Culture techniques of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus ful The fish has the advantages of large yield, delicate meat, less fine thorns, delicious taste, rich nutrition and high medicinal value, so it is very popular in domestic and foreign markets, especially large live fish in short supply.

The yellow croaker has a long body, a flat ventral surface, a slightly flattened posterior part of the body, a large and flat head, a round and obtuse snout, a large fissure, a lower position, the upper jaw is slightly longer than the lower jaw, and both the upper and lower jaws have villous fine teeth. The eyes are small, lateral, and the septum is slightly raised. There are 4 pairs of whiskers, the nose reaches the posterior edge of the eye, the maxilla is the longest, and after reaching the base of the pectoral fin, the moustache is 2 pairs, and the outer pair is longer than the medial one. The back of the body is dark brown, the side of the body is yellow, and there are 3 intermittent black stripes, the abdomen is yellowish, and the fins are grayish black. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a carnivorous omnivorous fish. Foraging activities generally take place at night and include small fish, shrimp, various terrestrial and aquatic insects (especially Chironomus larvae), small molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates, and sometimes prey on small fish. Its eating habits vary with the environment and seasons, and the eggs of other fish are often swallowed in spring and summer. In the cold season, there are more small fish in the food, while the number of benthos gradually decreases. Different sizes of yellow croaker have different feeding habits, with a body length of 2-4 cm, which mainly feeds on copepods and cladocera; individuals with a body length of 5-8 cm mainly feed on zooplankton and aquatic insects; individuals more than 8 cm feed on molluscs and small fish. Artificial cultivation of minced fish, shrimp and molluscs should not only eat animal bait, but also eat artificial compound feed, but it is best to feed mainly compound feed, supplemented by animal fresh bait. In the natural waters, the growth rate of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is slow and the listing size is small, which affects the market development to a certain extent. Therefore, the artificial culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is imperative.

The main culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in pond

1. Pond conditions: Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has poor tolerance to hypoxia and high requirements for ecological conditions. Choose a pond with sufficient water source, fresh water quality and convenient injection and drainage, with an area of 23.5 mu, a flat bottom of 32 square meters, silt 10cm ~ 20cm, and a water depth of 1.5 ~ 1.8m. The pond inlet is filtered with 30-mesh sieve silk mesh to prevent the entry of wild miscellaneous fish and other enemy organisms.

2. Clear the pond and cultivate water: half a month before stocking, drain the pond water, add crystal trichlorfon 1.5kg/ mu with quicklime 125mol / mu, or sprinkle and disinfect the whole pond with 1 bottle of enemy to kill the pathogen thoroughly. After 5 ~ 7 days of disinfection, the fresh water 80cm was injected, and the fermented chicken manure, cow manure and dung 200kg were used to cultivate water per mu. After 7 ~ 10 days, the seedlings could be released when a large amount of plankton appeared in the pond.

3. Fish stocking: Pelteobagrus fulvidraco summer flower fingerling is generally released in June, which is required to be physically strong, disease-free, injury-free, neat in specification 2 ~ 4cm, with a stocking quantity of 1500000 to 20000 pieces per mu. The specific stocking quantity should be determined according to the conditions of the pond, the abundance and shortage of bait and the level of individual culture. One week after laying, about 200 silver carp and bighead carp fry with 20cm were released per mu to regulate the water quality. When stocking, soak the fish in 3% salt water for 15 minutes.

4. Feed: within one week after the summer flowers of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco entered the pond, the zooplankton in the main feeding pond. Domestication began 3-5 days later, feeding fresh minced wild fish minced with a meat grinder, mixed with 10% formula feed such as eel, soft-shelled turtle or frog to feed in dough. Domestication and feeding methods: four or six feed tables were set up on one side of the pond, each of which was made of fine mesh cloth and set at the water depth 50cm. Artificial minced meat was put on the feed table and fed twice a day. The amount of feed accounted for 3% of 1m*1m in the morning and 2 times in the evening from 18:00 to 20:00 in the evening. After 10 days of domestication, withdraw to 1 or 2 feed tables in the pool. If it is Pelteobagrus fulvidraco which has been domesticated and eaten with artificial minced meat, the feed can be directly fed on 1 or 2 bait tables in the pond. When the body length of yellow croaker reaches more than 5cm, 20%-30% plant feed such as soybean meal, rapeseed meal, peanut meal and corn meal can be added to minced meat. The daily feeding amount depends on the fish weight and the pond water temperature. When the water temperature is below 20 ℃, the feeding amount accounts for 1%-3% of the fish body weight, and when the water temperature is above 20 ℃, the feeding amount accounts for 4%-6% of the fish body weight.

5. Daily management: master the appropriate water depth, keep the water depth 70~80cm when the fish species just go into the pond, and then gradually deepen to 1.5 ~ 1.8m with the increase of water temperature. Control the water fertility of the pool, keep the transparency in 30~40cm, and add new water regularly, generally every 10 to 15 days. Adjust the water quality of the pond, sprinkle it with quicklime 10kg/ mu water every half a month, and disinfect the water body with chlorine dioxide, a fungicide, regularly every month. Feed medicine and bait once a month, add 0.6 g tetracycline per kilogram of feed, once a day for 3 days. Each pool is equipped with a 1.54kW aerator, which can be turned on reasonably according to the weather and water quality.

6, fish disease prevention and control: during the breeding period, adhere to! The policy of giving priority to prevention as ∀. Disinfect the water body, food and live bait of fish regularly, and put in the bait. The common diseases of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco are enteritis, hemorrhagic edema and so on. Prevention and treatment of enteritis, regularly add 1% salt or garlic juice to the feed to prevent. During the treatment, the whole pool was sprinkled with chlorine dioxide and sulfonamide guanidine bait was given for 5 days. For the treatment of hemorrhagic edema disease, the whole pool was sprinkled with strong chlorine or chlorine dioxide for 3 days. At the same time, tetracycline was added to the diet for 5 days. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a scaleless fish, and its tolerance to commonly used aquatic drugs is not as good as that of the four domestic fish. It is sensitive to copper sulfate, trichlorfon, potassium permanganate and other drugs, so it should be cautious in disease prevention.