Planting methods and cultivation Management techniques of Osmanthus fragrans

Sweet-scented osmanthus is an evergreen tree of Oleaceae, also known as Oleaceae, cinnamon, golden millet, Jiuli incense, etc., which has been cultivated in China for more than 2500 years. Osmanthus fragrans is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China, and it is also one of the most precious flowers and trees in modern urban greening. It originated in southwest and south-central China, and is now widely cultivated in various provinces and regions of the Yangtze River Basin, North China and Northeast China. It has beautiful trees, luxuriant branches, green leaves, evergreen four seasons, especially seductive with the fragrance of flowers. It is really "monopolized by three autumn, pressing Zhongfang". It is designated as a city flower by world-famous tourist cities such as Suzhou, Hangzhou and Guilin.

Summary of Osmanthus fragrans cultivation

1. Varieties of sweet-scented osmanthus: there are many varieties of sweet-scented osmanthus, such as Jin Gui, Yin Gui, Dan Gui and Siji Gui, etc. Jin Gui tree is tall, round crown, large thick green glossy, oval leaves, leaf margin wavy, leaves thick, golden yellow flowers, the strongest aroma; silver cinnamon leaves smaller, oval, egg-shaped Obovate, thin, yellowish white or light yellow flowers, slightly lighter fragrance than cinnamon, flowering period is also a week later than cinnamon; cinnamon leaves are smaller, lanceolate or oval, apex pointed, leaf surface rough, flowers are orange or orange-red, light aroma Four seasons cassia leaf plum oval, thin, yellow or light yellow flowers, long florescence, in addition to severe cold and heat, several times flowering, but mostly in autumn, light fragrance, small leaves, mostly shrubby.

2. The habit of sweet-scented osmanthus: sweet-scented osmanthus likes warm and humid climate and has a certain ability to resist cold, but it is not resistant to cold. Like light, but also resistant to shade, in the seedlings should have a certain degree of shade. The demand for soil is not high, like the slightly acidic soil with high dryness and rich humus, especially the sandy soil with deep, fertile and moist soil and good drainage. Do not tolerate drought and barren soil, avoid saline-alkali soil and waterlogged land, planted in poorly drained wetlands, will cause poor growth, root rot, leaf shedding, and eventually lead to the death of the whole plant.

3. The cultivation value of sweet-scented osmanthus: sweet-scented osmanthus is widely used. Often planted in gardens, on both sides of roads, lawns and courtyards and other places, is the best greening tree species for government organs, schools, the army, enterprises and institutions, streets and families. Because it has a certain resistance to harmful gases such as dioxide and hydrogen fluoride, it is also an excellent flower and tree for greening in industrial and mining areas. It matches with mountains, stones, pavilions, platforms, buildings and pavilions, making it more dignified and elegant, pleasing to the eye and pleasing to the eye. At the same time, it is also a good material for potted plants. after making bonsai, it can observe the shape, stone flowers and smell fragrance. It is really "killing three birds with one stone". In addition, sweet-scented osmanthus is a good material for carving because of its hard material, luster and beautiful texture. Sweet-scented osmanthus is an important raw material for making sweet-scented osmanthus sugar, sweet-scented osmanthus tea, sweet-scented osmanthus wine and sweet-scented osmanthus cake. the essence extracted from sweet-scented osmanthus is widely used in food industry and chemical industry. Cinnamon can extract dyes and tanning materials, and cinnamon leaves can be used as seasoning. Enhance the fragrance of food.

Propagation methods of Osmanthus fragrans

1. Cutting and grafting: the propagation methods of sweet-scented osmanthus include sowing, cutting, grafting, striping and so on. Cutting and grafting are the most common in production. Cutting propagation has the advantages of simple technology, large number of propagation, high speed, high survival rate and low cost. It is the most widely used and widely used propagation method for seedling producers and flower lovers.

① cutting time: 1-year-old spring shoot can be selected for cutting from early March to mid-April, which is the best cutting time. The semi-mature branches of the same year can also be selected for heel cutting from late June to late August, but it has high requirements for temperature and humidity control.

