Prevention and control techniques of common diseases of koi

Many people breeding fengshui fish will choose koi as their species, because koi is a fish with a story, and this kind of fish is one of the ancient species in our country, so basically fengshui fish will choose koi, but fengshui fish generally cannot be raised to death, and should be replaced and replenished immediately after raising them. Let's take a look at the prevention and control techniques of common diseases of koi.

Acne disease

[etiology] it occurs at the end of autumn and when the water temperature is lower in winter (about 15 degrees)

[symptoms] at the beginning of the disease, milky white spots appear on the body surface or caudal fin, covering a thin layer of white mucus, which gradually expands and spreads all over the body. The skin surface of the focus part thickens and forms large paraffin-like proliferative organisms, which will automatically fall off when they grow to a certain size and thickness, and spoil the water quality in the water, and new proliferative organisms will grow again in the shedding area. Sick fish infected with acne gradually lose weight, swim slowly, have a poor appetite, often sink at the bottom of the water, and die one after another.

[treatment] ① 0.1 ~ 0.3 mg / kg chloramphenicol solution for a long-term bath. ② was injected with chloramphenicol at a dose of 25 mg per tail.

[prevention] fresh water is injected into the ① pool, the bottom of the pool is extracted at any time, and the water quality is improved. ② strengthens autumn cultivation and nutrition to make koi have a certain fatness before winter and enhance the ability of resistance to low temperature and disease. ③ is sprayed with furacillin 1mg to 2mg per kilogram throughout the pool to prevent the occurrence of acne.

Skin mycosis

[symptoms] the fish has a layer of "white hair" on its body. if it is not treated in time, when the bacteria invade the body, the fish will gradually weaken and die. When parasitic in the Gill, it forms Gill mildew, which often causes explosive death. Skin mycosis is caused by filamentous bacteria, most of which occur in ponds or turbid stagnant water with a large number of fish, such as fish are more prone to infection when they are thin or injured, and the lesion is also called white disease because of a large number of cotton-like hyphae.

[etiology] the main causes of dermatomycosis in brocade carp are careless capture and handling, scraping the skin, or damage to the Gill and body surface by parasites, or frostbite to the skin due to low water temperature, so that the spores of water mold invade the wound and become infected. When the water temperature is suitable (about 15-25 degrees), it will grow into dense mycelium in 3-5 days, and a large number of infections will lead to the death of diseased fish. Water mildew exists all year round, and late autumn and early spring is the popular season. It can be infected from fish eggs to fish of all ages. When the hatching water temperature is low, water mildew is very easy to occur on fish eggs.

[treatment] ① was washed with 1.5%-2.5% salt water, removed the hair, then smeared with 2% red potion, and then bathed with fish oxytetracycline. ② smeared the wound and the attachment of water mold with 0.1%-1% malachite green aqueous solution. ③ soaked the fish in malachite green aqueous solution tried by 1RU 15000 for 3 minutes and 5 minutes. ④ soaked the fish in 10 mg / kg potassium permanganate solution for half an hour.

[prevention] when ① nets, fishing, transporting and stocking fish species, the operation should be meticulous so as not to cause fish body injury. ② washed fish eggs with malachite green solution of 15000 concentration for 10 minutes, once a day for 3 consecutive days to prevent water mildew of fish eggs. ③ injured parent fish, smear gentian purple or potassium permanganate on the wound to prevent water mold infection. ④ per hectare pond was mixed with 75kg calamus, 7.5kg salt and 225kg 300kg human urine, and sprinkled throughout the pond once a month.

Skin inflamed and inflamed disease

[etiology] most of the sick are individual big fish and more than one-year-old koi, which is the popular season from late spring to early autumn, which can cause a large number of fish death. It is most popular when the water temperature is 20-30 degrees. Below 20 degrees, there will still be a small number of diseased fish and continue to die. This temperature range is also the peak season for fish growth, so it is very harmful. When the temperature drops to about 10 degrees, the fish disease no longer occurs, and this law can be used for temperature control treatment of diseased fish.

[symptoms] the skin is inflamed and congested, especially around the orbit, Gill cover, abdomen, tail stalk and so on. Sometimes there is congestion at the base of the fin, and when the fin is serious, the fin is broken. The scales of diseased fish are usually intact and do not fall off. Diseased fish float on the water surface or sink at the bottom of the water, swimming slowly, slow to respond, and poor appetite.

[treatment] ① washed the fish with furacillin or furazolidone at a concentration of 20 mg / kg. When the water temperature is below 20 degrees, soak for 20: 30 minutes, 21: 32 degrees, 10: 15 minutes, for prevention and early treatment. ② was sprayed with furacillin or furazolidone 0.2mg / kg and 0.3mg / kg throughout the pool, and the serious condition could increase the concentration to 0.5mg / kg to 1.2mg / kg for prevention and early treatment. ③ washed the fish with erythromycin 2-2.5 mg / kg at a water temperature below 34 degrees for 30-50 minutes, once a day for 3-5 days, until the condition improved. ④ is injected with streptomycin or kanamycin at a rate of 120000 to 150000 IU per kilogram of fish weight, usually only once, and twice on the fifth day if the disease is serious. ⑤ was taken orally with norfloxacin (norfloxacin), 0.8-1.0 g powder per 10 kg of fish weight per day, once a day for six consecutive days. ⑥ is washed with rivanol at a concentration of 20 mg / kg. When the water temperature is 5: 20 degrees, it is washed for 15 minutes at 15 degrees Celsius, and for 10 minutes at 21 degrees 32 degrees. It is effective in early treatment. ⑦ has a special effect when it is sprayed with rivanol 0.8-1.5mg / kg. ⑧ uses the above treatment method to take salt water bath at the same time, the effect is remarkable.

[prevention] ① is kept in close care reasonably, keeping the dissolved oxygen in water at about 5 mg per liter. ② strengthens feeding and management to keep the water quality fresh. ③ regularly sprays furacilin or furazolidone to prevent the occurrence of diseases.

Red skin disease (hemorrhagic corruption)

[etiology] Red skin disease is caused by Trichoderma fluorescens, fish body injury, easy to suffer from this disease. Spring and autumn are popular seasons, which can cause mass death of fish. The disease is closely related to water quality. It is easy to occur when the content of dissolved oxygen is low and the content of organic matter is high.

[symptoms] the skin of the diseased fish is locally or mostly inflamed and congested, the base of the dorsal fin and caudal fin is congested, the end of the fin is rotten, and the mouth and muscles are normal. The scales of diseased fish fall off (the difference from skin inflammation and congestive disease), especially on both sides of the fish body and abdomen.

[prevention and treatment] is the same as skin inflammation and congestive disease.

Enteritis disease

[symptoms] caused by Monospora aerogenes punctata. Red and swollen anus, intestinal congestion and inflammation, severe fin base congestion, abdominal erythema, ascites outflow during laparotomy, the whole intestine is red or purple.

[prevention and treatment] ① was sprinkled all over the pool with 1 mg of bleach per kilogram. The water depth of ② is 10 mm per hectare and the whole pond is sprinkled with 225-375kg of quicklime. ③ 1 gram of sulfonamidine for every 10 kg of fish is used as bait. ④ use 50 grams of garlic for every 10 kilograms of fish as bait, once a day for three consecutive days. ⑤ uses 50 grams of dried Camellia sinensis for every 10 kilograms of fish as bait, once a day for three consecutive days.