Disease prevention and control techniques of Brazilian tortoise

The origin of Brazilian turtles is not located in Brazil, but lives in the Mississippi and Rio Grande basins in North America. It has been raised or watched as pets by many families. It is probably one of the most widely raised reptiles in the world. Common diseases include white eye disease, gastroenteritis, pneumonia and so on. Let's take a look at the disease prevention and control techniques of Brazilian turtles.

Brazilian tortoise white eye disease

[symptoms] the diseased tortoise's eyes are inflamed and congested, the eyes are swollen, the cornea and nasal mucosa are eroded by inflammation, the outside of the eyeball is covered by white secretions, can not be opened, slow movement, severe cases stop eating, and eventually die.

[preventive measures] ① strengthen feeding management before and after overwintering, strengthen nutrition and enhance disease resistance when starting to eat. ② turtle utensils are disinfected. Glass jars and aquariums for turtles are soaked in 10% salt water for 30 minutes, then washed with clean water before raising turtles. Soaking in ③ penicillin or potassium permanganate solution is not only a preventive measure, but also can be used for early treatment. 20 mg / L concentration is used for young turtles and 30 mg / L concentration for young turtles and adult turtles. The soaking time depends on the water temperature, once a day (40 minutes) if necessary, continuously for 3-5 days.

[treatment method] ① was fed to animal liver. ② rivanol is soaked into 1% aqueous solution once a day for 40-60 seconds for 3-8 days. Soak in ③ furacilin (or furazolidone) solution, cone turtles with a concentration of 20 mg / L, young turtles with 30 mg / L, adult turtles and young turtles, 40 minutes at a time, once a day for 3-5 days. ④ chloramphenicol eye drops can be a good treatment of white eye disease.

Brazilian turtle gastroenteritis

[etiology] after feeding Brazilian turtles, the disease can be caused by sudden drop in ambient temperature, stale feed, incomplete thawing and deterioration of water quality.

[symptoms] there is a small amount of mucus or soft feces in the feces of mildly diseased turtles, showing yellow, green or dark green, the turtles eat a small amount, and the serious turtle feces are watery or mucus-like, sauce-colored and blood-red, and the feces are smeared on white paper to show blood. Turtles refuse to eat, what to eat, what to pull, floating in the water.

[prevention and treatment] the treatment of gastroenteritis focuses on the anti-inflammation of intestine and stomach, the protection of gastrointestinal mucosa and antidiarrhoea. Lightly diseased turtles can be fed with berberine and oxytetracycline, mixed with food for turtles to eat, severe direct immersion in antibiotic solution, 24 hours soak, and observe the recovery of the disease twice a day to see the turtle's response to food appropriate reduction.

Brazilian turtles choke on water

[etiology] the turtles that were not rescued in time after choking water suffered from serious sequelae of choking water, and should be rescued in time if they were found to be choking water.

[treatment] put the head down and press the tortoise's limbs to let the water flow out of the tortoise's mouth and nose until it is finished.

Brazilian turtle pneumonia

[etiology] in the alternation of summer and autumn, the humidity in the tortoise house is higher, the temperature is low, and the temperature changes greatly.

[symptoms] the sick turtle opens its mouth to breathe, and in serious cases, it will scream and put the tortoise in deeper water. if the body floats on the surface, it will be pneumonia.

[prevention and control method] the water quality of ① is kept, and the constant temperature of heating rod is 25 °. Take out the powder from ② amoxicillin capsule, prepare the medicine bath in proportion, and let the tortoise soak in the amoxicillin medicine bath. If you have the conditions for ③, use a small syringe (remove the needle) to feed amoxicillin to brew.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia

[etiology] Pseudomonas aeruginosa widely exists in soil and sewage, mainly through digestive tract and wound infection.

[symptoms] diseased turtles have no appetite, eat less, vomit, and discharge yellow or brown purulent feces.

Prevention is better than cure, so pay attention to the environmental hygiene of turtles and the cleaning of feed and drinking water will not lead to bacterial infection. Once you get sick, you can mix streptomycin into the feed or soak in streptomycin solution.