Cutting and treatment of ② cuttings: strong, full, disease-free and pest-free branches were selected from the middle and upper part of the tree and the periphery of the young trees. Cut the branches into 10ml and 12cm long, remove the lower leaves, leaving only the upper 3mur4 leaves. Conditionally, soaking the cuttings in 50/1000000 to 100 GGR6 solution for 1 hour will be of great benefit to the rooting of cuttings.

③ soil preparation: use slightly acidic, loose, aerated and good water retention soil as cutting substrate. Carbendazim, pentachloronitrobenzene and other drugs were used to disinfect and sterilize the soil before cutting.

④ post-cutting management: mainly to control the temperature and humidity, which is the key to whether the cuttings can take root and survive. The best ground temperature for rooting is 25Mel 28 ℃, and the best relative humidity should be kept above 85%. It can be controlled by sunshade, arch plastic shed, sprinkler, ventilation and so on. Secondly, we should pay attention to anti-mildew, because of high temperature and humidity easy to produce mold, carbendazim and methyl thiophanate can be used alternately every week. Grafting propagation has the advantages of rapid seedling formation, prosperous growth, early flowering and small variation, and it is also one of the more commonly used methods.

⑤ cultivation rootstocks: use privet, lobular privet, lobular ash and other 1-2-year-old seedlings as rootstocks. Among them, the survival rate of sweet-scented osmanthus grafted with privet is high, and the initial growth is fast, but the wound is not healed well, and it is easy to break off in case of strong wind or external force collision.

2. Grafting propagation: grafting was carried out before and after Ching Ming Festival. There are two most commonly used methods in production, one is the crackling method, the other is the abdominal connection method. It is appropriate to select 1-2-year-old sturdy, disease-free branches on adult trees, remove leaves and retain petioles. If the crackling method is used, the rootstock should be cut from 4Mel 6cm on the ground before the seedling sprouts in spring before grafting. The thickness of the scion should match that of the rootstock, the cutting surface of the scion should be smooth, and the key to successful crackling lies in the alignment of the cambium between the rootstock and the scion and tight binding. If the abdominal grafting method is adopted, the grafted buds are directly embedded in the rootstock water without breaking the rootstock, and the rootstock will be cut off after successful grafting. No matter which method is adopted for grafting, it should be grafted as soon as possible. If you take ears from other places, be sure to keep them fresh. It is better to choose sunny and windless weather for grafting. After grafting, attention should be paid to checking the survival rate, doing a good job in mending, wiping buds, cutting rootstocks, unbinding, water and fertilizer management and prevention and control of diseases and insect pests.

3. Sowing and propagation: sweet-scented osmanthus can also be sowed and propagated. However, because some varieties are not fruiting or less fruiting, and the seedlings bred by sowing method have a longer life from flowering to flowering, it takes more than 10 years to blossom, so seedling producers and family flower lovers seldom use this method. The seeds of sweet-scented osmanthus mature about May. After seed collection, the seeds can be sowed in two periods: first, it can be inserted immediately after harvest, which can reduce the process of seed storage, and some seeds will germinate and emerge in autumn. Its disadvantage is that the overwintering management of seedlings is difficult and it is easy to suffer frost injury. The second is to collect the seeds and store them in the sand first, and then sow the seeds from the sand in the spring of the following year. It germinated and sprouted in April. The advantages of this method are: fast seedling growth and less difficulty in seedling management. When sowing and raising seedlings, attention should be paid to preventing and smelting the moisture of seedlings, strengthening the management of water and fertilizer, replenishing seedlings and weeding, shading and cooling, preventing cold and freezing, and so on.

4. Striping propagation: the time of crimping should be carried out before the bud sprouting in spring. Because the branch of sweet-scented osmanthus is not easy to bend, it generally does not use the ground pressure method, but only the high-pressure method. When using the high pressure method, select the 2-3-year-old branches with strong growth potential on the excellent mother plant, peel a circle of cortex 0.3cm wide on the branches, then peel them with 100/1000000 GGR6 solution or the same dose of naphthylacetic acid, and then use plastic film to load with mud, rotten leaf soil, moss, etc., wrap up the scratched parts, pour through water, and then wrap the mouth of the bag. Always pay attention to observation, and timely replenish water, so that the bandage is always in a moist state. After cultivation in summer and autumn, new roots will grow. In the spring of the following year, the branches that grow roots are cut off from the mother body, the bandages are removed, the soil is moved into the basin, poured through water, and maintained in a cool place. After a large number of new shoots germinate, they will receive full light.

