Construction method of meat donkey farm

Donkey meat is a typical high-protein, low-fat meat food with a mineral content of about 1.1% and a low cholesterol content. It has health functions such as tonifying blood, tonifying qi and tonifying deficiency. At the same time, it has delicious taste, unique flavor and other edible characteristics, and has a high breeding prospect. It is a very good project to get rich and increase income. Let's take a look at the construction method of meat donkey farm.

Construction of meat donkey farm

1. Site selection: the meat donkey farm should have sufficient water and electricity, the source of water should meet the national sanitary standards for drinking water, the source of feed is convenient, the transportation is convenient, the terrain is high and dry, the groundwater table is low, the drainage is good, the soil is solid, the wind is facing the sun, and the air is ventilated. flat and wide or with gentle slope, more than 1000 meters away from traffic roads, public places, residential areas, towns and schools. More than 2000 meters away from hospitals, animal products processing plants, garbage dumps and sewage treatment plants, there should be walls or other effective barriers.

2. site layout: the meat donkey farm is generally divided into living area, management area, production area and auxiliary production area. The living area and management area should be located at the highest point or upwind of the field area, keeping a distance of more than 50 meters from the production area. The auxiliary production area is located between the management area and the production area, and the production area includes donkey houses, sports grounds, dung tanks, etc., which should be located in the lower position of the field area. The disinfection room, veterinary room, isolation room, dung accumulation tank and harmless disposal room for sick and dead donkeys should be located at the downwind of the production area, not less than 50 meters from the donkey house, and a single flow should be taken for the transfer of personnel, animals and materials to prevent cross-pollution and the spread of epidemic disease. trees should be planted around the field, along the road and around the sports ground.

3. Donkey house planning: the donkey house building should be determined according to the local air temperature change and the production use of the donkey farm. Double-slope donkey houses facing north to the south or southeast are the most commonly used, with a certain number of windows or ventilation vents of a certain number and size. to ensure adequate sun light and air circulation, a cement structure disinfection pool should be set up at the entrance of the door of the donkey house. The main facilities in the donkey house are donkey bed, feeding trough, fecal passage, dung and urine ditch, drinking sink and ventilation vents and so on.

Division of meat donkey farm

1. Living area: refers to the cultural residential area for staff and workers. The cattle farm should be in the limelight and high-lying areas, and keep a distance of 100 meters from the production area, so as to ensure a good sanitary environment in the living area.

2. Management area: including buildings related to operation and management, product processing and sales. The management area should be strictly separated from the production area to ensure a distance of more than 50 meters. Foreigners can only operate in the management area, and off-site transport vehicles and livestock are strictly prohibited from entering the production area.

3. Production area

① location: the production area should be located in the downwind position of the site area, to be able to control off-site personnel and vehicles, so that they can not directly enter the production area, to ensure the safest and quietest, the gate guard reception room, disinfection room, changing room and vehicle disinfection pool are set up at the gate, non-production personnel are strictly prohibited from entering and leaving the field, and entry and exit personnel and vehicles must be strictly disinfected through the disinfection room or disinfection pool.

② layout: meat donkey houses in production areas should be rationally laid out, raised in groups in stages, and each cowshed should be kept at a proper distance and neatly laid out in order to prevent epidemic and fire prevention, but it should also be properly concentrated, save water and electricity lines and pipelines, shorten the transportation distance of forage and feces, and facilitate scientific management.

③ fodder depot: the coarse fodder depot is located in the higher ground of the downwind mouth of the production area, keeping a fire distance of 60 meters from other buildings, taking into account the two links of off-site transportation, and then to the donkey barn, and the forage depot, hay shed, processing workshop and silage pond, closer to the cowshed and more moderate in position, so as to facilitate the transport of forage by vehicles and reduce labor intensity, but it is necessary to prevent donkey barns and sports grounds from polluting the forage due to sewage infiltration.

4. Fecal and urine sewage treatment and diseased livestock management area: located in the leeward of the production area, keeping a sanitary distance of 300 meters from the production area, the sick donkey area should be easy to isolate, separate access, easy to disinfect, facilitate sewage disposal, etc., landfill wells or body incinerators are more than 300-500 meters away from the livestock house to prevent the spread of sewage, urine and waste to pollute the environment.

Meat donkey farm facilities

1. Meat donkey bed: the meat donkey bed is the place where the donkey eats and rests. The length of the meat donkey bed varies according to the size of the donkey. The general design of the meat donkey bed is to make the front body of the meat donkey close to the back wall of the trough, the hind legs close to the edge of the meat donkey bed, and the feces can fall directly into the ditch. The adult female donkey bed is 1.8-2 meters long and 1.1-1.3 meters wide, and the male donkey bed is 2-2.2 meters long and 1.3-1.5 meters wide. The fattening donkey bed is 1.9-2.1 meters long and 1.2-1.3 meters wide. The donkey bed over 6 months old is 1.7-1.8 meters long and 1-1.2 meters wide. The donkey bed should be 5 cm higher than the ground, and it is appropriate to maintain a gentle slope to facilitate erosion and keep dry. The donkey bed had better take concrete as the ground, that is, heat preservation and hoof protection.

2. Feeding trough: both fixed and movable feeding trough can be built, and cement trough, iron trough and wood trough can all be used as donkey feeding trough. The length of the trough is the same as the width of the donkey bed, the width of the upper mouth is 60-70 cm, the width of the bottom is 35-45 cm, the height of the side groove near the side of the donkey is 40-50 cm, the height of the side groove of the far donkey is 70-80 cm, and the bottom is curved, with railings behind the trough to stop the donkey.

3. Dung ditch: there is a ditch between the donkey bed and the channel. The ditch is 35-40 cm wide and 10-15 cm deep. The bottom of the ditch has a certain slope so that sewage can flow.

4. Dung removal passage: the fecal removal channel is also a passage for meat donkeys to enter and exit, and the road surface should have a certain slope and be engraved with anti-skid lines. The fecal cleaning channel is 1.5-2 meters wide, and there is also a fecal-cleaning passage at both ends of the donkey fence, 1.5-2 meters wide.

5. Feed channel: set the feed channel in front of the trough, which is 10 cm higher than the ground. The feed channel is generally 1.5-2 meters wide.

6. The door of the meat donkey house: the meat donkey house usually sets two side doors at both ends of the house, that is, opposite the central feed passageway, and the longer meat donkey house also sets a door on the leeward side of the longitudinal wall to facilitate the entry and exit of human beings and meat donkeys. The door should be made into a double push door without setting a sill. Its size is 2-2.2 meters × 2-2.2 meters.

7. Playground: the playground should be set up in the house where breeding donkeys and calves are raised. The playground should be set up in the spare area between the two houses, surrounded by fences, and tied or scattered inside the donkeys. The area of each donkey should be 15-20 square meters for adult donkeys, 10-15 square meters for breeding donkeys and 5-10 square meters for calves. The ground of the playground should be concrete, and supplementary feeding troughs and water tanks should be set up in the playground. The supplementary feeding trough and flume should be set on one side of the playground, their quantity should be sufficient, and the layout should be reasonable, so as to avoid donkeys fighting for food, drink and confrontation.