Mandarin Fish's culture technique

Mandarin Fish, that is, sweet-scented osmanthus fish, Siniperca chuatsi family. The body is tall and flattened on the side, and the back is raised. The mouth is large and the lower jaw is significantly longer than the upper jaw. There are small teeth of different sizes on the upper and lower jaw, plough bone and mouth cover bone, the posterior edge of the anterior operculum is serrated, and there are 4 large spines on the lower edge. There are two large spines on the posterior edge of the posterior operculum. The head is scaly and the scales are small. The side line bends upward along the back arc. The dorsal fin is divided into two parts, which are connected to each other, with hard spines in the front and soft fins in the rear. The body is yellowish green, the abdomen is grayish white, and the side of the body has irregular dark brown spots and plaques. There is a narrow black band from the end of the kiss through the orbit to the lower part of the dorsal fin.

Selection of fodder fish

The species of feed fish for raising sweet-scented osmanthus fish in the pond are silver carp, bighead carp, soil dace, wheat dace, Thai dace, crucian carp, carp and so on. According to the growth specification and food intake of sweet-scented osmanthus fish, the fish were fed with sufficient bait fish in a pond which was 4 times the area of sweet-scented osmanthus fish pond.

1. Early bait fish: 100-2 million fry (fish flowers) of silver carp, bighead carp, soil dace, wheat dace, Thai dace and crucian carp are pre-stocked in the pond where sweet-scented osmanthus fish are prepared, which are used as the early bait fish of sweet-scented osmanthus fish. After feeding coarse fodder such as peanut bran and wheat husk, the bait fish were cultivated for 20 days. When the bait fish grew to 1.5ml 2.5cm body length, after disinfecting with 0.7ppm copper sulfate and 0.5ppm strong chlorine, the fish fry of sweet-scented osmanthus with the specification of 2Mel and 3cm could be put into cultivation.

2. Medium-term bait fish: 20-300000 fry such as soil dace, wheat dace and Tai dace are mixed in four domestic fish ponds, and silver carp, bighead carp and crucian carp fry can also be cultivated in special ponds as bait fish for large size sweet-scented osmanthus fish.

3. Late-stage bait fish: in addition to self-production and self-sufficiency, you can also purchase. In the later period of culture, dace fish generally enter winter, and dace bait fish are easy to freeze to death. Some cold food species, such as silver carp, bighead carp and crucian carp, should be cultivated to survive the winter, which can be used as backup bait fish for sweet-scented osmanthus fish in winter and spring.

Mandarin Fish's culture technique

1, pond conditions: pond area is generally 2-4 mu, water depth is about 2 meters, mainly rectangular, fresh water quality, little or no bottom mud, drainage and irrigation oxygen equipment is complete.

2. Bait fish cultivation: according to the principle of good palatability and low economic cost, fish fry such as silver crucian carp, white crucian carp, blunt snout bream, silver carp and silver carp can be selected as bait fish. The fry of crucian carp or mackerel can be propagated by themselves by using the free period before sweet-scented osmanthus fish is reared in the pond, and the fry of all kinds of fish can be released about 20 days before Mandarin Fish is released. The amount of fish per mu is 40-600000. The feeding method is fed with soybean milk or other feed, and the bait fish in the middle and later stages should be raised in a special pond. It is appropriate to adopt the method of multi-pond high-density feeding, starting fishing in stages and gradually thinning, so as to ensure the simultaneous growth of bait fish and Mandarin Fish.

3. Cinnamomum fish stocking: the stocking time is generally in June, and the stocking specification is 6-10 cm, which has the advantages of high survival rate and fast growth rate. The general stocking capacity is 500-800 per mu.

4. Feeding bait fish: during the period of adult fish culture, it is appropriate to be full every day. If there is too little food fish starving, it will affect the growth of Mandarin Fish or kill each other.

5. Water quality control: Mandarin Fish ponds should regulate and control the water quality and change water frequently. The high temperature season from June to September is the peak feeding season. It is necessary to inject and drain water once a week, changing water 0.4 meters each time, and keeping the transparency of the pool water more than 40 centimeters.

