Frog culture technology

Frog meat is tender, with little fat, low sugar, rich in protein, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, B vitamins, vitamin C and various hormones. The market prospect of frog breeding has always been optimistic. The following small series will introduce frog breeding technology in detail for you!

Life Habits of Frogs

Frogs inhabit the grass and rice fields on the banks of ponds and ditches, preying on insects, mainly agricultural pests. They live amphibious in adult camps. They usually hide in grass or rice fields during the day and come out in the late dark and early morning. Frogs hibernate in water or soil when the temperature drops below 10℃, and emerge from the mat in the spring of the following year (early March in the Yangtze River Basin). Generally, they colonize from April to July. Female frogs can lay 34 eggs at a time, and the fertilized eggs of frogs can hatch into tadpoles in 12 days. Tadpoles grow to a certain extent and begin to metamorphosis.

Construction of culture pond

Frog culture pond is divided into spawning pond, tadpole pond and frog pond. Generally, it is advisable to choose a place that is both wet and warm to avoid the sun, and it is advisable to use a long cement pool or soil pool. The field large pool is 4×6 meters as a single pool, the wall of the pool is preferably coated with cement, and the bottom of the pool is still left with soil; the courtyard small pool is generally 1×1.5 meters to 2 meters, the depth of the pool is generally 1 meter, with irrigation holes and drainage channels, and the water depth is 20~50 cm. Shade boards must be provided on the pool surface. Generally, 40 adult frogs can be raised per square meter. Frog culture pond can be earthen pond, brick pond or rice field, the key is to prevent escape. Conditions can be bricklaid walls, but also net enclosure, generally 1~1.2 meters high. The water depth in the pond is 30~60 cm, and the center of the water or the sunny side is piled into mounds for frogs to live on land, and it accounts for about 1/3 of the total pollution. Planting grass or crops on mounds. Add a small amount of floating aquatic plants to the pool water. A pond used for breeding tadpoles, leaving only a small amount of land for the landing of metamorphosed young frogs. Tadpole pool to cement pool is good, pool wall slope should be gentle, for tadpole habitat.

Management of Frog Culture

1. Feeding and management of tadpoles

Edible frog artificial breeding must be from artificial egg collection after breeding incubation, after hatching tadpoles in the original hatchery pond or cage cultivation, per square meter of water surface breeding 600~800. The tadpoles were fed artificially on the 4th day after hatching, and moved into the rearing pond after one week of rearing. After about 20~30 days, gradually take red worm, daphnia, fly maggot as staple food, also can soybean milk, bean dregs, bean cake powder, chlorella as staple food, add certain fish meal to promote its growth. Generally, every ten thousand tail with 15 cooked eggs crushed with water poured feed 1~2 times. After the fifth day, soybean milk, wheat bran, bean curd residue compound feed or rice bran and fish meal and other feeds are used for 1 to 2 times a day. The feed is put on the bait table. The powdered bait is first mixed with water to be viscous and then poured.

① Management of tadpoles: When bubbles are found in the pool water or the water quality has a rotten smell, it is necessary to change the water immediately, generally every 3 days, the weather is dry for many days, and when the temperature is continuous, the water is changed every 2 days.

② Metamorphosis management: frog eggs become young frogs about 70 days after hatching. From the appearance of forelimbs to complete metamorphosis, tadpoles mainly rely on tail supply, breathe air by lungs, and begin to jump out of the water to land and perch. When more than 90% of tadpoles become young frogs, they can be moved to the young frog pond for breeding.

2. Breeding and management of young frogs

① Intensive domestication: 100~150 frogs per square meter can be concentrated in high-density captivity. They are kept in cement ponds with smooth inner walls and a height of more than 1 meter. The depth of the pond is about 20 cm. Bait platforms are placed on the water surface. There is no land in the pond, forcing young frogs to concentrate on feeding and perching.

2 bait domestication: first feed with fresh bait for 1~2 days, the third day began to add 20% artificial feed in the bait, and then increase the proportion day by day, 10 days later increased to 80%"live bait" feed, mainly earthworms, maggots, small fish and shrimp, insects, scorpions and loach, etc.;"dead bait" refers to silkworm pupa dry, animal viscera and compound feed. With movement and static,"dead bait" activation, and finally excessive to complete ingestion of artificial bait. At the same time, it requires feeding timing, quantitative and positioning. Feeding time: around noon in spring and autumn, evening or morning in summer, feeding 1~2 times a day, each feeding should be finished in about 1 hour. For young frogs weighing less than 50 grams, the feeding amount should account for 6~8% of the body weight, and for young frogs weighing more than 100 grams, the feeding amount should account for 8~10% of the body weight. Food requirements are fresh, clean and nutritious.