Cultivation and management

The 1-year-old sweet-scented osmanthus seedlings cultivated by planting and cutting should not be used as green seedlings immediately because of their poor ability to resist drought, cold and barren. They should be transplanted to the nursery for 2-5 years, and then transplant after they grow into middle seedlings. The main points of cultivation management are briefly introduced as follows:

1. Soil preparation: select slightly acidic sandy loam with sufficient light, deep soil layer, rich humus, strong permeability and convenient drainage and irrigation (PH = 50Mel 6.5) as cultivation nursery. In the autumn and winter of the previous year, the nursery was reclaimed once, and the hole was dug according to the specification that the row spacing was 1 m x 1.5 m (2 years later, when it was long, thick and tall, one plant was removed every other plant, so that the plant spacing became 2 m x 1.5 m) and the planting hole was 0.4 m x 0.4 m x 0.4 m. Each hole was applied with mature flat farm manure (pig manure, cow manure) 2Mel 3kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.5kg as base fertilizer. Mix the base fertilizer with the surface loam and fill it into the hole. After being eroded and fermented by winter snow and spring rain, fertilizer is easy to be absorbed by seedlings.

2. Transplanting: transplanting is best when the sap has not yet flowed or just flowed, usually from early February to early March. When taking seedlings, leave more roots and hurt less roots as much as possible. After taking seedlings, they should be planted as soon as possible, and those who need to adjust seedlings from other places should pay attention to moisturizing to prevent seedlings from dehydration. After planting, the soil should be compacted and watered once, so that the root system of the seedling is closely connected with the soil.

3. Water and fertilizer management: after transplanting, if heavy rain causes stagnant water in the nursery, trenches should be dug to drain water. In case of drought, water should be watered to fight the drought. In addition to adequate basic fertilizer, fertilizer should be applied three times a year, that is, 0.1 kg of available nitrogen fertilizer per plant in late March to promote its height and multiple shoots, 0.1 kg of available P and K fertilizer per plant in July to improve its drought resistance, and 2 kg of organic fertilizer (such as farm manure) in October to improve its cold resistance and prepare for overwintering.

4. Pruning and shaping: sweet-scented osmanthus has strong germination ability and has the characteristic of forming shrubs naturally. It shoots twice a year in spring and autumn. if it is not pruned and wiped in time, it is difficult to cultivate tall plants, and it is easy to form the phenomenon of upper strong and lower weak with dense upper branches and rare lower branches. During pruning, except for those with poor growth due to tree potential and branch potential, it is generally dominated by branch thinning, and only the overdense peripheral branches are properly thinned, and the overgrown branches and disease and insect branches are cut off to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the plant. The sprouting tillering branches from the base of the trunk should be erased in time so as not to consume the nutrients in the tree and disturb the shape of the tree.

5. Loosening soil and weeding: ploughing once in combination with fertilization in spring and autumn to improve soil structure. The ability of cold resistance can be enhanced by building a base once before overwintering and painting the trunk white once. Weeding 2mi 3 times a year to prevent weeds from competing with seedlings for water, fertilizer and light.

6. control of diseases and insect pests: sweet-scented osmanthus has few diseases and insect pests, such as anthracnose, leaf spot, red spider and oyster shield scale, which can be controlled by Bordeaux, stone-sulfur mixture, bacillus, methyl topiramate, dichlorvos, triclofenac and so on.

Key points of transplanting Osmanthus fragrans trees

1. Transplanting time: from mid-January to early February. At this time, the trees are in a dormant state, and soon after transplantation, the vitality becomes stronger and it is easy to survive. Avoid transplanting in summer.

2. Pruning: it can reduce the nutrient consumption and water transpiration in the tree. The amount of pruning is determined by the age and growth potential of the tree. A hundred-year-old tree should leave few or no branches because of its weak growth. Those with strong growth and those who are young can leave more branches. When cutting, it is necessary to remove disease and insect branches, growing branches and cross branches. After that, smear the wound with Vaseline or Bordeaux solution to avoid disease and insect damage and Rain Water erosion.