Mandarin Fish's stocking skills

1. The source and fishing of fish species

The source of ① fish species: it is now the hot season, the temperature is very high, the fish species are physically weak, and it is generally not convenient for long-distance transportation. The sources of restocking fish species are mostly solved by local adjustment, and they can also be fished in the nearest natural waters. It is required that the fishing site of the fish species is very close to the stocking site, and the fishing and stocking should be closely linked. The fish species should not be kept away from the water for too long, and it is best to catch and breed at the same time. If you can't do it for a while, you can use the cage temporarily or block it in the pull net for operation, but the time had better not be more than two small. The operation of fish out of water is strictly prohibited.

The fishing of ② species: the fishing and feeding of fish species should always adhere to the principle of quick catch and light release. When fishing, you must be careful and operate slowly so as not to hurt the fish. The fishing time can be determined in the morning and in the evening when the weather is cool. Fishing tools should choose large dragnet, net and other tools that do not harm the fish body. Fishing in the same body of water, the number of fishing nets should not be too many, with the floating head of the fish, resulting in death. The screen will damage the fish and make the fish scales fall off. Do not use it. Fishing in dry ponds can choke fish with sewage and burn fish because of shallow water, so it's best not to use it. For eating fish, it is also a good fishing method to lure with bait to intercept the net on its activity route and catch it centrally.

2. Stocking and management of fish species

① preparation before stocking: fish fingerling should be prepared before stocking to check whether the inlet and outlet is intact to prevent leakage. If a problem is found, it should be solved immediately. Secondly, it is necessary to observe the situation of stocking water, especially to understand the situation of escaping fish in the pond, in order to find out the bottom and facilitate the determination of stocking species and quantity. Finally, there is an improvement of the water body. Due to the high temperature, the water is generally turbid, there is more dirt in the water, the water quality is very poor, and germs are easy to breed. Chemical water such as quicklime or alum is used to clarify the water body and purify the water quality. If the water body is too thin, it is necessary to apply fertilizer and cultivate natural bait in the water.

② stocking operation: in order to reduce stocking death and ensure the stocking effect, the choice of restocking fish species should be carried out. The selected species require complete scale fins, strong jumping, lively swimming, hypertrophy, disease-free and injury-free. Fish that are thin, slow to respond, hyperemia on the body surface and mechanical damage should be removed. The species of stocking can be determined according to the source of the species and the needs of stocking, but the stocking scale should be greatly good, and the stocking density can be kept sparse, so as to make the adult fish meet the commercial specifications at the end of the year, reduce the adverse effects caused by the short growing period, and ensure the benefit of breeding. When stocking, the fish must be disinfected by medicine and then put into the water body to prevent the fish from entering the pond with disease and cause the spread of fish disease. Generally, it can be soaked in 2%-3% salt water or 1ppm~2ppm crystal trichlorfon for 3 to 5 minutes.

Management after ③ stocking: after stocking, according to the species and quantity of fish released, we should do a good job in baiting, fertilization, water quality regulation, fish disease prevention and so on. Feed is generally based on concentrate to speed up the growth of fish. The daily feeding amount should be 5%-8% of the total weight of pond fish, with a little surplus after feeding. If there are more fat and water fish such as chain bighead carp in the pond, more fertilizer can be applied, a small amount of fertilizer should be applied for many times, and the organic fertilizer should be fully fermented into the water body, and the amount of organic fertilizer should be 50 kg ~ 100 kg per mu. Chemical fertilizer can be sprinkled with ammonium bicarbonate (5-8 kg per mu) or urea (3-5 kg per mu) in the whole pool to improve water quality. Within 7 ~ 10 days after stocking, 0.3ppm and 1ppm were sprinkled to kill bacteria. At the same time, the mixture of crystal trichlorfon (0.4ppm), copper sulfate (0.5ppm) and ferrous sulfate (0.2ppm) can be used at intervals to kill parasites and effectively prevent the occurrence of fish disease.