Design requirements and drawings of fish ponds

When designing an ideal pond, it requires large area, deep water, sufficient light, smooth water source, fertile water quality and convenient transportation, so as to improve the growth and production of fish, and is conducive to production management. let's take a look at the fish pond design requirements and design drawings!

Key points of fish pond design

Fish pond is the main building of the bath, which can be divided into fish fry, adult fish, parent fish and overwintering fish. The design of the fish pond should include the character, area, depth and bottom.

1. Shape: it is generally rectangular, east-west, neatly arranged, similar in size, and the ratio of length to width is 2:1. This kind of fish pond has less shade and long light time on the water surface, which is beneficial to the photosynthesis, production and reproduction of plankton in the pond, as well as the net-pulling operation. In order to make full use of the land and the surrounding corners, some corner ponds can also be arranged according to the topography.

2. Area and depth: generally, the area of each intensive culture high-yield adult fish pond is about 10 mu, and the water conservation is 2.5 to 3 meters. Different types of fish ponds have different areas and depths according to their impassability. Generally speaking, the vertical depth of fish ponds should be 30 to 50cm higher than the highest water level of fish ponds.

3. The bottom of the pond: the bottom of the fish pond should be flat, and there should be a longitudinal tilt from the water outlet to one end of the outlet, with a specific drop of between 200 and 300. The bottom of the pond is inclined longitudinally to dig a trench, which in some places is called "fish slip" or "fish ditch", with a depth of about 20 to 30cm. This ditch has two functions: one is to facilitate drainage to catch bottom fish, and the other is to give uncaught fish or species a place to live in dry ponds to reduce injury or death.

Fish pond standard reference

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Fish pond type

Area

Keep water depth

Aspect ratio

Remarks

Fish fry pond

1.5 mu to 2.0 mu

1.5 m to 2.0 m

2:1 to 3:1

Doubling as a fish pond

Fish ponds

2.0 mu to 5.0 mu

2.0 m to 2.5 m

2:1 to 3:1

Doubling as a fish pond

Adult fish pond

7.0 mu to 15.0 mu

2.5 m to 3.0 m

2:1 to 4:1

Wide ridges can be left

Parent fish pond

3.0 mu to 4.0 mu

2.3 m to 3.0 m

2:1 to 3:1

Should be close to the spawning pool

Overwintering pond

5.0 mu to 10.0 mu

About 3 meters

2:1 to 3:1

Near water source

Design requirements of dike

The dike is divided into three aspects: dike surface, dike height and slope, and the design should be determined according to the drawing condition and production requirements.

1. Dike surface: the width of the dike varies from place to place, and the width of the dike of large fish ponds takes into account six aspects: driving, planting, burying poles, opening canals, building water wells and removing silt from ponds. Generally, the width of the main dike is 10 to 20 m. The surface of the auxiliary dike is generally about 8 m.

2. Dike height: the dike height is the vertical height from the surface of the dike to the bottom of the fish pond. The height of its dike is different. Generally speaking, the height of the levee is about 50cm higher than the highest water level of the fish pond.

3. Slope ratio: the so-called slope ratio is the ratio of the height of the dike to the bottom of the slope. The slope ratio should be determined according to the different soil quality of different fish ponds. The soil is of good quality, and the slope ratio of shallow ponds is generally 1: 1.5 to 2. If the deep water pond or the soil is poor, the slope ratio can be increased to 1:3. The slope ratio is large, which is convenient for construction, production operation and management, is not easy to collapse, and can plant green fodder on the slope.

Intake and drainage system

The intake and drainage system is composed of water sources, inlets, various channels, sluices, catchment ponds, water dividers, drains, etc., the intake and drainage channels are smooth, and the intake and drainage of fish ponds should be set at an oblique opposite place.