 1 cm in width in the predetermined part of the soil, and apply 30~50ppm 's naphthalene acetic acid solution, then wrap the ring cutting part with wet soil or moss mixture or vermiculite that absorbs enough water, wrap it with plastic film on the outside, tie it tightly at the lower end, and leave holes at the upper end to facilitate ventilation and irrigation. Pay attention to maintenance, pressing in June and rooting from July to August. After taking root, the potted plant can be cut off.

Culture methods of rubber trees

1. Temperature: the rubber tree has the best temperature of 20-25 degrees, even if it is above 30 degrees, it can grow well, but in winter, if the temperature is too low, the rubber tree will produce a large number of fallen leaves and its cold tolerance is very poor. Northern China needs to spend the winter in a greenhouse.

2. Lighting: it is really good to say that sunlight is the food of plants, and sunshine is also a treasure in the cultivation of rubber trees. giving it enough sunlight can make it thrive and give it proper shade from May to September.

3. Fertilization: the existence of fertilizer is like calcium supplement, which can enhance its "health". Fertilization is also one of the key points in the cultivation methods of rubber trees, which can reduce the occurrence of markings and make the leaves bright. Just use nitrogen fertilizer. Stop fertilizing in winter.

4. Pruning: when it's time to prune the rubber tree, cut off the branches inside the crown, inward branches and thin branches to maintain its internal ventilation, good light transmission and overall shape. Usually, in the cultivation method of rubber tree, the basin must be turned once every 2 years, and materials such as rotten leaf soil are added to reconfigure it. It likes loam soil with loose and good drainage.

5. Soil: rubber trees like fertile, loose and slightly acidic soil, and basin soil should be prepared with 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, grass ash soil plus about one part of river sand and a small amount of base fertilizer.

6. Watering: when it is hot in summer, the rubber tree grows faster and should be fertile and watery, but to avoid stagnant water in the basin. Gradually reduce watering after entering autumn, promote plant growth and enrichment, which is conducive to its overwintering.

Matters needing attention in the culture of rubber trees

1. The suitable temperature for rubber tree growth is 25: 30 ℃. If the leaf is lower than 3 ℃ in winter, the leaves will turn yellow and fall off, so it should be placed in the sunny place indoors in winter and keep the room temperature above 10 ℃. When more than 35 ℃ in summer, the plant should be moved to a cool and ventilated place for maintenance, and timely water spray to cool down.

2. Rubber tree is a plant of Moraceae, and the whole plant contains milk. Therefore, immediately after each pruning, the incision should be blocked with cement or coated with charcoal powder, so as not to drain too much juice and cause water loss and death.

3. The rubber tree needs to change the direction of the basin regularly in the seedling stage, in order to prevent the plant from growing on one side, resulting in small and correct plant shape and beautiful appearance.

4. After the general rubber tree seedlings, due to the larger and larger roots, resulting in soil consolidation, hindering soil ventilation, resulting in rubber trees yellowing, serious may die. It is appropriate to change the basin before the new buds grow in spring every year. Loosen the soil every 15 to 20 days until it returns to normal growth.

The culture value of rubber tree

1. Ornamental value: the leaves of rubber tree are bright and evergreen. It is a large shade-tolerant foliage plant. Whether the rubber tree potted plant is placed in the hall corridor in the ordinary family, or decorated in the lobby of the hotel, it is a very good decorative material, and the growth ability is exuberant, do not need how to care.

2. Purify the air: rubber trees can exuberant photosynthesis and transpiration in sunny places, regulating air humidity and oxygen content. And rubber tree has a unique dust purification function, but also can absorb formaldehyde in volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and other harmful gases, so that indoor turbid air can be purified.

3. Fengshui function: rubber tree living at home is related to the harmony of the family, the cultivation of interpersonal context, and so on. The placement of the rubber tree will affect the luck and prospects of the family. Putting the rubber tree in the appropriate position indoors can promote prosperity and dissolve the indoor yin and dampness.

What if the rubber tree loses its leaves?

1. Lack of light: lack of light is one of the reasons why rubber trees lose their leaves. Rubber trees are sun-loving and shade-tolerant plants. If you put the rubber tree in a dark place for a long time, it is easy for the rubber tree to lose its leaves without sunlight. Put the rubber tree in a sunny place to keep a good light, and it is best to get all-weather sunlight in winter.

2. Too low temperature: too low temperature is also the reason for the loss of leaves of rubber trees. Rubber trees like places with high temperature, high humidity and plenty of sunshine, and the suitable growth temperature is 20-25 ℃. Especially in winter, rubber trees begin to lose their leaves when the temperature is below 10 ℃. At this time, you need to move the rubber trees indoors or other hotter places to raise them, but be careful to have sunlight.