(3) Screening, grading and separate breeding: After 20~30 days of young frogs domestication, the pool water should be drained, and the large-sized young frogs should be transferred to the adult frog pool according to the density of 60~80 per square meter; the small-sized young frogs should still be kept in the original pool for domestication. It is a new method to breed frogs by feeding bait, indoor stereo and multi-layer cage. Frogs are cultured in plastic boxes and wooden boxes for small-scale breeding with extremely high yield, hundreds of frogs per square meter, generally from hatching to adult frogs, only 5 months.

3. Management of adult frogs

After the young frogs are transferred to the adult frog pond, the frog has a large food intake and a faster growth rate, which is an important period for the formation of commodity yield. In addition to supplying sufficient bait, tadpoles need to increase animal feed when they become frogs, mainly artificially cultured fly maggots, earthworms, red worms, algae and other live bait with high protein and high reproduction rate. In the case of insufficient live bait, mixed feed can be used, such as rapeseed cake (powder)60%, rice bran (or wheat bran)30%, soybean powder 5%, fish meal 5% with uniform effect is better. Tadpoles active in the water, 5 days later can be supplied with concentrated feed, soy milk, egg yolk, water flea, spinach, tomatoes and plankton in the water. In addition, earthworms are raised on the mound. As long as some lime water with a concentration of 3~5% is sprinkled on the mound every evening, earthworms will pour out and act as frog bait. Also feed some compound feed, and to timely sub-raise, adjust the feeding density. After one month, when the weight of adult frogs reached 100 grams, the breeding density was 30 frogs per square meter, and after two months, it was changed to 10~15 frogs per square meter. After a short period of breeding, it can become a commercial frog.

Frog reproduction techniques

Artificial reproduction is the key to frog rearing technology, because wild field frogs often have a parasite with double cysts parasitizing in frog muscles. Artificial spawning and isolation of adult frogs can effectively prevent the disease. The density of frog species is about 1 group per 3 square meters (it is better to invest before May). The breeding frog requires individual hypertrophy, and the parent frog that has been in production for 1~2 years is best. The mixed stocking ratio of male and female is 3:1, and the stocking density is relatively less than that of meat frog. It takes about three years for frogs to reach sexual maturity.

Frog breeding management should strengthen the feeding of protein feed, earthworms as the main, moth bait as a supplement. Maintain the normal balance of the pool water, requiring fat and live. When the water temperature is stable at about 22℃, it is ready for spawning and hatching (at this time, the male frog calls constantly). Female frogs weighing more than 50 grams can lay many eggs at one time. Generally, both sexes lay eggs on aquatic plants. Frog eggs are pale yellow, round, attached to the gelatinous egg membrane floating in the water plants, easy to identify.

1. Spawning: Artificial spawning ground needs still water area, and cage spawning method is generally adopted, that is, frogs are forced to lay eggs in baskets or cages. Female and male frogs in the ratio of 1:1, 20 square meters of eggs can also be placed in 5 laying baskets or cages, the depth of the pool water should be maintained at 10~15 cm, the water temperature should be maintained at 10℃~11℃, in order to improve the hatchability, eggs can be protected with purse nets, so as not to sink after interference from parent frogs.

Incubation: The temperature of frog fertilized eggs during incubation should be maintained at 20℃~28℃, mainly natural incubation; plastic film cover incubation method and anhydrous incubation method can also be used. Generally, all tadpoles can hatch after 3~5 days. Newborn tadpoles depend on egg membrane to survive safely. Do not stir the pool water casually. After all frogs lay eggs, catch the frogs out of the pool to avoid disturbing the hatching and tadpole survival environment. 5 days after hatching eggs can be supplied with concentrated feed, such as soy milk, egg yolk, daphnia and plankton in water, fed twice a day, but the number of bait should not be too much, so as not to deteriorate the water quality, causing tadpole death. tadpoles can be moved into a breeding pond after being reared for one week.