3. Root cutting: in order to improve the transplanting survival rate of sweet-scented osmanthus trees, the roots of 1 ~ 2 years before transplanting were cut off respectively, and the distance from the stump to the stump was 3 times the diameter of the stump. Then 50/1000000 to 100 GGR6 solution or 0.1% indole acetic acid solution was smeared on the cut root, and the soil was watered to let it grow new roots.

4. Pile: the size of the soil ball is determined by excavation, which is generally 6 times the diameter of the stump. If the ground diameter is too thick, it should not be less than 3. While digging, tie the earth ball with a wet straw curtain and straw rope to prevent it from getting loose. The big root of the tree is sawed off with a saw, and the steel mouth is coated with rooting powder such as GGR6. After digging, wrap it with a wet straw curtain and straw rope, and tie the grass rope to the tree trunk 2.5 meters high.

5. Transport: it should be loaded and unloaded lightly during transportation. When loading, the trees should be fixed and separated by buffers to prevent the trees from colliding, so as not to hurt the skin and hit the soil balls. Pay attention to moisturizing on the way.

6. Planting: in the first month of planting, dig the planting hole first, the size of the hole is 1.5 times that of the soil ball, then fill the hole with mycorrhizal soil, and block the mature farm manure 5 kg 10 kg, available phosphate fertilizer 2 kg, irrigation spare. When planting, use a crane to gently put the tree into the planting hole, cut the packaging grass curtain and rope with scissors, and then backfill the stable soil, step on it and water it thoroughly.

7. Management and protection

① fixed frame: set up a tripod around the trunk of the tree to prevent the tree from shaking due to the collision between people and animals and the strong wind.

② shade canopy: after April, the shade canopy will be erected on three sides of the tree (except the northwest) to prevent direct sunlight and reduce water transpiration. The cool weather can be removed in October.

③ watering: the roots of the newly planted trees are damaged and the water absorption is weak, so the amount of water should not be too much, so as to avoid mildew and rot of the roots. But not too little, otherwise the tree will lose water and die.

④ infusion: infusion can meet the water and nutrient needs of the appendage, and can greatly improve the survival rate of transplanting. Infusion is usually carried out from April to September. Before transfusion, use a woodworking drill at the base of the tree to drill 3mi 5 infusion holes at a 45-degree angle from top to bottom, deep to the pith. The solution was then prepared with 0.1g of water-soluble human ABT6 rooting powder and 0.5g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per liter. Hang the bottle containing the liquid in a high place, insert the trunk syringe into the infusion hole, turn on the infusion switch, and the liquid can be injected into the tree. After the infusion, pull out the needle and plug the infusion hole with cotton balls. When the next infusion is needed, the cotton ball can be clipped out and the infusion can be carried out. The frequency and interval of infusion are determined according to the degree of drought, temperature and plant water requirement. After the plant is completely out of danger, seal the infusion hole with Bordeaux liquid.

Planting methods of Osmanthus fragrans points for attention in the cultivation of Osmanthus fragrans

I think everyone has heard of such beautiful poems as sweet-scented osmanthus, sweet-scented osmanthus plays a different role on many occasions, because of its inherent fragrant behavior, many people like it, so how is the sweet-scented osmanthus tree cultivated? Next, the cultivation and planting techniques of sweet-scented osmanthus trees are briefly introduced for reference in real life.

Sweet-scented osmanthus tree, also known as Han Gui, Hanzhong city tree. Osmanthus fragrans belongs to Oleaceae and Oleaceae. Originated in southwest China, South China and East China, there are wild resources in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Zhejiang and other places. The history of cultivation in China has reached more than 2500 years, and the ostentatious mountain and cinnamon is mentioned in Shan Hai Jing Nanshan Jing. Sweet-scented osmanthus is cultivated in Japan and India. Since 1771, sweet-scented osmanthus was introduced into Britain through Guangzhou and India, and then expanded rapidly. Nowadays, sweet-scented osmanthus is widely cultivated in many countries in Europe, America and Southeast Asia, and has become an important fragrant flower plant.