3. Improper watering: rubber trees will lose their leaves if they are watered too frequently or without watering for a long time. Rubber trees must be often watered during their growth, especially in the hot summer season, because of their large evaporation, they need to be watered not only from their roots, but also from their leaves. However, the potted soil for planting rubber trees is too wet and easy to rot, so it must be watered when the potted soil is dry.

4, pest attack: rubber trees sometimes have pest problems, leaves with red spiders, branches and leaves with shell insects will appear rubber tree leaf falling phenomenon. The occurrence of leaf loss in rubber trees should be checked to see if it is a pest problem and dealt with in a timely manner.

Pruning methods of rubber trees

1. Pruning season: the pruning of rubber trees should pay attention to "winter pruning, summer control side". That is, heavy pruning of strong trees and light pruning of weak trees in winter, with emphasis on pruning upright and strong competitive branches from the base. In summer, the pruning of rubber trees should be carried out to re-control the strong branches, control the strong and retain the weak, adjust the balance of the tree situation, and master the principles of strong side strike, heavy pruning of strong branches, light pruning of weak branches and more twigs, so as to achieve the pruning purpose of highlighting the trunk and promoting the growth of trees.

2. Pruning height: the pruning cut of the rubber tree should be smooth and the wall crack should be strictly prevented. The suitable height of stubble is 1 cm to 2 cm. Too high and too low will affect wound healing and tree growth. The suitable pruning season for rubber trees is early spring or late autumn and winter. It is suitable for early spring before the sap flows. If the tree is pruned when it sprouts, the water transpiration is fast, the water is lost, and a lot of nutrients are consumed, which is not conducive to the growth of the tree. If the rubber tree is pruned in summer, be careful not to prune on cloudy and rainy days, so as not to soak the wound and become infected with diseases.

3. Pruning techniques: in the shaping and pruning of rubber trees, it is sometimes necessary to highlight the growth of the trunk or main branches, remove the branches that are too dense or affect the shaping of the branches, and the common methods of pruning the main branches are wiping buds and thinning branches. To erase the budding buds, to achieve the purpose of inhibiting the growth of lateral branches, the principle is to eliminate the growth of lateral branches in the budding state, so that nutrients are concentrated to supply the growth of main branches. That is, the branches are cut off from the base of the branches with shears, which are often used to remove overdense branches, and thinning is a remedial measure for wiping buds, that is, because the buds are not wiped in time, lateral branches have been formed, and some redundant lateral branches are removed in order to strengthen the growth or modeling of the trunk.

4. Pruning and maintenance: after pruning, in order to prevent excessive loss of cut milk and affect survival, the wound should be smeared with plant ash in time. The treated cuttings are cut in the bed with river sand or vermiculite as the matrix, keep the bed with high humidity after cutting, and often sprinkle water to the ground (but not stagnant water) to improve the air humidity. Under the condition of 18-25 ℃ and semi-overcast, it can take root after about 2-3 weeks.

Four Seasons Management of Rubber Tree

1. Spring management: change the basin when the temperature is about 15 ℃ in spring every year, and trim it properly before changing the basin. Spring should be arranged in places with light, keep the basin soil moist, and often spray water around it to increase air humidity. Young plants can begin to apply fertilizer after seeing the emergence of new leaves. When the temperature is high at the end of spring, move it to the indoor layout and cultivation under half-light or scattered light.

2. Summer management: rubber trees are resistant to high temperature and hot sun, but when the light is too strong, the leaf color is easy to lose luster, which is not conducive to ornamental. The rubber tree cloth can be placed in a brightly lit place indoors. The room with weak light is not good for its growth. Because the rubber tree has many and large leaves and large water consumption, it should be watered in time to keep the basin soil moist, and spray more to its leaves and all around to meet its requirements for air humidity.

3. Autumn management: in autumn, the potted plants should be moved to the lighted windowsill or balcony to keep the basin soil moist. When the temperature is high at noon, spray water and spray on the surrounding and leaves to increase air humidity. In order to enhance its cold resistance in autumn, it can exercise in outdoor low temperature for a period of time, but it can not be hit by frost. People should move indoor with light in time before frosting.

4. Winter management: rubber tree is not cold-resistant and can withstand low temperature of 0 ℃ for a short time. But the indoor temperature should be kept at about 5 ℃, when the growth of rubber tree is stagnant, sufficient light should be ensured to make the basin soil moist and dry, and the basin soil is too wet and easy to rot roots. When the temperature is high at noon, spray water and spray on its surrounding and leaves for several times. When the indoor temperature is kept above 15 ℃, the rubber tree can grow normally. For management, see spring.