What are the species of grouper?

Grouper is hermaphroditic and has the characteristics of sexual transformation. At the first sexual maturity, all the females are female, and then turn into males the next year, so there are significantly fewer males than females. There are 12 species of grouper distributed along the coast of Fujian, among which red grouper, salmon grouper, moire grouper and reticulated grouper are of high economic value and common species.

East star spot (common in Hainan)

The colors of the East Star spot are blue, red, brown and yellow, etc., with a slimmer figure and a small head than ordinary grouper. There are black pupils in the blue eyes, and the body is covered with white tiny flowers, similar to the stars in the sky, so it is called "star spot". As for the word "east", it is made in eastern China. East. The Sand Islands.

Green grouper

There are several orange-red spots in the lower part of the body and six dark brown vertical stripes on the side of the body, with the widest interval between the third and fourth bands, and only the caudal fin has spots. Warm water middle and lower layer fish. Larvae and juveniles feed on plankton, while adults feed on fish, shrimp and crabs. Female and androgynous, the female fish first matured, the body length was 250mm and 400mm, and the male fish matured completely at 6 years old (individual 5 years old). The absolute fecundity is 80 000 ~ 250000 eggs, the spawning period is from late May to July, 20 ℃ begins to lay eggs, 22-24 ℃ peak period, floating eggs are laid. The water temperature is 22-25 ℃, and it takes 23-30 hours to hatch the larvae. The meat is delicious and is a valuable fish. live fish are sold in large quantities to Hong Kong and Macau. It is the object of shallow sea culture in China and Southeast Asia, and can be cultured in cages. Distributed in Taiwan, East China Sea, South China Sea, and Japan.

Gem grouper

Gem grouper generally has a body length of 25~30cm, and its body surface and fins except pectoral fins are covered with gem-like spots. There are red stripes on the pectoral fin, the caudal fin is shallowly concave and the edge is white. It is a warm-temperate middle and lower layer fish, mostly living in the reef bottom sea area, with sexual transformation, first female and then male. The growth is relatively slow. Grouper ferocious, alert, mainly meat, like to eat fish, shrimp, crabs, do not like to group, when hungry, there is a phenomenon of cannibalism. Gem grouper is distributed in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean, and in the South China Sea in China. Artificial cage culture has been carried out in many provinces of our country.

Dragon barge

Giant grouper in the scientific name, also known as pig lamb grouper, is a warm water marine bottom fish, belonging to Perciformes, grouper family, grouper subfamily, grouper genus. Its body is long oval, side flat, mouth is large, fish head, body sides and fins are scattered with a lot of blue and black spots, for large and valuable edible fish. In the natural sea area, adult fish generally have a body length of 60 cm ~ 70 cm, a maximum body length of 2 meters, a body weight of about 30 kg ~ 40 kg, and a large fish of more than 100 kg ~ 160 kg. According to records, in July 1999, Hong Kong fishermen captured a female dragon barge alive in Dongsha Islands, weighing 180 kilograms, and was regarded as the Dragon barge King.

Spotted grouper

The snout of Epinephelus punctatus is short and blunt, the dorsal fin has 811 spines, there are no black spots at the base, there are 5 indistinct transverse bands on the side of the body, and spots are scattered on the side of the body and on each fin. It is a tropical middle and lower layer fish, likes to inhabit the rock reef bottom sea area, and is a valuable fish in the South China Sea. Sexual ferocious, meat-based, like to eat fish, shrimp, crabs, when hungry to kill each other. It can live in the water with salinity of 11 ~ 41 ‰, the optimum water temperature is 22 ~ 28 ℃, the appetite is decreased below 18 ℃, and the fish body is out of balance under 15 ℃. Cage culture can be carried out. Distributed in the East China Sea, South China Sea and other waters.

Red-spotted grouper

Red-spotted grouper has a black spot on the base of its dorsal fin, its body is brown, and its head, body and odd fins have many orange spots (the immersed specimen turns white). Warm middle and lower layer fishes. Adult fish eat fish, shrimp and crabs. Hermaphroditic, the female matures first, and most of them mature sexually at the age of 3 years. When the body length is 231-295 mm, it changes from female to male. Most of the 6-year-old fish (some of them are 5-year-old fish) have a body length of 340 ~ 400mm, absolute fecundity of 100000 ~ 250000 eggs, spawning period of 5 ~ 9 months and peak period of 5 ~ 6 months. The meat is delicious and available for export. it is a valuable fish, which has been artificially propagated and is the object of cage and shallow sea culture. Distributed in Taiwan, East China Sea, South China Sea, as well as India and Japan.

Epinephelus coioides

Epinephelus Epinephelus elongated, brownish brown on the head and back of the body, and white shading on the abdomen; numerous orange-brown or reddish-brown dots distributed in the middle of the head, body and fins; there are five large irregular, intermittent, bifurcated black spots on the body; the first black spot is below the anterior dorsal fin spine, and the last black spot is on the tail stalk. Two black spots are in the middle operculum, while the other two are at the edge of the secondary operculum and the middle operculum. The orange spots turn brown when exposed to air and blur in preservatives.

Epinephelus Epinephelus often lives along mainland coasts and large islands, but it can also be found in estuaries and waters 100 meters offshore. The main breeding period is from March to June. The female fish matured at a total length of 25 cm (2 or 3 years old), while sexual transformation often occurred at 55 cm and 75 cm in body length.