Planting methods of sweet-scented osmanthus trees:

Variety selection

The flowering time of different varieties of sweet-scented osmanthus is also different. for example, laurel and four seasons osmanthus are early flowering varieties, which bloom several times a year, and some varieties need a long vegetative growth period from seedling raising to flowering, such as Jin Gui, Yingui, Dangui and so on. it often takes several years to bloom. Therefore, try to choose a short, handsome and strong early flower to plant.

Preparation of basin soil

Sweet-scented osmanthus likes to grow in slightly acidic soil rich in humus (PH value is 5.6-6), and should not be planted in alkaline soil or clayey soil. 4 parts of humus soil, 3 parts of sand and 3 parts of mature barnyard manure can be mixed with a small amount of fish scales, bone meal, etc., or mixed with 5 parts of mountain mud, 3 parts of rotten leaf soil and 2 parts of sand. In order to overcome the alkalinity of soil and water quality, during the growing period, 0.1%-0.2% ferrous sulfate solution is sprayed every half month or so to make its branches and leaves dark green, which is also beneficial to growth.

Like light, afraid of smoke and dust

Sweet-scented osmanthus likes sunshine, so warm, heat-resistant, but not cold-resistant. During the growing period, it should be maintained in a leeward and sunny place. The period from June to August is the period of flower bud differentiation and formation of sweet-scented osmanthus. If sufficient sunlight is given for about 10 hours and high temperature of 30-35 degrees every day, it can promote bud pregnancy and increase flowering rate. But in summer, avoid shading so as not to differentiate flower buds. During the overwintering period, if the temperature is less than 4 degrees and the light is insufficient, it is easy to lead to defoliation in early spring and affect the flowering in the coming year.

Sweet-scented osmanthus likes to be clean, can be resistant to smoke and dust, and is afraid of chlorine. If it is allowed to grow in places with air pollution, it will grow poorly, with smaller leaves, easy to fall off, less civilized, and even do not blossom.

Timely watering

The frequency of watering sweet-scented osmanthus depends on the weather and plant growth at that time. Generally, it is watered every 2-3 days in spring; in summer, the temperature is high and the evaporation is large, which coincides with the stage of sweet-scented osmanthus development and flower bud differentiation, which is watered once a day; in the first and middle of September, the basin soil needs to keep moist, otherwise it is not easy to bloom. But in the flowering period, can not pour water, in order to prevent falling flowers. Drain water in time on cloudy and rainy days to prevent stagnant water from rotting the roots. At ordinary times, it is appropriate to keep the water content of the basin soil about 50%. Before entering the room in winter, it should be watered once, during the maintenance period, every 10 days or so, at noon on a sunny day, but the water temperature is close to the room temperature.

Skillfully applying topdressing

Sweet-scented osmanthus likes fertilizer and needs to strengthen topdressing. From April to May, it should be applied once every half month, and from June to July, once every 7 to 10 days. It was applied for the last time in early August, so that sweet-scented osmanthus not only grew luxuriantly, but also blossomed more and fragrant. Can use rotten cake fertilizer water, chicken, duck and pigeon dung, fish scale water, calcium superphosphate and bone meal and so on, if the fertilizer is insufficient, there will be fewer branches, flowers, and not fragrant.

Proper pruning

Osmanthus fragrans have developed roots and strong germination. Adult sweet-scented osmanthus trees are smoked slightly twice a year. Therefore, in order to make it blossom and flourish, the physiological balance of reproductive growth and vegetative growth should be maintained, and proper shaping and pruning must be carried out. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, cut off all the overgrown branches in summer and autumn, leaving the strong spring branches, and then cut off the thin and weak branches, dense branches, disease and insect branches before sprouting next spring. In this way, it is not only conducive to ventilation and light, but also completely concentrate nutrients on spring branches and flower buds, which creates a good prerequisite for autumn flowering and can achieve the effect of "killing a few birds with one stone".

