Symptoms and control measures of vertical scale disease

Fish vertical scale disease is also known as scale disease, pine scale disease, pine ball disease. The pathogen is thought to be Pseudomonas punctata, a common disease of goldfish, common carp, crucian carp and all kinds of tropical fish, which often occurs in fish culture areas such as North, Central and East China. This disease can also occur in grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp raised in the south. It is mainly prevalent in late winter and early spring, and transdermal infection usually occurs when the water quality deteriorates or the fish is injured. When the disease is serious, the mortality rate of parent fish that can cause diseased carp is as high as 85%.

The main symptoms of vertical scale disease

Sick fish swim alone, slow and powerless. In the early stage of the disease, the fish is blackened, the body surface is rough, and the scales in the front of the fish stand upright, opening outward like pine balls. On the other hand, the scale sac at the base of the scale is dropsy, and the translucent exudate is accumulated inside, so that the scale is erect.

In severe cases, the scales of the whole body stand upright, and there is a bloody exudate in the scales. if you gently press the scales with your hands, the exudates will spray out from under the scales, and the scales will fall off.

Diseased fish are often accompanied by fin base, skin slight hyperemia, exophthalmos, abdominal enlargement, ascites and other symptoms. The diseased fish is anemic, the color of Gill, liver, spleen and kidney becomes lighter, and the inner epidermis of Gill cover is congested. In seriously ill fish, the base of the fin is congested and the fin is rotten.

The diseased fish were slow to swim, had difficulty breathing, had an upward abdomen and died 2 to 3 days later.

The etiology of vertical scale disease

According to the study, the bacteria causing vertical scale disease are: Trichoderma punctata, Pseudomonas hydrophila, Aeromonas hydrophila and so on. In the season of low water temperature, especially after overwintering, the fish have poor physique, weak resistance and easy to get sick. In addition, after the injury, it is easy to part of the scale, the frequency of water change should not be too large.

The preliminary diagnosis was made according to the symptoms and epidemic situation. At the same time, the exudate in the scale sac must be examined with a microscope, and a diagnosis can be made if there are a large number of Brevibacterium. It must be noted that when a large number of fish bean worms live in the scale sac of common carp, it can also cause vertical scale symptoms, which can be distinguished by examining the exudate in the scale sac with a microscope.

Vertical scale disease mainly harms carp. It often occurs in Northeast, North and East China, and there are two popular seasons: one is the spawning period of carp, and the other is the overwintering period of carp. Generally speaking, the spawning period of carp is the main popular season. The highest mortality rate of parent fish is 85%. The prevalence of the disease is related to fish injury, pond water pollution and decreased disease resistance of fish.

Treatment of vertical scale disease

1. Wash the fish with furacilin or furazolidone 20MG/KG concentration. When the water temperature is below 20 degrees, soak for 20-30 minutes. At 21-32 degrees, soak for 10-15 minutes for prevention and early treatment.

2. The concentration of furacilin or furazolidone 0.2-0.3MG/KG can be increased to 0.5-1.2MG/KG in the whole pool, which can be used for prevention and early treatment.

3. Wash the fish with erythromycin 2-2.5MG/KG concentration at a water temperature below 34 degrees for 30-50 minutes, once a day for 3-5 days until the condition is improved.

4. Injection of streptomycin or kanamycin, 120000-150000 IU per kilogram of fish weight, usually only once, and second injection on the fifth day if the disease is serious.

5. Take norfloxacin (norfloxacin) orally, 0.8-1.0g powder per 10KG fish weight per day, once a day for six consecutive days.

6. Rinse with Rivanol 20MG/KG concentration, when the water temperature is 5-20 degrees, soak for 15-30 minutes. Soak at 21-32 degrees for 10-15 minutes. It is effective in early treatment.

7. Spraying with rivanol 0.8-1.5MG/KG concentration has a special effect.

Using the above treatment method and taking salt water bath at the same time, the effect is remarkable.

Topical drugs for vertical scale disease

Choose one of the following drugs and sprinkle it once every other day for a total of 1-3 times:

1. Spraying trichloroisocyanuric acid throughout the pool contains 85% available chlorine and 0.3-0.5 grams per cubic meter of water.

2. Chlorine dioxide is sprinkled all over the pond. 1 gram per cubic meter of water should be activated with citric acid or acetic acid before being splashed.

3. After sprinkling gallnut all over the pond and grinding it, soak it in boiling water and put 2-4 grams per cubic meter of water.

4. The bleaching powder sprinkled throughout the pond contains 60% available chlorine and 0.5-0.6 grams per cubic meter of water.

5. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate sprayed throughout the pool contains 60% available chlorine and 0.5-0.6 grams per cubic meter of water.

6. Bathe the fish in 3% salt water for 10-15 minutes.

7. Put 5 grams of copper sulfate, 2 grams of ferrous sulfate and 10 grams of bleach in 1 cubic meter of water and wash the diseased fish for about 10 minutes.