High-yield artificial Culture techniques of Rainbow Trout

Rainbow trout are native to streams in the foothills of Shasta, California, on the west coast of the United States, and have been introduced to dozens of countries for cultivation. Rainbow trout belongs to cold water fish, living water temperature 2-25℃, the best growth temperature 12--18℃. Rainbow trout tender meat, taste delicious, meat spiny less, rich in nutrients, has been classified as valuable fish in the world. Rainbow trout culture in China began in 1959, a small number of eggs and fry introduced from North Korea, first in Heilongjiang for trial culture, and later expanded to Beijing, Shanxi, Liaoning and other provinces, now rainbow trout culture has spread all over the country more than 20 provinces, cities and autonomous regions.

Water Quality Requirements for Rainbow Trout Culture

1. Temperature. This is an important condition, the best four seasons water temperature in 12-18℃, summer maximum water temperature can not exceed 24℃.

2. Dissolved oxygen. Dissolved oxygen in water should be above 7mg/L, and the lowest level should generally not be lower than 5 mg/L.

3. Flow rate of water. It requires a large flow, large flow, large breeding scale and high yield. It has a flow rate of 1 litre per second and a production capacity of 100-200 kg.

4, the water quality is required to be clean, pollution-free, and free of sediment.

Culture pond conditions

1. Fish pond shape. Rainbow trout ponds vary in shape, but most of them are rectangular. The general aspect ratio is 8:1--10: 1, and the appropriate ratio can be determined according to the terrain. Keep a certain gradient (1/50--1/100) from the inlet to the outlet, which is convenient for water exchange and sewage discharge. Between the pools, the topography can be used to arrange the arrangement of graded water drops.

2. Area and depth of fish pond: roughly refer to the following size:

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Fish pond category

Area (m2)

Depth (m)

Hatchery pond, hatchery pond

2-6

0.3-0.5

fry pond

16-30

0.3-0.6

species pool

50-300

0.6-0.8

adult fish pond

100-700

0.8-1.0

brood pond

200-1000

0.8-1.2

3. Construction of fish pond. The fish pond structure is brick-concrete structure, and the inner wall is smooth with cement. The water inlet and outlet are arranged in the middle part of the fish pond so as to maintain the water level. At the same time, fences should be set up at the inlet and outlet to prevent fish from escaping.

Seed and release

1. stocking density of seedlings: reference density at each breeding stage.

stage

Weight (g)

Water temperature (℃)

Density (tail/m2)

remarks

preyolk absorption

/

13

5000

Dissolved oxygen 6-8mg

Start eating January-February

0.5

13

1000-500

/

February-April

3

15

500-300

/

April to June

15

17

300-200

/

June to September

80

19

200-100

/

September to December

180

15

100-50

/

second-year fish

1000

15

30-15

/

parent fish

1000-2500

15

3-5

/

2. Seed requirements. Healthy physique, neat specifications, no injury, no disease.

3, fry, fish species in the release of disinfection treatment.

Food requirements

1, rainbow trout protein demand for 40%-45%, the requirements of comprehensive nutrition diet, crude protein content of juvenile fish in about 45%, adult fish not less than 40%, diet to have a higher fat content, but also should pay attention to adding minerals and vitamins.

2. The bait can be made from local materials, such as small fish, shrimp, animal viscera, pig blood, silkworm pupa, earthworm and other animal raw materials mixed with bean cake, wheat flour, corn, bran, vegetables and so on in different stages according to different proportions into granular bait for feeding. If fry stage animal bait can account for about 60%, adult fish about 50%, parent fish about 40%.

3. The bait must be fresh. It is forbidden to use moldy bait.

daily management

1. Feeding. Adult fish are fed twice a day, at 9:00 a.m. and 15:00 p.m., fry can be fed 1-2 times a day. Daily feeding amount is calculated by fish weight, juvenile fish accounts for about 3%-4%, adult fish 1%-2%.

2. Sift fish. Rainbow trout after a period of feeding, individual size will appear differences, to be regularly screened to maintain the size of fish in each pond is basically the same.

3. Strengthen the prevention and control of fish diseases. If sick fish are found, treatment measures should be taken immediately, and dead fish should be removed in time.

4, when there is hypoxia to take aerobic measures to avoid fish suffocation death.