Comparison of culture methods of abalone

The artificial culture of abalone is developing rapidly in our country. Due to the different natural conditions in different places, the culture methods of abalone are different. The culture methods of abalone include industrial abalone, tunnel abalone, shallow sea raft abalone and so on. Now the author will briefly introduce the main culture methods and advantages and disadvantages of abalone for reference.

Industrial culture of abalone

[advantages] ① occupies less land, is convenient for centralized management, grows fast and has a short growth cycle. The factory culture of ② abalone is controlled manually from breeding to commercial production. The ③ water environment is not affected by weather, sea conditions and other external factors, and the heating water in winter can be recycled after treatment. The intensive degree of ④ culture is high, the yield per unit area and benefit are high. The operation and management of ⑤ abalone is more convenient, such as feeding, water exchange, observation, disease prevention and so on.

[disadvantage] the investment cost of ① plant and facilities is high, the capital payback period is relatively long, and the management workload is heavy. ② culture density is high, water quality monitoring is difficult, and diseases are easy to occur.

[summary] the requirements of culture technology and disease control technology are high. ③ this culture model is more suitable for places with few sites, high land price and far away from the seaside. This method is mostly used in the coastal areas of Liaoning and Shandong.

Raising abalone in tunnel

[advantages] compared with industrial abalone farming, ① saves the cost of plant construction. The ② tunnel is warm in winter and cool in summer, which provides good conditions for abalone to spend the winter and summer, and saves the heating cost in winter. Due to the suitable temperature in the cave all the year round, ③ abalone grows fast and has a short cycle. ④ is easy to care for and easy to manage, and the survival rate of abalone is high. The risk of ⑤ culture is small, and it is not restricted by natural storm and ocean tide.

[disadvantage] the capacity of ① tunnel storage tank is small and the water exchange capacity is poor. ② water quality is easy to deteriorate. The ventilation capacity of ③ is poor.

[summary] the abalone raised in the tunnel is more suitable for the coastal islands and is close to the tunnel, where it is convenient to move seedlings, the funds are insufficient, the temperature of the sea area is higher in summer and lower in winter, in addition, the tunnel should be equipped with ventilation facilities and equipment for water and electricity.

Raft culture of abalone in shallow sea

[advantages] ① can use offshore kelp, scallops, oysters and other culture rafts to save investment costs. ② has excellent water exchange conditions and sufficient dissolved oxygen. ③ can save the cost of pumping and inflating. The bait fed by ④ is easy to keep fresh. The workload of ⑤ management is small.

[disadvantage] ① is more affected by natural conditions such as strong winds and spring tides, and sometimes typhoons are easy to cause raft losses. Due to the attachment of oyster seedlings and glass sea squirts in the natural sea area, ② should be removed or replaced regularly. The daily management of ③ is more affected by disastrous weather. ④ has poor security performance.

[conclusion] this method is suitable for harbors with smooth sea conditions, no pollution, oysters, glass sea squirts and less algae, and is not affected by or less affected by typhoons. And the bay is rich in kelp, crony and sargassum, which is widely used in Shandong Jiaodong area.