Artificial propagation technology of carmine fish

Rouge fish, also known as yellow chops, blood chops, vermicelli, braised oysters, wood leaf plates, red fish, purple turtles, sparrow fish, fire chops, Chinese sail fin sucking fish, etc., grow in the Yangtze River in China, egg-laying animals, and have not been successfully bred in the aquarium environment. Its peculiar shape, bright colors, especially the young fish unique shape, gorgeous colors, swimming quiet, is honored as "plain sailing", and enjoys the laudatory name of "Asian mermaid" in Southeast Asia. It is a rare freshwater species endemic to China.

The living habits of Carmine Fish

Rouge fish prefer to move in the middle and bottom of the water body and are not tolerant to hypoxia. Its body is peculiar, especially the young fish have a unique figure, swim quietly, and will change their body color with mood changes; they are omnivorous animals that eat frequently, regardless of their food status, and their foods include harvest shrimp, red earthworms and vegetables. Carmine is an egg-laying animal, but it has not been successfully bred in an aquarium environment. Nodules appear on the head and fins of male fish as they approach the female.

Carmine fish live in lakes and rivers, and their larvae and adults have different shapes, habitats and biological habits. Young fish like to cluster among the slow-flowing gravel, mostly in the upper layer of the water body, and sub-adults in the middle and lower layers. Adults like to be in the open water area of rivers, and their actions are rapid and agile. It can coexist peacefully with wave fish, turtle and black line flying fox, but it can not be mixed with stone head fish and Loach.

Adult carp can be up to 1 meter long and can live to 25 years old in a closed environment because of its slow growth. Generally 6-year-old can reach sexual maturity, the weight is about 10 kg. Every year in mid-February (around the Rain and Water Festival), parent fish with nearly mature gonads are traced upstream and breed in rapids from March to May. The spawning grounds of the Yangtze River are in the Jinsha River, Minjiang River, Jialing River and other places. The parent fish still lingered near the spawning ground after spawning and did not return to the deep water of the main stream for the winter until the receding period after autumn. Rouge fish grow faster, the body length of 1-year-old fish can reach 200 mm, the general weight of mature individuals can reach 15-20 kg, and the maximum individual weight can reach 30 kg.

Selection and cultivation of parent fish

1. The choice of parent fish

According to the breeding habits of carp, mature parent fish were selected in its natural spawning ground. Every year around "the Beginning of Spring", cochineal fish begin to migrate to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and enter tributaries such as the Minjiang River one after another. The beginning of the breeding season. There are not many fish entering the spawning ground, mainly males. With the increase of water temperature, the schools of fish gradually concentrate and expand. In the middle and late ten days of March, most of the parent fish have traced back to the upper reaches of the river, and the number of females increased. When the water temperature rose above 13 ℃, other external conditions were suitable, and most of the parent fish spawned and fertilized on the gravel beach with fast current. Mature parent fish can be caught at this time. The smallest sexually mature parent fish caught in the Yangtze River are female fish 82 cm in length, 9.2 kg in weight and 7 years old, while males are 76.5 cm in length, 8 kg in weight and 5 years old.

The parent fish for reproduction can also be cultivated in the pond from the offspring or the second generation, and then select high-quality individuals to grow into parent fish, but the selected parent fish are 5-year-old male and 6-year-old female, plump and strong, smooth, shiny and disease-free, with a body weight of more than 7 kilograms and 8 kilograms.

2. Cultivation of parent fish

The cultivation of excellent parent fish is an important work of artificial reproduction. Only with mature and excellent species of fish can we successfully and successfully induce spawning, improve the fertilization rate and hatching rate, and reduce the mortality in the process of breeding. First of all, it is necessary to provide adequate and palatable high-quality bait for parent fish to meet the nutritional needs of gonadal development. Generally, pellet feed containing more than 35% crude protein, chilled fish paste or chilled fish paste mixed with eel feed were fed in lumps. However, practice shows that rouge fish most like to eat water earthworms, so the breeding of parent fish should correctly control the number of daily bait according to seasonal changes and gonadal development characteristics of parent fish. Generally, the feeding rate from April to May is 3%, 6-August, 5%, 5%, 9-October, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 10, 4, 4, 10, 12, 1, 12, 1, 2, and 3 months. Special attention should be paid to controlling the amount of bait about 30 days before spawning to avoid overfertilizing parent fish and take running water or flushing water. Once every 5 days, the stimulating gonads develop and mature. In addition, during the period of parent fish cultivation, pond water quality management and disease prevention should be strengthened to create a good ecological environment for parent fish cultivation.