First, the method of planting sweet-scented osmanthus trees:

First of all, the editor briefly introduces the methods of planting sweet-scented osmanthus trees. There are many methods of planting sweet-scented osmanthus trees, among which the most common planting methods are sowing, grafting, cutting and striping. In this series of planting methods, there is also some scientific knowledge. For example, the seeds we want to select are generally needed for post-ripening period, that is to say, it takes about half a year for battlefield to sow. Or insert its seeds into plain sandy soil and peat soil for maintenance, so that the survival rate of seeds is higher.

2. Cultivation methods of osmanthus trees:

Secondly, I would like to introduce to you the cultivation methods of osmanthus trees. The cultivation methods of osmanthus trees are open field cultivation and potted plants. In our country, they are common in the north and south when renting houses these two weeks. In the north, most people choose potted plants to cultivate osmanthus trees. Potted plants should choose a place with sufficient sunshine and good drainage and deep soil layer. In this way, the osmanthus trees planted have a probability of survival. Moreover, fertilization is also required at the festival of each month. However, we should grasp the amount of fertilizer, do not over-fertilize, after fertilization, we should also remove some weeds around the osmanthus tree, usually pay attention to the protection of diseases and insect pests, so as to accelerate the growth of osmanthus tree.

3. Precautions for osmanthus tree cultivation:

Finally, Xiaobian will introduce the precautions for the cultivation of osmanthus trees. Since osmanthus trees like acidic soil, when cultivating osmanthus trees, you can choose some acidic soil for cultivation. If it is soil that has not dispersed around, you can choose some sand or rotting leaf soil for cultivation. In this way, its nutrients are very sufficient. Secondly, one thing you should pay attention to is that watering should be done at an appropriate time. In this way, it can ensure the smooth growth of osmanthus trees.

After reading the above introduction on the planting methods and cultivation precautions of osmanthus trees, do you have more understanding of the cultivation of osmanthus trees? If you want to know more about osmanthus trees, please continue to pay attention.

How to plant osmanthus tree osmanthus tree cultivation precautions

I think everyone has heard such a beautiful poem, osmanthus in many occasions she plays a different role, because of its inherent fragrance behavior many people like, then osmanthus tree is how to cultivate it! Next, Xiaobian will make a simple introduction to the cultivation and planting techniques of osmanthus trees for everyone to refer to in actual life.

1. Methods of planting osmanthus trees:

First of all, Xiaobian briefly introduces the methods of planting osmanthus trees. There are many methods of planting osmanthus trees, among which the most common planting methods include sowing, grafting, cuttage and layering. There is also certain scientific knowledge in this series of planting methods. For example, the seeds we want to select generally need to be post-mature, that is to say, they need to be sown in the battlefield for about half a year, or their seeds can be sown. Insert them into plain sandy soil and peat soil for maintenance, so that the survival rate of seeds is relatively high.

2. Cultivation methods of osmanthus trees:

Secondly, eliminate this to introduce the cultivation method of osmanthus trees to everyone. The cultivation method of osmanthus trees is open field cultivation and potted plants. In our country, these two weeks are common in the north and south when renting houses. In the north, most people choose potted plants to cultivate osmanthus trees. Potted plants should choose a place with sufficient sunshine and good drainage and deep soil layer. In this way, the osmanthus trees planted have a probability of survival, and fertilizer should be applied at the festival of each month. However, we should grasp the amount of fertilizer, do not over-fertilize, after fertilization, we should also remove some weeds around the osmanthus tree, usually pay attention to the protection of diseases and insect pests, so as to accelerate the growth of osmanthus tree.

3. Precautions for osmanthus tree cultivation:

Finally, Xiaobian will introduce the precautions for the cultivation of osmanthus trees. Since osmanthus trees like acidic soil, when cultivating osmanthus trees, you can choose some acidic soil for cultivation. If it is soil that has not dispersed around, you can choose some, sandy soil or rotting leaf soil for cultivation. In this way, its nutrients are very sufficient. Secondly, one point that everyone should pay attention to is that watering should be done at an appropriate time. In this way, it can ensure the smooth growth of osmanthus trees.

The above is the relevant introduction of this article, I believe you have seen this also have a simple understanding, if necessary, you can continue to pay attention to No.1 home network, to learn more information.